{"id":1909,"date":"2025-08-25T02:07:24","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T02:07:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=1909"},"modified":"2025-09-25T08:26:33","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T08:26:33","slug":"high-frequency-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/pcb-manufacturer\/high-frequency-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f: \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1909\" class=\"elementor elementor-1909\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fe9c4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2fe9c4e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f058cdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f058cdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"315\" data-end=\"345\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h2><p data-start=\"347\" data-end=\"753\">A<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Printed_circuit_board#High_frequency_PCBs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/a> \u0647\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 (PCB) \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 300 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a &lt;1 \u0645) \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 3 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a &lt;0.1 \u0645). \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f.<\/p><p data-start=\"347\" data-end=\"753\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2728\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/High-Frequency-PCB.webp\" alt=\"High-Frequency PCB\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/High-Frequency-PCB.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/High-Frequency-PCB-300x186.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"755\" data-end=\"1165\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 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\u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p><hr data-start=\"1167\" data-end=\"1170\" \/><h1 data-start=\"1172\" data-end=\"1207\">\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f 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\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p><p data-start=\"1432\" data-end=\"1677\"><strong data-start=\"1432\" data-end=\"1449\">2. \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong><br data-start=\"1449\" data-end=\"1452\" \/>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639. \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p><p data-start=\"1679\" data-end=\"1970\"><strong data-start=\"1679\" data-end=\"1723\">3. \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<\/strong><br data-start=\"1723\" data-end=\"1726\" \/>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p><p data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"2316\"><strong data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"1996\">4. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><br data-start=\"1996\" data-end=\"1999\" \/>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0624\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p><hr data-start=\"2318\" data-end=\"2321\" \/><h1 data-start=\"2323\" data-end=\"2375\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629<\/h1><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2727\"><thead data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2419\"><tr data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2419\"><th data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2393\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639<\/th><th data-start=\"2393\" data-end=\"2419\" data-col-size=\"md\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2727\"><tr data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2473\"><td data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2439\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2473\">ro4003, ro3003, ro4350, ro5880, ro4003, ro3003, ro4350, ro5880<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2537\"><td data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2509\" data-col-size=\"sm\">TUC (\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0648 \/ \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0648 \u0623\u0648 TUC)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2509\" data-end=\"2537\">TOC862, 872SLK, 883, 933<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2574\"><td data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2550\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2550\" data-end=\"2574\">\u0645\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 4\u060c \u0645\u064a\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 6<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2575\" data-end=\"2608\"><td data-start=\"2575\" data-end=\"2583\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2583\" data-end=\"2608\">fr408hr, is620, is620, is680<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2643\"><td data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2617\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0646\u064a\u0644\u0643\u0648<\/td><td data-start=\"2617\" data-end=\"2643\" data-col-size=\"md\">\u06464000-13\u060c \u06464000-13 \u0628\u064a\u0628\u0633\u064a N4000-13<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2644\" data-end=\"2727\"><td data-start=\"2644\" data-end=\"2670\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2670\" data-end=\"2727\">\u062f\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u063a\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"2729\" data-end=\"2849\">(\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637).<\/p><hr data-start=\"2851\" data-end=\"2854\" \/><h1 data-start=\"2856\" data-end=\"2913\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a HDI<\/h1><p data-start=\"2915\" data-end=\"3218\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a HDI (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629) \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a HDI \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631.<\/p><p data-start=\"3220\" data-end=\"3555\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a FR-4\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p><p data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3824\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 HDI \u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621. HDI \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 HDI \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a DSP \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3826\" data-end=\"3829\" \/><h1 data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3880\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\/\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h1><p data-start=\"3882\" data-end=\"3938\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627:<\/p><p data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"3989\"><strong data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"3987\">1. \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643)<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"3990\" data-end=\"4260\"><li data-start=\"3990\" data-end=\"4078\"><p data-start=\"3992\" data-end=\"4078\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0646: \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 4350B \/ 4003C\u061b \u0623\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0646 25N \/ 25FR\u061b \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 Taconic TLG.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2730 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-4350b.webp\" alt=\"Rogers 4350b\" width=\"600\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-4350b.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-4350b-300x154.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4260\"><p data-start=\"4081\" data-end=\"4260\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a FR-4 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631. \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 20%. \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0631.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"4262\" data-end=\"4309\"><strong data-start=\"4262\" data-end=\"4307\">2. PTFE (\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646)<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"5232\"><li data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"4539\"><p data-start=\"4312\" data-end=\"4338\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646:<\/p><ul data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4539\"><li data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4389\"><p data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4389\">\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 RO3000\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 RT\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 TMM\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 TMM<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2731\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-RO3003.webp\" alt=\"Rogers RO3003\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-RO3003.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-RO3003-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4392\" data-end=\"4439\"><p data-start=\"4394\" data-end=\"4439\">\u0623\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 AD\/AR\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 IsoClad\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 CuClad<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4442\" data-end=\"4488\"><p data-start=\"4444\" data-end=\"4488\">\u062a\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643: \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 RF\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 TLX\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 TLY\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 TLY<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4491\" data-end=\"4539\"><p data-start=\"4493\" data-end=\"4539\">\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646\u063a F4B \/ F4BM \/ F4BK \/ TP-2B<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-start=\"4540\" data-end=\"5232\"><p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4570\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0640 PTFE<\/p><ul data-start=\"4573\" data-end=\"5232\"><li data-start=\"4573\" data-end=\"4657\"><p data-start=\"4575\" data-end=\"4657\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0648\u0634 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4660\" data-end=\"4791\"><p data-start=\"4662\" data-end=\"4791\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0628 #130 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629). \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629. \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40 \u0631\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4794\" data-end=\"4872\"><p data-start=\"4796\" data-end=\"4872\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 1 \u0645\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PTFE \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4875\" data-end=\"4931\"><p data-start=\"4877\" data-end=\"4931\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4934\" data-end=\"5044\"><p data-start=\"4936\" data-end=\"5044\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5047\" data-end=\"5155\"><p data-start=\"5049\" data-end=\"5155\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628: \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0641\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5158\" data-end=\"5232\"><p data-start=\"5160\" data-end=\"5232\">\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 PTH (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5234\" data-end=\"5264\"><strong data-start=\"5234\" data-end=\"5262\">3. \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 PTH<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5265\" data-end=\"5384\"><li data-start=\"5265\" data-end=\"5384\"><p data-start=\"5267\" data-end=\"5384\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 20 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645)\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 PTH. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629 PTH \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5386\" data-end=\"5427\"><strong data-start=\"5386\" data-end=\"5425\">4. \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631)<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5701\"><li data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5498\"><p data-start=\"5430\" data-end=\"5498\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u061b \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5499\" data-end=\"5574\"><p data-start=\"5501\" data-end=\"5574\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d (90 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629) \u062b\u0645 \u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5575\" data-end=\"5701\"><p data-start=\"5577\" data-end=\"5701\">\u064a\u064f\u062e\u0628\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644: 80 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 100 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 150 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c 30 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5703\" data-end=\"5741\"><strong data-start=\"5703\" data-end=\"5739\">5. \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\/\u0637\u062d\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d PTFE<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"6038\"><li data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"5835\"><p data-start=\"5744\" data-end=\"5835\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 PTFE \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 FR-4 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5836\" data-end=\"6038\"><p data-start=\"5838\" data-end=\"6038\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u062d\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"6040\" data-end=\"6043\" \/><h1 data-start=\"6045\" data-end=\"6093\">\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d PTFE \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h1><p data-start=\"6095\" data-end=\"6167\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d.<\/p><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6917\"><thead data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6207\"><tr data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6207\"><th data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6184\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/th><th data-start=\"6184\" data-end=\"6207\" data-col-size=\"xl\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6917\"><tr data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6482\"><td data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6260\" data-col-size=\"sm\">NPTH (\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a) \u0644 PTFE<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6260\" data-end=\"6482\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u2190 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u2190 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u2190 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 (HASL) \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"6483\" data-end=\"6822\"><td data-start=\"6483\" data-end=\"6520\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PTH (\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a) \u0644 PTFE<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6520\" data-end=\"6822\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 (\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0646\u0641\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u2190 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u2190 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u2190 \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0641 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u2190 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"6823\" data-end=\"6917\"><td data-start=\"6823\" data-end=\"6854\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6854\" data-end=\"6917\">\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"6919\" data-end=\"6999\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062f\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p><hr data-start=\"7001\" data-end=\"7004\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7006\" data-end=\"7043\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h1><p data-start=\"7045\" data-end=\"7084\">\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7086\" data-end=\"7468\"><li data-start=\"7086\" data-end=\"7137\"><p data-start=\"7088\" data-end=\"7137\">\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 (LNA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7138\" data-end=\"7198\"><p data-start=\"7140\" data-end=\"7198\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7199\" data-end=\"7273\"><p data-start=\"7201\" data-end=\"7273\">\u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7274\" data-end=\"7366\"><p data-start=\"7276\" data-end=\"7366\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7367\" data-end=\"7468\"><p data-start=\"7369\" data-end=\"7468\">\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"7470\" data-end=\"7473\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7475\" data-end=\"7510\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h1><p data-start=\"7512\" data-end=\"7840\">\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p><p data-start=\"7842\" data-end=\"7890\">\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7892\" data-end=\"8086\"><li data-start=\"7892\" data-end=\"7937\"><p data-start=\"7894\" data-end=\"7937\">\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7938\" data-end=\"8001\"><p data-start=\"7940\" data-end=\"8001\">\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 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data-end=\"8249\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/p><p data-start=\"8251\" data-end=\"8701\"><strong data-start=\"8251\" data-end=\"8273\">\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/strong><br data-start=\"8273\" data-end=\"8276\" \/>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644 TTL \u0648 CMOS\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 50 \u03a9\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"8703\" data-end=\"8755\">(2) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 PCS \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 1.97 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u03b5r = 3.48):<\/p><ul data-start=\"9124\" data-end=\"9266\"><li data-start=\"9124\" data-end=\"9195\"><p data-start=\"9126\" data-end=\"9195\">\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 10 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644: S = 5 \u0645\u0644\u060c l = 920 \u0645\u0644\u060c W = 53 \u0645\u0644<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"9196\" data-end=\"9266\"><p data-start=\"9198\" data-end=\"9266\">\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 20 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644: S = 35 \u0645\u0644\u060c l = 920 \u0645\u0644\u060c W = 62 \u0645\u0644<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"9268\" data-end=\"9308\">\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f:<\/p><p data-start=\"9310\" data-end=\"9556\">A. \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f S \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644.<br data-start=\"9404\" data-end=\"9407\" \/>B. \u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646.<br data-start=\"9450\" data-end=\"9453\" \/>C. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"9558\" data-end=\"9600\">(3) \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h2><p data-start=\"9602\" data-end=\"10021\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 IC \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629: \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0646. \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 0 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10023\" data-end=\"10045\">(4) \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h2><p data-start=\"10047\" data-end=\"10529\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a TTL \u0648 CMOS\u060c \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 &gt; 1 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0645\u0639 C = 0.1 \u03bcF\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 L = 1 \u03bcH. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0626\u0630\u064d.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10531\" data-end=\"10547\">(5) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/h2><p data-start=\"10549\" data-end=\"10680\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a:<\/p><p data-start=\"10682\" data-end=\"10902\">A. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f (&lt;30 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632)\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631.<\/p><p data-start=\"10904\" data-end=\"11021\">B. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642.<\/p><p data-start=\"10904\" data-end=\"11021\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2729\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Isola-PCB.webp\" alt=\"Isola-PCB\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Isola-PCB.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Isola-PCB-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"11023\" data-end=\"11245\">C. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0641 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 155 \u0645 \u0623\u0648 622 \u0645 \u0623\u0648 2 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a\/\u062b.<\/p><p data-start=\"11247\" data-end=\"11435\">\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: Nokia 6110) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0628\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. (\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627.)<\/p><hr data-start=\"11437\" data-end=\"11440\" \/><h1 data-start=\"11442\" data-end=\"11490\">\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h1><p data-start=\"11492\" data-end=\"11548\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0647\u0627:<\/p><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"12491\"><thead data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11608\"><tr data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11608\"><th data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11580\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\/\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632)<\/th><th data-start=\"11580\" data-end=\"11599\" data-col-size=\"md\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633<\/th><th data-start=\"11599\" data-end=\"11608\" data-col-size=\"md\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"12491\"><tr data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"11797\"><td data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"11656\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 2.4 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 2.4 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11656\" data-end=\"11700\">FR-4\u060c 4 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11700\" data-end=\"11797\">\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"11798\" data-end=\"11939\"><td data-start=\"11798\" data-end=\"11823\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 2.4 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11823\" data-end=\"11859\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PTFE\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11859\" data-end=\"11939\">\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u061b \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"11940\" data-end=\"12035\"><td data-start=\"11940\" data-end=\"11965\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 1.9 \u062c\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11965\" data-end=\"11994\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PTFE\u060c 4 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11994\" data-end=\"12035\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12036\" data-end=\"12123\"><td data-start=\"12036\" data-end=\"12061\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 140 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12061\" data-end=\"12086\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 S1139 0.3 \u0645\u0645<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12086\" data-end=\"12123\">\u0633\u0643\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12124\" data-end=\"12223\"><td data-start=\"12124\" data-end=\"12148\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f 70 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12148\" data-end=\"12168\">FR-4\u060c 4 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12168\" data-end=\"12223\">\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12224\" data-end=\"12385\"><td data-start=\"12224\" data-end=\"12247\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 30 \u0648\u0627\u0637<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12247\" data-end=\"12283\">\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 RO4350\u060c \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12283\" data-end=\"12385\">\u0635\u0628 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &gt;= 50 \u03a9 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u061b \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12386\" data-end=\"12491\"><td data-start=\"12386\" data-end=\"12414\" data-col-size=\"sm\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 2000 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12414\" data-end=\"12433\">S1139 0.8 \u0645\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a 0.8 \u0645\u0645<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12433\" data-end=\"12491\">\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u061b \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"12493\" data-end=\"12573\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0643\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647.<\/p><hr data-start=\"12575\" data-end=\"12578\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12580\" data-end=\"12622\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h1><p data-start=\"12624\" data-end=\"12677\">\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p><ol data-start=\"12679\" data-end=\"13167\"><li data-start=\"12679\" data-end=\"12784\"><p data-start=\"12682\" data-end=\"12784\"><strong data-start=\"12682\" data-end=\"12720\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 (Df\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f)<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12785\" data-end=\"12884\"><p data-start=\"12788\" data-end=\"12884\"><strong data-start=\"12788\" data-end=\"12812\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/strong> \u0645\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0642\u062f.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12885\" data-end=\"13021\"><p data-start=\"12888\" data-end=\"13021\"><strong data-start=\"12888\" data-end=\"12916\">\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (DK)<\/strong> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a DK \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 DK \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13022\" data-end=\"13167\"><p data-start=\"13025\" data-end=\"13167\"><strong data-start=\"13025\" data-end=\"13050\">CTE \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13169\" data-end=\"13256\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 PTFE (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646).<\/p><hr data-start=\"13258\" data-end=\"13261\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13263\" data-end=\"13321\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h1><ol data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13843\"><li data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13424\"><p data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13424\"><strong data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13358\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645.<\/strong> \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0636\u064a\u0642. \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a ~ \u00b1 2%.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13425\" data-end=\"13580\"><p data-start=\"13428\" data-end=\"13580\"><strong data-start=\"13428\" data-end=\"13473\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 PTH \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13581\" data-end=\"13711\"><p data-start=\"13584\" data-end=\"13711\"><strong data-start=\"13584\" data-end=\"13627\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0635\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0642. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13712\" data-end=\"13843\"><p data-start=\"13715\" data-end=\"13843\"><strong data-start=\"13715\" data-end=\"13783\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d PTFE \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0634\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 PTFE.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"13845\" data-end=\"13848\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13850\" data-end=\"13868\">\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h1><p data-start=\"13870\" data-end=\"14235\">\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0627\u0634 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PTFE \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-brlk2x4 elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"brlk2x4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\" data-id=\"7882748\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9fc6712\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"631b990\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u061f<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\"><p>\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 PTFE (\u062a\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 (RO3000\/RO4000\/RT\/duroid) \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 FR-4 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\"><p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 FR-4 \u0628\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a GHz\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d PTFE\/\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 PTFE\/\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 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class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Dk\u060c \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f)\u061f<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\"><p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644 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aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1034\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 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248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1035\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1035\"><p>\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Is a High-Frequency PCB A high-frequency PCB is a special printed circuit board (PCB) used for high electromagnetic frequency 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center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":["builder"],"_elementor_template_type":["wp-page"],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"2fe9c4e\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"05b937f\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"f058cdb\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<h2 data-start=\\\"315\\\" data-end=\\\"345\\\">What Is a High-Frequency PCB<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"347\\\" data-end=\\\"753\\\">A<a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\/wiki\\\/Printed_circuit_board#High_frequency_PCBs\\\"> high-frequency PCB<\\\/a> is a special printed circuit board (PCB) used for high electromagnetic frequency signals. These boards are for radio frequencies above about 300 MHz (wavelength &lt; 1 m) and for microwave frequencies above about 3 GHz (wavelength &lt; 0.1 m). They are made on microwave base copper clad laminates. Production may use some standard rigid PCB steps or use special methods for these materials.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"347\\\" data-end=\\\"753\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2728\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/High-Frequency-PCB.webp\\\" alt=\\\"High-Frequency PCB\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"372\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"755\\\" data-end=\\\"1165\\\">With fast progress in technology, more devices work in the microwave band (&gt;1 GHz) and even in millimeter wave ranges (&gt;30 GHz). This means frequencies rise and material needs increase. Base materials must have very good electrical properties and good chemical stability. As the signal frequency goes up, material loss must stay very low. With the arrival of 5G, high-frequency materials became more important.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"1167\\\" data-end=\\\"1170\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"1172\\\" data-end=\\\"1207\\\">Advantages of High-Frequency PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"1209\\\" data-end=\\\"1430\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1209\\\" data-end=\\\"1231\\\">1. High efficiency<\\\/strong><br data-start=\\\"1231\\\" data-end=\\\"1234\\\" \\\/>Materials with low dielectric constant cause low loss. Modern induction heating and other methods can hit targets and keep high efficiency. These boards also help reduce waste and fit green goals.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1432\\\" data-end=\\\"1677\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1432\\\" data-end=\\\"1449\\\">2. High speed<\\\/strong><br data-start=\\\"1449\\\" data-end=\\\"1452\\\" \\\/>Signal speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant. Lower dielectric constant means faster transmission. Special materials keep dielectric constant low and stable. This helps signal transfer.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1679\\\" data-end=\\\"1970\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1679\\\" data-end=\\\"1723\\\">3. Good control of heating or processing<\\\/strong><br data-start=\\\"1723\\\" data-end=\\\"1726\\\" \\\/>High-frequency boards are used in many fields that need precise heating of metal parts. You can control how deep or where to heat. You can focus on surface or deep heating. You can heat in a focused or spread way. The board allows fine control.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1972\\\" data-end=\\\"2316\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1972\\\" data-end=\\\"1996\\\">4. Strong durability<\\\/strong><br data-start=\\\"1996\\\" data-end=\\\"1999\\\" \\\/>Dielectric constant and dielectric material depend on environment. In humid areas, moisture hurts boards. High-frequency boards made from low water absorption material resist this. They resist chemical corrosion, moisture, high heat, and have high peel strength. These qualities make them strong in hard environments.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"2318\\\" data-end=\\\"2321\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"2323\\\" data-end=\\\"2375\\\">Common High-Frequency and High-Speed PCB Materials<\\\/h1><div class=\\\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\\\"><div class=\\\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\"><table class=\\\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\\\" data-start=\\\"2377\\\" data-end=\\\"2727\\\"><thead data-start=\\\"2377\\\" data-end=\\\"2419\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"2377\\\" data-end=\\\"2419\\\"><th data-start=\\\"2377\\\" data-end=\\\"2393\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Brand \\\/ Maker<\\\/th><th data-start=\\\"2393\\\" data-end=\\\"2419\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">Typical Series \\\/ Types<\\\/th><\\\/tr><\\\/thead><tbody data-start=\\\"2430\\\" data-end=\\\"2727\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"2430\\\" data-end=\\\"2473\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2430\\\" data-end=\\\"2439\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Rogers<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"2439\\\" data-end=\\\"2473\\\">RO4003, RO3003, RO4350, RO5880<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"2474\\\" data-end=\\\"2537\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2474\\\" data-end=\\\"2509\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">TUC (Taiyao \\\/ TaYa or TUC brand)<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"2509\\\" data-end=\\\"2537\\\">TUC862, 872SLK, 883, 933<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"2538\\\" data-end=\\\"2574\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2538\\\" data-end=\\\"2550\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Panasonic<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"2550\\\" data-end=\\\"2574\\\">Megtron 4, Megtron 6<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"2575\\\" data-end=\\\"2608\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2575\\\" data-end=\\\"2583\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Isola<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"2583\\\" data-end=\\\"2608\\\">FR408HR, IS620, IS680<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"2609\\\" data-end=\\\"2643\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2609\\\" data-end=\\\"2617\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Nelco<\\\/td><td data-start=\\\"2617\\\" data-end=\\\"2643\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">N4000-13, N4000-13EPSI<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"2644\\\" data-end=\\\"2727\\\"><td data-start=\\\"2644\\\" data-end=\\\"2670\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Domestic makers (China)<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"2670\\\" data-end=\\\"2727\\\">Dongguan Shengyi, Taizhou Wangling, Taixing Microwave<\\\/td><\\\/tr><\\\/tbody><\\\/table><\\\/div><\\\/div><p data-start=\\\"2729\\\" data-end=\\\"2849\\\">(Use these example materials as a starting point. Each design needs the right material choice for frequency and layout.)<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"2851\\\" data-end=\\\"2854\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"2856\\\" data-end=\\\"2913\\\">Difference Between High-Frequency Boards and HDI Boards<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"2915\\\" data-end=\\\"3218\\\">High-frequency PCBs are for radar, test instruments, automotive collision-avoidance systems, communication satellites, wireless systems, and other fields. HDI (High Density Interconnect) boards are for small devices with many components. HDI often uses double-sided boards in products with small volume.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3220\\\" data-end=\\\"3555\\\">A high-frequency board needs very high process control and precision. Many times designers start from FR-4 glass epoxy, but true high-frequency boards use special laminates. The board must have a small and stable dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, low water absorption, high temperature tolerance, and good corrosion resistance.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3557\\\" data-end=\\\"3824\\\">An HDI board uses micro blind vias to reach high routing density. It has internal and external routing that connect by drilling and plating. HDI is for compact products. Some HDI designs use modular parallel modules and strong DSP control for power and load features.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"3826\\\" data-end=\\\"3829\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"3831\\\" data-end=\\\"3880\\\">Types \\\/ Classification of High-Frequency Boards<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"3882\\\" data-end=\\\"3938\\\">Below are common types and notes about their processing:<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3940\\\" data-end=\\\"3989\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"3940\\\" data-end=\\\"3987\\\">1. Powder-filled thermoset (ceramic filled)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"3990\\\" data-end=\\\"4260\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3990\\\" data-end=\\\"4078\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3992\\\" data-end=\\\"4078\\\">Materials and suppliers: Rogers 4350B \\\/ 4003C; Arlon 25N \\\/ 25FR; Taconic TLG series.<img class=\\\"size-full wp-image-2730 aligncenter\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Rogers-4350b.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Rogers 4350b\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"308\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4079\\\" data-end=\\\"4260\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4081\\\" data-end=\\\"4260\\\">Processing: Steps are similar to FR-4 epoxy glass laminates. However, boards are brittle and easy to break. Tool life for drills and router bits drops about 20%. Handle with care.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"4262\\\" data-end=\\\"4309\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"4262\\\" data-end=\\\"4307\\\">2. PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"4310\\\" data-end=\\\"5232\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4310\\\" data-end=\\\"4539\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4312\\\" data-end=\\\"4338\\\">Materials and suppliers:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"4341\\\" data-end=\\\"4539\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4341\\\" data-end=\\\"4389\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4343\\\" data-end=\\\"4389\\\">Rogers: RO3000 series, RT series, TMM series<img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2731\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Rogers-RO3003.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Rogers RO3003\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4392\\\" data-end=\\\"4439\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4394\\\" data-end=\\\"4439\\\">Arlon: AD\\\/AR series, IsoClad, CuClad series<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4442\\\" data-end=\\\"4488\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4444\\\" data-end=\\\"4488\\\">Taconic: RF series, TLX series, TLY series<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4491\\\" data-end=\\\"4539\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4493\\\" data-end=\\\"4539\\\">Taixing Microwave: F4B \\\/ F4BM \\\/ F4BK \\\/ TP-2B<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4540\\\" data-end=\\\"5232\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4542\\\" data-end=\\\"4570\\\">Processing notes for PTFE:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"4573\\\" data-end=\\\"5232\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4573\\\" data-end=\\\"4657\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4575\\\" data-end=\\\"4657\\\">Keep protective film when cutting raw sheets to avoid scratches and press marks.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4660\\\" data-end=\\\"4791\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4662\\\" data-end=\\\"4791\\\">Use new drills (standard #130 drills recommended). For best results, drill one sheet at a time. Keep clamp pressure at ~40 psi.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4794\\\" data-end=\\\"4872\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4796\\\" data-end=\\\"4872\\\">Use aluminum backstop and 1 mm melamine pads to hold PTFE during drilling.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4875\\\" data-end=\\\"4931\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4877\\\" data-end=\\\"4931\\\">After drilling, blow dust out of holes with hot air.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4934\\\" data-end=\\\"5044\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4936\\\" data-end=\\\"5044\\\">Use a stable drill machine. For small holes, increase speed and reduce chip load and spindle return speed.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5047\\\" data-end=\\\"5155\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5049\\\" data-end=\\\"5155\\\">Hole surface treatment: low-temperature plasma or sodium naphthalene activation help hole metallization.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5158\\\" data-end=\\\"5232\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5160\\\" data-end=\\\"5232\\\">PTH (plated through hole) copper deposition and adhesion need attention.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"5234\\\" data-end=\\\"5264\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"5234\\\" data-end=\\\"5262\\\">3. PTH copper deposition<\\\/strong><\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"5265\\\" data-end=\\\"5384\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5265\\\" data-end=\\\"5384\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5267\\\" data-end=\\\"5384\\\">After micro-etch (~20 microinch control), perform PTH. If needed, run a second PTH pass as required by board routing.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"5386\\\" data-end=\\\"5427\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"5386\\\" data-end=\\\"5425\\\">4. Solder mask (green mask) process<\\\/strong><\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"5428\\\" data-end=\\\"5701\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5428\\\" data-end=\\\"5498\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5430\\\" data-end=\\\"5498\\\">Pre-process: use acid\\\/alkaline cleaning; avoid mechanical sanding.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5499\\\" data-end=\\\"5574\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5501\\\" data-end=\\\"5574\\\">After pre-process, bake the board (90\\u00b0C for 30 min) and apply dry film.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5575\\\" data-end=\\\"5701\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5577\\\" data-end=\\\"5701\\\">Bake in three stages: 80\\u00b0C, 100\\u00b0C, 150\\u00b0C, 30 min each. If mask shows oil spots, remove mask and repeat activation treatment.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"5703\\\" data-end=\\\"5741\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"5703\\\" data-end=\\\"5739\\\">5. Routing \\\/ milling PTFE boards<\\\/strong><\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"5742\\\" data-end=\\\"6038\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5742\\\" data-end=\\\"5835\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5744\\\" data-end=\\\"5835\\\">Use thin paper on PTFE trace side and clamp with FR-4 or phenolic backing during routing.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5836\\\" data-end=\\\"6038\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5838\\\" data-end=\\\"6038\\\">After routing, hand-finish edge burrs and inspect carefully. Avoid damaging copper and board surface. Use sulfur-free separation paper. Reduce burrs well. The routing step must leave good edge finish.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"6040\\\" data-end=\\\"6043\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"6045\\\" data-end=\\\"6093\\\">Production Flow for High-Frequency PTFE Boards<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"6095\\\" data-end=\\\"6167\\\">Below are three common process flows. I put them in a table for clarity.<\\\/p><div class=\\\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\\\"><div class=\\\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\"><table class=\\\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\\\" data-start=\\\"6169\\\" data-end=\\\"6917\\\"><thead data-start=\\\"6169\\\" data-end=\\\"6207\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"6169\\\" data-end=\\\"6207\\\"><th data-start=\\\"6169\\\" data-end=\\\"6184\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Process Type<\\\/th><th data-start=\\\"6184\\\" data-end=\\\"6207\\\" data-col-size=\\\"xl\\\">Key Steps (summary)<\\\/th><\\\/tr><\\\/thead><tbody data-start=\\\"6218\\\" data-end=\\\"6917\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"6218\\\" data-end=\\\"6482\\\"><td data-start=\\\"6218\\\" data-end=\\\"6260\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">NPTH (Non-Plated Through Hole) for PTFE<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"xl\\\" data-start=\\\"6260\\\" data-end=\\\"6482\\\">Cutting \\u2192 Drilling \\u2192 Dry film \\u2192 Inspection \\u2192 Etch \\u2192 Etch inspection \\u2192 Solder mask \\u2192 Dry film exposure \\u2192 Hot air solder leveling (HASL) or tin spray \\u2192 Routing\\\/shaping \\u2192 Inspection \\u2192 Final inspection \\u2192 Packing \\u2192 Delivery<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"6483\\\" data-end=\\\"6822\\\"><td data-start=\\\"6483\\\" data-end=\\\"6520\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">PTH (Plated Through Hole) for PTFE<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"xl\\\" data-start=\\\"6520\\\" data-end=\\\"6822\\\">Cutting \\u2192 Drilling \\u2192 Hole treatment (low-temp plasma or sodium naphthalene activation) \\u2192 Copper plating \\u2192 Panel electrical test \\u2192 Dry film \\u2192 Inspection \\u2192 Imaging \\u2192 Etch \\u2192 Etch inspection \\u2192 Solder mask \\u2192 Dry film exposure \\u2192 HASL \\u2192 Routing\\\/shaping \\u2192 Inspection \\u2192 Final inspection \\u2192 Packing \\u2192 Delivery<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"6823\\\" data-end=\\\"6917\\\"><td data-start=\\\"6823\\\" data-end=\\\"6854\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Solder mask process controls<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"xl\\\" data-start=\\\"6854\\\" data-end=\\\"6917\\\">Control green mask adhesion and bubble formation carefully.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><\\\/tbody><\\\/table><\\\/div><\\\/div><p data-start=\\\"6919\\\" data-end=\\\"6999\\\">Note: Each process step must control surface scratch and other defects strictly.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"7001\\\" data-end=\\\"7004\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"7006\\\" data-end=\\\"7043\\\">Applications of High-Frequency PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"7045\\\" data-end=\\\"7084\\\">High-frequency PCBs commonly appear in:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"7086\\\" data-end=\\\"7468\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7086\\\" data-end=\\\"7137\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7088\\\" data-end=\\\"7137\\\">Power amplifiers and low noise amplifiers (LNA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7138\\\" data-end=\\\"7198\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7140\\\" data-end=\\\"7198\\\">Mobile communication products and smart lighting systems<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7199\\\" data-end=\\\"7273\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7201\\\" data-end=\\\"7273\\\">Power dividers, couplers, duplexers, filters and other passive devices<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7274\\\" data-end=\\\"7366\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7276\\\" data-end=\\\"7366\\\">Automotive collision avoidance systems, communication satellites, wireless phone systems<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7367\\\" data-end=\\\"7468\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7369\\\" data-end=\\\"7468\\\">In short, electronics are moving to higher frequencies and high-frequency boards follow this trend.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"7470\\\" data-end=\\\"7473\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"7475\\\" data-end=\\\"7510\\\">How to Design High-Frequency PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"7512\\\" data-end=\\\"7840\\\">In high-frequency PCB design, power plane layout is critical. Usually put power on its own layer. This helps the circuit follow the path of least impedance. Power plane must provide return paths for all signals on the PCB. That lowers loop area and reduces noise. Low-frequency designers often ignore some of these noise issues.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"7842\\\" data-end=\\\"7890\\\">Follow these rules in high-frequency PCB design:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"7892\\\" data-end=\\\"8086\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7892\\\" data-end=\\\"7937\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7894\\\" data-end=\\\"7937\\\">Keep power and ground stable and unified.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7938\\\" data-end=\\\"8001\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7940\\\" data-end=\\\"8001\\\">Careful routing and correct termination remove reflections.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8002\\\" data-end=\\\"8086\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8004\\\" data-end=\\\"8086\\\">Careful routing and correct termination reduce capacitance and measured crosstalk.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"8088\\\" data-end=\\\"8124\\\">Below I expand several key subjects.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"8126\\\" data-end=\\\"8156\\\">(1) Transmission line width<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"8158\\\" data-end=\\\"8249\\\">Transmission line width in high-frequency PCB design must follow impedance matching theory.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"8251\\\" data-end=\\\"8701\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"8251\\\" data-end=\\\"8273\\\">Impedance matching<\\\/strong><br data-start=\\\"8273\\\" data-end=\\\"8276\\\" \\\/>When input\\\/output impedance and transmission line impedance match, the system gives maximum output power and minimum reflection. For microwave circuits, matching must also consider device bias points. Vias on signal lines change transmission properties. For TTL and CMOS, characteristic impedance is high, so the effect is small. But for 50 \\u03a9 low-impedance RF lines, vias must be considered. Usually avoid vias on such lines.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"8703\\\" data-end=\\\"8755\\\">(2) Crosstalk between parallel transmission lines<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"8757\\\" data-end=\\\"9122\\\">When two microstrip lines run close and parallel, coupling occurs. They cause crosstalk and change line characteristic impedance. Pay attention for 50 \\u03a9 and 75 \\u03a9 circuits. Designers can use coupling for some functions, such as directional couplers or power measurement. Example values from one design (1.97 GHz PCS end base station amplifier, dielectric \\u03b5r = 3.48):<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"9124\\\" data-end=\\\"9266\\\"><li data-start=\\\"9124\\\" data-end=\\\"9195\\\"><p data-start=\\\"9126\\\" data-end=\\\"9195\\\">For a 10 dB directional coupler: S = 5 mil, l = 920 mil, W = 53 mil<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"9196\\\" data-end=\\\"9266\\\"><p data-start=\\\"9198\\\" data-end=\\\"9266\\\">For a 20 dB directional coupler: S = 35 mil, l = 920 mil, W = 62 mil<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"9268\\\" data-end=\\\"9308\\\">To reduce crosstalk, follow these rules:<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9310\\\" data-end=\\\"9556\\\">A. Keep spacing S between high-frequency or high-speed parallel lines at least one line width.<br data-start=\\\"9404\\\" data-end=\\\"9407\\\" \\\/>B. Cut down parallel length where possible.<br data-start=\\\"9450\\\" data-end=\\\"9453\\\" \\\/>C. Keep tiny high-frequency signals away from power and logic lines that can cause strong interference.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"9558\\\" data-end=\\\"9600\\\">(3) Ground via electromagnetic analysis<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"9602\\\" data-end=\\\"10021\\\">For IC ground pins or other ground pins, put ground vias close to pins in high-frequency circuits. The idea: a short ground path acts like an inductive impedance. Ground via also looks inductive. This affects filter function. That is why place ground vias close to pins. To reduce inductive load, use more ground vias than in low-frequency boards. This raises ground current capacity and helps keep all points near 0 V.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10023\\\" data-end=\\\"10045\\\">(4) Power filtering<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10047\\\" data-end=\\\"10529\\\">For TTL and CMOS, designers add bypass capacitors near power pins to reduce logic noise. For high-frequency and microwave circuits, this is not enough. High-frequency signals make high-frequency interference on power. Use series inductors and capacitors. Choose inductors by working frequency. Example: to filter &gt;1 MHz noise with C = 0.1 \\u03bcF, pick L = 1 \\u03bcH. When adding inductance on collector open-circuit signal pins, be careful. The inductor acts like a matching inductance then.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10531\\\" data-end=\\\"10547\\\">(5) Shielding<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10549\\\" data-end=\\\"10680\\\">Use shielding to protect small or high-frequency signals. This reduces strong signal interference and reduces EMI. Some guidelines:<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10682\\\" data-end=\\\"10902\\\">A. In low frequency digital\\\/analog (&lt;30 MHz) small-signal designs, split digital and analog grounds, and pour ground plane in small-signal zones. Keep distance between ground pour and traces greater than the trace width.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10904\\\" data-end=\\\"11021\\\">B. In high-frequency digital\\\/analog small-signal design, add shielding cans or stitched ground vias to isolate areas.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10904\\\" data-end=\\\"11021\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2729\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Isola-PCB.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Isola-PCB\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"449\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11023\\\" data-end=\\\"11245\\\">C. For high-power high-frequency circuits, make the high-frequency part a separate functional module and add a metal shield box to lower radiation. For example, optical fiber transceiver modules at 155 M, 622 M, or 2 Gb\\\/s.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11247\\\" data-end=\\\"11435\\\">A multi-layer PCB for mobile phone (example: Nokia 6110) may place components on both sides and use internal ground pours as shown in the original figure. (Figure references omitted here.)<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"11437\\\" data-end=\\\"11440\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"11442\\\" data-end=\\\"11490\\\">Examples of Material Selection for High Boards<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"11492\\\" data-end=\\\"11548\\\">Below are examples from boards we designed and debugged:<\\\/p><div class=\\\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\\\"><div class=\\\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\"><table class=\\\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\\\" data-start=\\\"11550\\\" data-end=\\\"12491\\\"><thead data-start=\\\"11550\\\" data-end=\\\"11608\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"11550\\\" data-end=\\\"11608\\\"><th data-start=\\\"11550\\\" data-end=\\\"11580\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Application (freq \\\/ device)<\\\/th><th data-start=\\\"11580\\\" data-end=\\\"11599\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">Material \\\/ Stack<\\\/th><th data-start=\\\"11599\\\" data-end=\\\"11608\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">Notes<\\\/th><\\\/tr><\\\/thead><tbody data-start=\\\"11624\\\" data-end=\\\"12491\\\"><tr data-start=\\\"11624\\\" data-end=\\\"11797\\\"><td data-start=\\\"11624\\\" data-end=\\\"11656\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">2.4 GHz spread spectrum relay<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11656\\\" data-end=\\\"11700\\\">FR-4, 4-layer PCB with large ground pours<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11700\\\" data-end=\\\"11797\\\">High-frequency analog part separated. Power lines use inductors to isolate from digital part.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"11798\\\" data-end=\\\"11939\\\"><td data-start=\\\"11798\\\" data-end=\\\"11823\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">2.4 GHz RF transceiver<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11823\\\" data-end=\\\"11859\\\">PTFE material, double-sided board<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11859\\\" data-end=\\\"11939\\\">RF transmit and receive in separate metal shield cans; power input filtered.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"11940\\\" data-end=\\\"12035\\\"><td data-start=\\\"11940\\\" data-end=\\\"11965\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">1.9 GHz RF transceiver<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11965\\\" data-end=\\\"11994\\\">PTFE material, 4-layer PCB<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"11994\\\" data-end=\\\"12035\\\">Use large ground pours and shielding.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"12036\\\" data-end=\\\"12123\\\"><td data-start=\\\"12036\\\" data-end=\\\"12061\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">140 MHz IF transceiver<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12061\\\" data-end=\\\"12086\\\">Top layer S1139 0.3 mm<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12086\\\" data-end=\\\"12123\\\">Large ground pour; via isolation.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"12124\\\" data-end=\\\"12223\\\"><td data-start=\\\"12124\\\" data-end=\\\"12148\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">70 MHz IF transceiver<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12148\\\" data-end=\\\"12168\\\">FR-4, 4-layer PCB<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12168\\\" data-end=\\\"12223\\\">Large ground pour; module isolation via via fences.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"12224\\\" data-end=\\\"12385\\\"><td data-start=\\\"12224\\\" data-end=\\\"12247\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">30 W power amplifier<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12247\\\" data-end=\\\"12283\\\">RO4350 material, double-sided PCB<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12283\\\" data-end=\\\"12385\\\">Large ground pour; spacing controlled to &gt;= 50 \\u03a9 line width; shield box and power input filtering.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr data-start=\\\"12386\\\" data-end=\\\"12491\\\"><td data-start=\\\"12386\\\" data-end=\\\"12414\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">2000 MHz microwave source<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12414\\\" data-end=\\\"12433\\\">S1139 0.8 mm top<\\\/td><td data-col-size=\\\"md\\\" data-start=\\\"12433\\\" data-end=\\\"12491\\\">Double-sided PCB; precise control of trace dimensions.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><\\\/tbody><\\\/table><\\\/div><\\\/div><p data-start=\\\"12493\\\" data-end=\\\"12573\\\">Use these as examples. Each project needs its own material and thickness choice.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"12575\\\" data-end=\\\"12578\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"12580\\\" data-end=\\\"12622\\\">High-Frequency PCB Material Requirements<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"12624\\\" data-end=\\\"12677\\\">Designers should check these key material properties:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"12679\\\" data-end=\\\"13167\\\"><li data-start=\\\"12679\\\" data-end=\\\"12784\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12682\\\" data-end=\\\"12784\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"12682\\\" data-end=\\\"12720\\\">Dielectric loss (Df, loss tangent)<\\\/strong> must be very small. Small loss means less signal attenuation.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12785\\\" data-end=\\\"12884\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12788\\\" data-end=\\\"12884\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"12788\\\" data-end=\\\"12812\\\">Low water absorption<\\\/strong> is important. High water uptake changes dielectric constant and loss.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12885\\\" data-end=\\\"13021\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12888\\\" data-end=\\\"13021\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"12888\\\" data-end=\\\"12916\\\">Dielectric constant (DK)<\\\/strong> must be low and stable. Lower DK gives higher signal speed. DK stability also helps impedance control.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13022\\\" data-end=\\\"13167\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13025\\\" data-end=\\\"13167\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"13025\\\" data-end=\\\"13050\\\">CTE and thermal match<\\\/strong> between copper foil and base must be similar. Large mismatch over temperature changes can cause copper delamination.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"13169\\\" data-end=\\\"13256\\\">High frequency often means use of fluoropolymer substrates like PTFE (known as Teflon).<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"13258\\\" data-end=\\\"13261\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"13263\\\" data-end=\\\"13321\\\">Manufacturing Notes and Cautions for High-Frequency PCBs<\\\/h1><ol data-start=\\\"13323\\\" data-end=\\\"13843\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13323\\\" data-end=\\\"13424\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13326\\\" data-end=\\\"13424\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"13326\\\" data-end=\\\"13358\\\">Impedance control is strict.<\\\/strong> Line width tolerance is tight. Typical control tolerance ~ \\u00b12%.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13425\\\" data-end=\\\"13580\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13428\\\" data-end=\\\"13580\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"13428\\\" data-end=\\\"13473\\\">PTH adhesion is low on special materials.<\\\/strong> Use plasma surface roughening for holes and surfaces to increase adhesion for plating and solder resist.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13581\\\" data-end=\\\"13711\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13584\\\" data-end=\\\"13711\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"13584\\\" data-end=\\\"13627\\\">Do not sand the board before soldering.<\\\/strong> This reduces adhesion. Use micro-etch solutions or other roughening methods only.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13712\\\" data-end=\\\"13843\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13715\\\" data-end=\\\"13843\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"13715\\\" data-end=\\\"13783\\\">PTFE boards often cause rough edges with standard milling tools.<\\\/strong> Use special milling bits and follow PTFE routing practices.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><hr data-start=\\\"13845\\\" data-end=\\\"13848\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"13850\\\" data-end=\\\"13868\\\">Short Conclusion<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"13870\\\" data-end=\\\"14235\\\">High-frequency PCBs need special materials and careful process control. Choose a material that fits your frequency and thermal needs. Control impedance and place ground vias closely. Use shielding and correct power filtering. Follow special handling steps for PTFE and other microwave laminates. These steps improve performance and yield in high-frequency circuits.<\\\/p>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"18e069d\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":false},{\"id\":\"brlk2x4\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"settings\":{\"gap\":\"no\",\"content_position\":\"top\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"background_color\":\"#FFFFFF00\",\"background_position\":\"bottom center\",\"background_attachment\":\"scroll\",\"background_repeat\":\"no-repeat\",\"background_size\":\"cover\",\"background_size_mobile\":\"cover\",\"background_overlay_background\":\"classic\",\"background_overlay_color_b\":\"rgba(255,255,255,0)\",\"background_overlay_opacity\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"120\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"120\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"80\",\"right\":\"40\",\"bottom\":\"80\",\"left\":\"40\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"25\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"25\",\"isLinked\":false},\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":800,\"sizes\":[]},\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"ba03a0b\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"7882748\",\"elType\":\"column\",\"settings\":{\"_column_size\":100,\"_inline_size\":null,\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"space_between_widgets\":40,\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"2d9ed40\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9fc6712\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Frequently Asked Questions\",\"align\":\"center\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"e54e767\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"631b990\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"tab_title\":\"Which substrate materials are commonly used for high-frequency PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>Typical materials include PTFE (Teflon)-based laminates and engineered composites from suppliers like Rogers (RO3000\\\/RO4000\\\/RT\\\/duroid) and Isola, chosen for low loss tangent and stable dielectric constant.<\\\/p>\",\"_id\":\"1f7b19c\"},{\"_id\":\"bbc686c\",\"tab_title\":\"Why not just use FR-4 for RF\\\/high-frequency designs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>FR-4 has higher dielectric loss and less stable dielectric constant at GHz frequencies, which increases signal loss and impedance variability; for many RF or microwave applications, PTFE\\\/Rogers-class laminates perform much better.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"1456b39\",\"tab_title\":\"What electrical properties matter most (Dk, loss tangent)?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>Dielectric constant (Dk) controls impedance and signal velocity; loss tangent (Df) governs signal attenuation. Low, stable Dk and low loss tangent are essential for consistent high-frequency performance.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"8ac8191\",\"tab_title\":\"Typical applications for high-frequency PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>Antennas, RF amplifiers, filters, 5G base stations, microwave radio links, satellite communications, radar, and high-speed RF modules.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"55aea79\",\"tab_title\":\"How do I choose the right high-frequency laminate?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>Match required frequency range, target impedance stability, thermal\\\/CTE needs, and loss tangent. 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class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fe9c4e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\\\" data-id=\\\"2fe9c4e\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-con-inner\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"f058cdb","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<h2 data-start=\"315\" data-end=\"345\">What Is a High-Frequency PCB<\/h2><p data-start=\"347\" data-end=\"753\">A<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Printed_circuit_board#High_frequency_PCBs\"> high-frequency PCB<\/a> is a special printed circuit board (PCB) used for high electromagnetic frequency signals. These boards are for radio frequencies above about 300 MHz (wavelength &lt; 1 m) and for microwave frequencies above about 3 GHz (wavelength &lt; 0.1 m). They are made on microwave base copper clad laminates. Production may use some standard rigid PCB steps or use special methods for these materials.<\/p><p data-start=\"347\" data-end=\"753\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2728\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/High-Frequency-PCB.webp\" alt=\"High-Frequency PCB\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"755\" data-end=\"1165\">With fast progress in technology, more devices work in the microwave band (&gt;1 GHz) and even in millimeter wave ranges (&gt;30 GHz). This means frequencies rise and material needs increase. Base materials must have very good electrical properties and good chemical stability. As the signal frequency goes up, material loss must stay very low. With the arrival of 5G, high-frequency materials became more important.<\/p><hr data-start=\"1167\" data-end=\"1170\" \/><h1 data-start=\"1172\" data-end=\"1207\">Advantages of High-Frequency PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"1209\" data-end=\"1430\"><strong data-start=\"1209\" data-end=\"1231\">1. High efficiency<\/strong><br data-start=\"1231\" data-end=\"1234\" \/>Materials with low dielectric constant cause low loss. Modern induction heating and other methods can hit targets and keep high efficiency. These boards also help reduce waste and fit green goals.<\/p><p data-start=\"1432\" data-end=\"1677\"><strong data-start=\"1432\" data-end=\"1449\">2. High speed<\/strong><br data-start=\"1449\" data-end=\"1452\" \/>Signal speed is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant. Lower dielectric constant means faster transmission. Special materials keep dielectric constant low and stable. This helps signal transfer.<\/p><p data-start=\"1679\" data-end=\"1970\"><strong data-start=\"1679\" data-end=\"1723\">3. Good control of heating or processing<\/strong><br data-start=\"1723\" data-end=\"1726\" \/>High-frequency boards are used in many fields that need precise heating of metal parts. You can control how deep or where to heat. You can focus on surface or deep heating. You can heat in a focused or spread way. The board allows fine control.<\/p><p data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"2316\"><strong data-start=\"1972\" data-end=\"1996\">4. Strong durability<\/strong><br data-start=\"1996\" data-end=\"1999\" \/>Dielectric constant and dielectric material depend on environment. In humid areas, moisture hurts boards. High-frequency boards made from low water absorption material resist this. They resist chemical corrosion, moisture, high heat, and have high peel strength. These qualities make them strong in hard environments.<\/p><hr data-start=\"2318\" data-end=\"2321\" \/><h1 data-start=\"2323\" data-end=\"2375\">Common High-Frequency and High-Speed PCB Materials<\/h1><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2727\"><thead data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2419\"><tr data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2419\"><th data-start=\"2377\" data-end=\"2393\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Brand \/ Maker<\/th><th data-start=\"2393\" data-end=\"2419\" data-col-size=\"md\">Typical Series \/ Types<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2727\"><tr data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2473\"><td data-start=\"2430\" data-end=\"2439\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Rogers<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2473\">RO4003, RO3003, RO4350, RO5880<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2537\"><td data-start=\"2474\" data-end=\"2509\" data-col-size=\"sm\">TUC (Taiyao \/ TaYa or TUC brand)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2509\" data-end=\"2537\">TUC862, 872SLK, 883, 933<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2574\"><td data-start=\"2538\" data-end=\"2550\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Panasonic<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2550\" data-end=\"2574\">Megtron 4, Megtron 6<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2575\" data-end=\"2608\"><td data-start=\"2575\" data-end=\"2583\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Isola<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2583\" data-end=\"2608\">FR408HR, IS620, IS680<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2643\"><td data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2617\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Nelco<\/td><td data-start=\"2617\" data-end=\"2643\" data-col-size=\"md\">N4000-13, N4000-13EPSI<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"2644\" data-end=\"2727\"><td data-start=\"2644\" data-end=\"2670\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Domestic makers (China)<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"2670\" data-end=\"2727\">Dongguan Shengyi, Taizhou Wangling, Taixing Microwave<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"2729\" data-end=\"2849\">(Use these example materials as a starting point. Each design needs the right material choice for frequency and layout.)<\/p><hr data-start=\"2851\" data-end=\"2854\" \/><h1 data-start=\"2856\" data-end=\"2913\">Difference Between High-Frequency Boards and HDI Boards<\/h1><p data-start=\"2915\" data-end=\"3218\">High-frequency PCBs are for radar, test instruments, automotive collision-avoidance systems, communication satellites, wireless systems, and other fields. HDI (High Density Interconnect) boards are for small devices with many components. HDI often uses double-sided boards in products with small volume.<\/p><p data-start=\"3220\" data-end=\"3555\">A high-frequency board needs very high process control and precision. Many times designers start from FR-4 glass epoxy, but true high-frequency boards use special laminates. The board must have a small and stable dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, low water absorption, high temperature tolerance, and good corrosion resistance.<\/p><p data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3824\">An HDI board uses micro blind vias to reach high routing density. It has internal and external routing that connect by drilling and plating. HDI is for compact products. Some HDI designs use modular parallel modules and strong DSP control for power and load features.<\/p><hr data-start=\"3826\" data-end=\"3829\" \/><h1 data-start=\"3831\" data-end=\"3880\">Types \/ Classification of High-Frequency Boards<\/h1><p data-start=\"3882\" data-end=\"3938\">Below are common types and notes about their processing:<\/p><p data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"3989\"><strong data-start=\"3940\" data-end=\"3987\">1. Powder-filled thermoset (ceramic filled)<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"3990\" data-end=\"4260\"><li data-start=\"3990\" data-end=\"4078\"><p data-start=\"3992\" data-end=\"4078\">Materials and suppliers: Rogers 4350B \/ 4003C; Arlon 25N \/ 25FR; Taconic TLG series.<img class=\"size-full wp-image-2730 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-4350b.webp\" alt=\"Rogers 4350b\" width=\"600\" height=\"308\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4079\" data-end=\"4260\"><p data-start=\"4081\" data-end=\"4260\">Processing: Steps are similar to FR-4 epoxy glass laminates. However, boards are brittle and easy to break. Tool life for drills and router bits drops about 20%. Handle with care.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"4262\" data-end=\"4309\"><strong data-start=\"4262\" data-end=\"4307\">2. PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene, Teflon)<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"5232\"><li data-start=\"4310\" data-end=\"4539\"><p data-start=\"4312\" data-end=\"4338\">Materials and suppliers:<\/p><ul data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4539\"><li data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4389\"><p data-start=\"4343\" data-end=\"4389\">Rogers: RO3000 series, RT series, TMM series<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2731\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rogers-RO3003.webp\" alt=\"Rogers RO3003\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4392\" data-end=\"4439\"><p data-start=\"4394\" data-end=\"4439\">Arlon: AD\/AR series, IsoClad, CuClad series<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4442\" data-end=\"4488\"><p data-start=\"4444\" data-end=\"4488\">Taconic: RF series, TLX series, TLY series<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4491\" data-end=\"4539\"><p data-start=\"4493\" data-end=\"4539\">Taixing Microwave: F4B \/ F4BM \/ F4BK \/ TP-2B<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li data-start=\"4540\" data-end=\"5232\"><p data-start=\"4542\" data-end=\"4570\">Processing notes for PTFE:<\/p><ul data-start=\"4573\" data-end=\"5232\"><li data-start=\"4573\" data-end=\"4657\"><p data-start=\"4575\" data-end=\"4657\">Keep protective film when cutting raw sheets to avoid scratches and press marks.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4660\" data-end=\"4791\"><p data-start=\"4662\" data-end=\"4791\">Use new drills (standard #130 drills recommended). For best results, drill one sheet at a time. Keep clamp pressure at ~40 psi.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4794\" data-end=\"4872\"><p data-start=\"4796\" data-end=\"4872\">Use aluminum backstop and 1 mm melamine pads to hold PTFE during drilling.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4875\" data-end=\"4931\"><p data-start=\"4877\" data-end=\"4931\">After drilling, blow dust out of holes with hot air.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4934\" data-end=\"5044\"><p data-start=\"4936\" data-end=\"5044\">Use a stable drill machine. For small holes, increase speed and reduce chip load and spindle return speed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5047\" data-end=\"5155\"><p data-start=\"5049\" data-end=\"5155\">Hole surface treatment: low-temperature plasma or sodium naphthalene activation help hole metallization.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5158\" data-end=\"5232\"><p data-start=\"5160\" data-end=\"5232\">PTH (plated through hole) copper deposition and adhesion need attention.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5234\" data-end=\"5264\"><strong data-start=\"5234\" data-end=\"5262\">3. PTH copper deposition<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5265\" data-end=\"5384\"><li data-start=\"5265\" data-end=\"5384\"><p data-start=\"5267\" data-end=\"5384\">After micro-etch (~20 microinch control), perform PTH. If needed, run a second PTH pass as required by board routing.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5386\" data-end=\"5427\"><strong data-start=\"5386\" data-end=\"5425\">4. Solder mask (green mask) process<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5701\"><li data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5498\"><p data-start=\"5430\" data-end=\"5498\">Pre-process: use acid\/alkaline cleaning; avoid mechanical sanding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5499\" data-end=\"5574\"><p data-start=\"5501\" data-end=\"5574\">After pre-process, bake the board (90\u00b0C for 30 min) and apply dry film.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5575\" data-end=\"5701\"><p data-start=\"5577\" data-end=\"5701\">Bake in three stages: 80\u00b0C, 100\u00b0C, 150\u00b0C, 30 min each. If mask shows oil spots, remove mask and repeat activation treatment.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"5703\" data-end=\"5741\"><strong data-start=\"5703\" data-end=\"5739\">5. Routing \/ milling PTFE boards<\/strong><\/p><ul data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"6038\"><li data-start=\"5742\" data-end=\"5835\"><p data-start=\"5744\" data-end=\"5835\">Use thin paper on PTFE trace side and clamp with FR-4 or phenolic backing during routing.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5836\" data-end=\"6038\"><p data-start=\"5838\" data-end=\"6038\">After routing, hand-finish edge burrs and inspect carefully. Avoid damaging copper and board surface. Use sulfur-free separation paper. Reduce burrs well. The routing step must leave good edge finish.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"6040\" data-end=\"6043\" \/><h1 data-start=\"6045\" data-end=\"6093\">Production Flow for High-Frequency PTFE Boards<\/h1><p data-start=\"6095\" data-end=\"6167\">Below are three common process flows. I put them in a table for clarity.<\/p><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6917\"><thead data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6207\"><tr data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6207\"><th data-start=\"6169\" data-end=\"6184\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Process Type<\/th><th data-start=\"6184\" data-end=\"6207\" data-col-size=\"xl\">Key Steps (summary)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6917\"><tr data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6482\"><td data-start=\"6218\" data-end=\"6260\" data-col-size=\"sm\">NPTH (Non-Plated Through Hole) for PTFE<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6260\" data-end=\"6482\">Cutting \u2192 Drilling \u2192 Dry film \u2192 Inspection \u2192 Etch \u2192 Etch inspection \u2192 Solder mask \u2192 Dry film exposure \u2192 Hot air solder leveling (HASL) or tin spray \u2192 Routing\/shaping \u2192 Inspection \u2192 Final inspection \u2192 Packing \u2192 Delivery<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"6483\" data-end=\"6822\"><td data-start=\"6483\" data-end=\"6520\" data-col-size=\"sm\">PTH (Plated Through Hole) for PTFE<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6520\" data-end=\"6822\">Cutting \u2192 Drilling \u2192 Hole treatment (low-temp plasma or sodium naphthalene activation) \u2192 Copper plating \u2192 Panel electrical test \u2192 Dry film \u2192 Inspection \u2192 Imaging \u2192 Etch \u2192 Etch inspection \u2192 Solder mask \u2192 Dry film exposure \u2192 HASL \u2192 Routing\/shaping \u2192 Inspection \u2192 Final inspection \u2192 Packing \u2192 Delivery<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"6823\" data-end=\"6917\"><td data-start=\"6823\" data-end=\"6854\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Solder mask process controls<\/td><td data-col-size=\"xl\" data-start=\"6854\" data-end=\"6917\">Control green mask adhesion and bubble formation carefully.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"6919\" data-end=\"6999\">Note: Each process step must control surface scratch and other defects strictly.<\/p><hr data-start=\"7001\" data-end=\"7004\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7006\" data-end=\"7043\">Applications of High-Frequency PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"7045\" data-end=\"7084\">High-frequency PCBs commonly appear in:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7086\" data-end=\"7468\"><li data-start=\"7086\" data-end=\"7137\"><p data-start=\"7088\" data-end=\"7137\">Power amplifiers and low noise amplifiers (LNA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7138\" data-end=\"7198\"><p data-start=\"7140\" data-end=\"7198\">Mobile communication products and smart lighting systems<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7199\" data-end=\"7273\"><p data-start=\"7201\" data-end=\"7273\">Power dividers, couplers, duplexers, filters and other passive devices<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7274\" data-end=\"7366\"><p data-start=\"7276\" data-end=\"7366\">Automotive collision avoidance systems, communication satellites, wireless phone systems<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7367\" data-end=\"7468\"><p data-start=\"7369\" data-end=\"7468\">In short, electronics are moving to higher frequencies and high-frequency boards follow this trend.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"7470\" data-end=\"7473\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7475\" data-end=\"7510\">How to Design High-Frequency PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"7512\" data-end=\"7840\">In high-frequency PCB design, power plane layout is critical. Usually put power on its own layer. This helps the circuit follow the path of least impedance. Power plane must provide return paths for all signals on the PCB. That lowers loop area and reduces noise. Low-frequency designers often ignore some of these noise issues.<\/p><p data-start=\"7842\" data-end=\"7890\">Follow these rules in high-frequency PCB design:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7892\" data-end=\"8086\"><li data-start=\"7892\" data-end=\"7937\"><p data-start=\"7894\" data-end=\"7937\">Keep power and ground stable and unified.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7938\" data-end=\"8001\"><p data-start=\"7940\" data-end=\"8001\">Careful routing and correct termination remove reflections.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8002\" data-end=\"8086\"><p data-start=\"8004\" data-end=\"8086\">Careful routing and correct termination reduce capacitance and measured crosstalk.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"8088\" data-end=\"8124\">Below I expand several key subjects.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"8126\" data-end=\"8156\">(1) Transmission line width<\/h2><p data-start=\"8158\" data-end=\"8249\">Transmission line width in high-frequency PCB design must follow impedance matching theory.<\/p><p data-start=\"8251\" data-end=\"8701\"><strong data-start=\"8251\" data-end=\"8273\">Impedance matching<\/strong><br data-start=\"8273\" data-end=\"8276\" \/>When input\/output impedance and transmission line impedance match, the system gives maximum output power and minimum reflection. For microwave circuits, matching must also consider device bias points. Vias on signal lines change transmission properties. For TTL and CMOS, characteristic impedance is high, so the effect is small. But for 50 \u03a9 low-impedance RF lines, vias must be considered. Usually avoid vias on such lines.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"8703\" data-end=\"8755\">(2) Crosstalk between parallel transmission lines<\/h2><p data-start=\"8757\" data-end=\"9122\">When two microstrip lines run close and parallel, coupling occurs. They cause crosstalk and change line characteristic impedance. Pay attention for 50 \u03a9 and 75 \u03a9 circuits. Designers can use coupling for some functions, such as directional couplers or power measurement. Example values from one design (1.97 GHz PCS end base station amplifier, dielectric \u03b5r = 3.48):<\/p><ul data-start=\"9124\" data-end=\"9266\"><li data-start=\"9124\" data-end=\"9195\"><p data-start=\"9126\" data-end=\"9195\">For a 10 dB directional coupler: S = 5 mil, l = 920 mil, W = 53 mil<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"9196\" data-end=\"9266\"><p data-start=\"9198\" data-end=\"9266\">For a 20 dB directional coupler: S = 35 mil, l = 920 mil, W = 62 mil<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"9268\" data-end=\"9308\">To reduce crosstalk, follow these rules:<\/p><p data-start=\"9310\" data-end=\"9556\">A. Keep spacing S between high-frequency or high-speed parallel lines at least one line width.<br data-start=\"9404\" data-end=\"9407\" \/>B. Cut down parallel length where possible.<br data-start=\"9450\" data-end=\"9453\" \/>C. Keep tiny high-frequency signals away from power and logic lines that can cause strong interference.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"9558\" data-end=\"9600\">(3) Ground via electromagnetic analysis<\/h2><p data-start=\"9602\" data-end=\"10021\">For IC ground pins or other ground pins, put ground vias close to pins in high-frequency circuits. The idea: a short ground path acts like an inductive impedance. Ground via also looks inductive. This affects filter function. That is why place ground vias close to pins. To reduce inductive load, use more ground vias than in low-frequency boards. This raises ground current capacity and helps keep all points near 0 V.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10023\" data-end=\"10045\">(4) Power filtering<\/h2><p data-start=\"10047\" data-end=\"10529\">For TTL and CMOS, designers add bypass capacitors near power pins to reduce logic noise. For high-frequency and microwave circuits, this is not enough. High-frequency signals make high-frequency interference on power. Use series inductors and capacitors. Choose inductors by working frequency. Example: to filter &gt;1 MHz noise with C = 0.1 \u03bcF, pick L = 1 \u03bcH. When adding inductance on collector open-circuit signal pins, be careful. The inductor acts like a matching inductance then.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10531\" data-end=\"10547\">(5) Shielding<\/h2><p data-start=\"10549\" data-end=\"10680\">Use shielding to protect small or high-frequency signals. This reduces strong signal interference and reduces EMI. Some guidelines:<\/p><p data-start=\"10682\" data-end=\"10902\">A. In low frequency digital\/analog (&lt;30 MHz) small-signal designs, split digital and analog grounds, and pour ground plane in small-signal zones. Keep distance between ground pour and traces greater than the trace width.<\/p><p data-start=\"10904\" data-end=\"11021\">B. In high-frequency digital\/analog small-signal design, add shielding cans or stitched ground vias to isolate areas.<\/p><p data-start=\"10904\" data-end=\"11021\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2729\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Isola-PCB.webp\" alt=\"Isola-PCB\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"11023\" data-end=\"11245\">C. For high-power high-frequency circuits, make the high-frequency part a separate functional module and add a metal shield box to lower radiation. For example, optical fiber transceiver modules at 155 M, 622 M, or 2 Gb\/s.<\/p><p data-start=\"11247\" data-end=\"11435\">A multi-layer PCB for mobile phone (example: Nokia 6110) may place components on both sides and use internal ground pours as shown in the original figure. (Figure references omitted here.)<\/p><hr data-start=\"11437\" data-end=\"11440\" \/><h1 data-start=\"11442\" data-end=\"11490\">Examples of Material Selection for High Boards<\/h1><p data-start=\"11492\" data-end=\"11548\">Below are examples from boards we designed and debugged:<\/p><div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\"><div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\"><table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"12491\"><thead data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11608\"><tr data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11608\"><th data-start=\"11550\" data-end=\"11580\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Application (freq \/ device)<\/th><th data-start=\"11580\" data-end=\"11599\" data-col-size=\"md\">Material \/ Stack<\/th><th data-start=\"11599\" data-end=\"11608\" data-col-size=\"md\">Notes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"12491\"><tr data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"11797\"><td data-start=\"11624\" data-end=\"11656\" data-col-size=\"sm\">2.4 GHz spread spectrum relay<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11656\" data-end=\"11700\">FR-4, 4-layer PCB with large ground pours<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11700\" data-end=\"11797\">High-frequency analog part separated. Power lines use inductors to isolate from digital part.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"11798\" data-end=\"11939\"><td data-start=\"11798\" data-end=\"11823\" data-col-size=\"sm\">2.4 GHz RF transceiver<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11823\" data-end=\"11859\">PTFE material, double-sided board<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11859\" data-end=\"11939\">RF transmit and receive in separate metal shield cans; power input filtered.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"11940\" data-end=\"12035\"><td data-start=\"11940\" data-end=\"11965\" data-col-size=\"sm\">1.9 GHz RF transceiver<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11965\" data-end=\"11994\">PTFE material, 4-layer PCB<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"11994\" data-end=\"12035\">Use large ground pours and shielding.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12036\" data-end=\"12123\"><td data-start=\"12036\" data-end=\"12061\" data-col-size=\"sm\">140 MHz IF transceiver<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12061\" data-end=\"12086\">Top layer S1139 0.3 mm<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12086\" data-end=\"12123\">Large ground pour; via isolation.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12124\" data-end=\"12223\"><td data-start=\"12124\" data-end=\"12148\" data-col-size=\"sm\">70 MHz IF transceiver<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12148\" data-end=\"12168\">FR-4, 4-layer PCB<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12168\" data-end=\"12223\">Large ground pour; module isolation via via fences.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12224\" data-end=\"12385\"><td data-start=\"12224\" data-end=\"12247\" data-col-size=\"sm\">30 W power amplifier<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12247\" data-end=\"12283\">RO4350 material, double-sided PCB<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12283\" data-end=\"12385\">Large ground pour; spacing controlled to &gt;= 50 \u03a9 line width; shield box and power input filtering.<\/td><\/tr><tr data-start=\"12386\" data-end=\"12491\"><td data-start=\"12386\" data-end=\"12414\" data-col-size=\"sm\">2000 MHz microwave source<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12414\" data-end=\"12433\">S1139 0.8 mm top<\/td><td data-col-size=\"md\" data-start=\"12433\" data-end=\"12491\">Double-sided PCB; precise control of trace dimensions.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div><p data-start=\"12493\" data-end=\"12573\">Use these as examples. Each project needs its own material and thickness choice.<\/p><hr data-start=\"12575\" data-end=\"12578\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12580\" data-end=\"12622\">High-Frequency PCB Material Requirements<\/h1><p data-start=\"12624\" data-end=\"12677\">Designers should check these key material properties:<\/p><ol data-start=\"12679\" data-end=\"13167\"><li data-start=\"12679\" data-end=\"12784\"><p data-start=\"12682\" data-end=\"12784\"><strong data-start=\"12682\" data-end=\"12720\">Dielectric loss (Df, loss tangent)<\/strong> must be very small. Small loss means less signal attenuation.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12785\" data-end=\"12884\"><p data-start=\"12788\" data-end=\"12884\"><strong data-start=\"12788\" data-end=\"12812\">Low water absorption<\/strong> is important. High water uptake changes dielectric constant and loss.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12885\" data-end=\"13021\"><p data-start=\"12888\" data-end=\"13021\"><strong data-start=\"12888\" data-end=\"12916\">Dielectric constant (DK)<\/strong> must be low and stable. Lower DK gives higher signal speed. DK stability also helps impedance control.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13022\" data-end=\"13167\"><p data-start=\"13025\" data-end=\"13167\"><strong data-start=\"13025\" data-end=\"13050\">CTE and thermal match<\/strong> between copper foil and base must be similar. Large mismatch over temperature changes can cause copper delamination.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13169\" data-end=\"13256\">High frequency often means use of fluoropolymer substrates like PTFE (known as Teflon).<\/p><hr data-start=\"13258\" data-end=\"13261\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13263\" data-end=\"13321\">Manufacturing Notes and Cautions for High-Frequency PCBs<\/h1><ol data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13843\"><li data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13424\"><p data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13424\"><strong data-start=\"13326\" data-end=\"13358\">Impedance control is strict.<\/strong> Line width tolerance is tight. Typical control tolerance ~ \u00b12%.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13425\" data-end=\"13580\"><p data-start=\"13428\" data-end=\"13580\"><strong data-start=\"13428\" data-end=\"13473\">PTH adhesion is low on special materials.<\/strong> Use plasma surface roughening for holes and surfaces to increase adhesion for plating and solder resist.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13581\" data-end=\"13711\"><p data-start=\"13584\" data-end=\"13711\"><strong data-start=\"13584\" data-end=\"13627\">Do not sand the board before soldering.<\/strong> This reduces adhesion. Use micro-etch solutions or other roughening methods only.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13712\" data-end=\"13843\"><p data-start=\"13715\" data-end=\"13843\"><strong data-start=\"13715\" data-end=\"13783\">PTFE boards often cause rough edges with standard milling tools.<\/strong> Use special milling bits and follow PTFE routing practices.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"13845\" data-end=\"13848\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13850\" data-end=\"13868\">Short Conclusion<\/h1><p data-start=\"13870\" data-end=\"14235\">High-frequency PCBs need special materials and careful process control. Choose a material that fits your frequency and thermal needs. Control impedance and place ground vias closely. Use shielding and correct power filtering. Follow special handling steps for PTFE and other microwave laminates. These steps improve performance and yield in high-frequency circuits.<\/p>","display_condition_list":[{"display_condition_login_status":"subscriber","_id":"18e069d"}]},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<section class=\\\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-brlk2x4 elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\\\" data-id=\\\"brlk2x4\\\" data-element_type=\\\"section\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-background-overlay\\\"><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\\\" data-id=\\\"7882748\\\" data-element_type=\\\"column\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"9fc6712\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"631b990\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Which substrate materials are commonly used for high-frequency PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\"><p>Typical materials include PTFE (Teflon)-based laminates and engineered composites from suppliers like Rogers (RO3000\\\/RO4000\\\/RT\\\/duroid) and Isola, chosen for low loss tangent and stable dielectric constant.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Why not just use FR-4 for RF\\\/high-frequency designs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\"><p>FR-4 has higher dielectric loss and less stable dielectric constant at GHz frequencies, which increases signal loss and impedance variability; for many RF or microwave applications, PTFE\\\/Rogers-class laminates perform much better.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What electrical properties matter most (Dk, loss tangent)?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\"><p>Dielectric constant (Dk) controls impedance and signal velocity; loss tangent (Df) governs signal attenuation. Low, stable Dk and low loss tangent are essential for consistent high-frequency performance.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Typical applications for high-frequency PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\"><p>Antennas, RF amplifiers, filters, 5G base stations, microwave radio links, satellite communications, radar, and high-speed RF modules.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">How do I choose the right high-frequency laminate?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\"><p>Match required frequency range, target impedance stability, thermal\\\/CTE needs, and loss tangent. Review supplier datasheets (Rogers, Isola, etc.) and request material test data (Dk\\\/Df vs frequency).<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-1909.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-1909.js"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"What Is a High-Frequency PCB A high-frequency PCB is a special printed circuit board (PCB) used for high electromagnetic frequency [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1909"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3345,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1909\/revisions\/3345"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1909"}],"curies":[{"name":"\u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u064a","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}