{"id":2439,"date":"2025-09-08T05:50:34","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T05:50:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=2439"},"modified":"2025-09-26T02:21:26","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T02:21:26","slug":"half-hole-process","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/pcb-manufacturer\/half-hole-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Polu-rupa na \u0161tampanoj plo\u010dici: Savjeti za dizajn i proizvodnju"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2439\" class=\"elementor elementor-2439\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57c7fef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"57c7fef\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22c756f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"22c756f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"46\" data-end=\"62\">Pregled<\/h2><p data-start=\"63\" data-end=\"325\">Elektroni\u010dki proizvodi postavljaju ve\u0107e zahtjeve pred tiskane plo\u010dice. Broj komponenti na plo\u010di brzo raste. Veli\u010dine komponenti postaju sve manje. Polu-rupe na tiskanim plo\u010dicama sve se vi\u0161e koriste jer se lako lemaju, zauzimaju malo prostora na modulu i podr\u017eavaju mnoge funkcije.<\/p><p data-start=\"63\" data-end=\"325\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2758 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Half-Hole-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"half-hole PCB\" width=\"500\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Half-Hole-PCBs.webp 500w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Half-Hole-PCBs-300x273.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"327\" data-end=\"358\">\u0160ta je polu-rupa na \u0161tampanoj plo\u010dici?<\/h2><p data-start=\"359\" data-end=\"837\">Metalni polu-otvor (ili polu-prorez) se pravi tako \u0161to se prvo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.protoexpress.com\/blog\/no-chilling-when-it-comes-to-pcb-drilling\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">bu\u0161enje<\/a> i metaliziranje rupe, zatim ponovno bu\u0161enje ili freziranje kako bi se rupa prepolovila. Jednostavno re\u010deno, to je metalizirana rupa na rubu plo\u010de prepolovljena. Proces rubne polumetalizirane rupe je zreo. U industriji tiskanih plo\u010dica ovo se tako\u0111er naziva \u201crupa veli\u010dine po\u0161tanske marke\u201d. Rub rupe mo\u017eete direktno zalemiti na glavnu plo\u010du. Time se \u0161tedi na konektorima i prostoru. \u010cesto se susre\u0107e u signalnim krugovima. Ve\u0107ina PCB-ova za module koristi polu-rupe.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"892\">Karakteristike metaliziranih PCB-ova s polupropusnim rupama<\/h3><ul data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"1094\"><li data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"922\"><p data-start=\"895\" data-end=\"922\">Jedinica je mala.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"1094\"><p data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"1094\">Rub jedinice ima red metaliziranih polu-rupa. Ova jedinica je podloga na mati\u010dnoj plo\u010di. Metalizirane polu-rupe se lemom spajaju na mati\u010dnu plo\u010du i na izvo\u0111e komponente.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2755 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Characteristics-of-metallized-half-hole-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"Characteristics of metallized half hole PCBs\" width=\"589\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Characteristics-of-metallized-half-hole-PCBs.webp 589w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Characteristics-of-metallized-half-hole-PCBs-300x181.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 589px) 100vw, 589px\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"1096\" data-end=\"1139\">Prednosti polu-rupe procesa<\/h2><ul data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"2093\"><li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1324\"><p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1324\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1168\">Pove\u0107ajte \u010dvrsto\u0107u jastu\u010di\u0107a.<\/strong> Dizajn polu-rupe mehani\u010dki oja\u010dava rubni kondenzator. Kod modularnih tiskanih plo\u010dica pobolj\u0161ava pouzdanost lemljenja. Pogodan je za primjenu u okru\u017eenjima visoke gusto\u0107e i visokih vibracija.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1577\"><p data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1577\"><strong data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1353\">Optimizirajte raspored prostora.<\/strong> Polupropusni otvori omogu\u0107avaju fleksibilnije postavljanje dijelova i manje zauzimaju prostor. Na primjer, kod Wi-Fi modula mo\u017eete lemiti rubni polupropusni otvor direktno na glavnu plo\u010du i smanjiti debljinu proizvoda za otprilike 60%. Ovo odgovara tankim ure\u0111ajima.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1578\" data-end=\"1802\"><p data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1802\"><strong data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1604\">Pojednostavite proizvodnju.<\/strong> Proces zahtijeva dodatne korake na po\u010detku (na primjer, bakarnu pozlatku i precizno razdvajanje), ali je sveukupno efikasniji od upotrebe tradicionalnih konektora. Tako\u0111er izbjegava kupovinu konektora.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2757\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/half-hole-Simplify-production.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/half-hole-Simplify-production.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/half-hole-Simplify-production-300x169.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1917\"><p data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1917\"><strong data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1828\">Pobolj\u0161ajte izgled.<\/strong> Rupe na rubu plo\u010dice \u010dine da izgleda urednije. To zadovoljava suvremene zahtjeve za izgledom proizvoda.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1918\" data-end=\"2093\"><p data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"2093\"><strong data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"1951\">Pobolj\u0161ajte performanse signala.<\/strong> U visokofrekventnim slu\u010dajevima (na primjer 5G) polurupe mogu smanjiti parazitsku kapacitivnost i smanjiti gubitak signala. To pove\u0107ava efikasnost prijenosa.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2126\">Te\u0161ko\u0107e u obradi<\/h2><ol data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"3157\"><li data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2357\"><p data-start=\"2130\" data-end=\"2357\">Nakon oblikovanja, metalizirane PCB plo\u010de s polu-otvorima \u010desto pokazuju probleme na zidovima rupa od bakra. To uklju\u010duje odvajanje bakra, tamni bakar, preostale \u017eljebove i pomicanje. Ovi problemi predstavljaju uobi\u010dajeni izazov za proizvo\u0111a\u010de PCB-a u fazi oblikovanja.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2604\"><p data-start=\"2361\" data-end=\"2604\">Puna linija polurupa nalik po\u0161tanskoj marki posebno je te\u0161ka. Veli\u010dina rupa je oko 0,6 mm. Razmak izme\u0111u rupa i njihovih zidova je oko 0,45 mm. Razmak uzoraka na vanjskom sloju je oko 2 mm. Mali razmaci olak\u0161avaju kratka spojena zbog Kuperove ko\u017ee.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2605\" data-end=\"3157\"><p data-start=\"2608\" data-end=\"3157\">Uobi\u010dajene metode oblikovanja metaliziranih polu-rupa na PCB-ovima uklju\u010duju CNC glodanje (glodalica), mehani\u010dko probijanje i V-rezanje. Kada ove metode uklanjaju nepotrebne dijelove oblo\u017eenih rupa, \u010desto ostavljaju bakrene niti i \u017eljebove na rezanim rubovima PTH (oblo\u017eenih prolaznih rupa). U ozbiljnim slu\u010dajevima bakar na zidovima rupa mo\u017ee se odvojiti ili lju\u0161titi. Tako\u0111er, tokom oblikovanja, \u0161irenje PCB-a, preciznost polo\u017eaja bu\u0161ilice i preciznost oblikovanja mogu uzrokovati da polurupe s lijeve i desne strane iste jedinice znatno razlikuju u veli\u010dini. To ote\u017eava klijentima lemljenje i monta\u017eu.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"3159\" data-end=\"3207\">Napomene za proces polu-rupa na PCB-u<\/h2><ul data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3417\"><li data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3417\"><p data-start=\"3210\" data-end=\"3417\">Sve pozicije polu-rupa na metaliziranim PCB-ovima moraju biti izbu\u0161ene nakon slikanja\/galvanizacije (ili nakon uzorkovane galvanizacije), i prije graviranja, tako da na svakom kraju polu-rupe presjeke bodova bude izbu\u0161ena rupa.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><ol data-start=\"3419\" data-end=\"4207\"><li data-start=\"3419\" data-end=\"3528\"><p data-start=\"3422\" data-end=\"3528\">Odjel za in\u017eenjering treba postaviti tok MI (uputstva za proizvodnju) za proces polu-rupe.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3529\" data-end=\"3780\"><p data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3780\">Za metalne polu-rupe koje se formiraju prvo bu\u0161enjem (ili fr\u00e9ziranjem), zatim platingom po uzorku, pa drugim bu\u0161enjem prije etsiranja, razmislite ho\u0107e li vanjsko oblikovanje (routing) izlo\u017eiti bakar. Ako je potrebno, pomaknite izbu\u0161enu polu-rupu prema unutra\u0161njosti jedinice.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3781\" data-end=\"4026\"><p data-start=\"3784\" data-end=\"4026\">Za rupu na desnoj strani (izbu\u0161ena polurupa):<br data-start=\"3828\" data-end=\"3831\" \/>a. Prvo izbu\u0161ite, zatim okrenite plo\u010du (ili je ogledajte) i izbu\u0161ite rupu na lijevoj strani.<br data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3920\" \/>b. Ovo smanjuje vu\u010denje burgija na bakar u rupi i sprje\u010dava gubitak bakra unutar polurupe.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4027\" data-end=\"4109\"><p data-start=\"4030\" data-end=\"4109\">Veli\u010dina burgija za polupolje ovisi o udaljenosti od konturne linije.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4110\" data-end=\"4207\"><p data-start=\"4113\" data-end=\"4207\">Nacrtajte film za masku za lemljenje. Za izrezane otvore dodajte zaustavne ta\u010dke i pove\u0107ajte prozore za 4 mil.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4229\">Tok procesa<\/h2><p data-start=\"4230\" data-end=\"4394\">Polurupa je metalizirana rupa izrezana na pola. Izgleda jednostavno jer biste mogli pomisliti da trebate samo izfr\u00e9zirati obris na obi\u010dnoj plo\u010di. Zapravo, to nije jednostavno.<\/p><ol data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"5929\"><li data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"4463\"><p data-start=\"4399\" data-end=\"4463\">Frezirajte polu-rubne rupe koriste\u0107i dvostruku V-oblikovanu putanju rezanja.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4464\" data-end=\"4653\"><p data-start=\"4467\" data-end=\"4653\">Za drugo bu\u0161enje dodajte vodi\u010dne rupe na rubu prekinute rupe. Rano uklonite bakreni sloj kako biste smanjili \u017eljebove. Pre\u0111ite s ravne svrdle na reza\u010d utora i optimizirajte brzinu vretena i napajanje.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4654\" data-end=\"4757\"><p data-start=\"4657\" data-end=\"4757\">Nanesite bakrenu prevlaku na plo\u010du tako da zidovi okrugle rupe na rubu plo\u010de dobiju sloj bakra.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4758\" data-end=\"5001\"><p data-start=\"4761\" data-end=\"5001\">Napravite vanjski sloj plo\u010dice tako \u0161to \u0107ete laminirati, izlagati i razvijati. Zatim nanesite drugo presvla\u010denje bakrom i kalajem kako bi sloj bakra na zidovima okrugle rupe na rubu postao deblji i bio prekriven slojem kalaja koji otporan na etsiranje.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5002\" data-end=\"5078\"><p data-start=\"5005\" data-end=\"5078\">Oblikujte polu-otvor tako \u0161to \u0107ete okrugli otvor na ivici plo\u010de prepoloviti.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5079\" data-end=\"5141\"><p data-start=\"5082\" data-end=\"5141\">Uklonite sloj otporni\u010dke folije koji je pritisnut tokom laminacije.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5142\" data-end=\"5218\"><p data-start=\"5145\" data-end=\"5218\">Gravirajte plo\u010du da uklonite izlo\u017eeni vanjski bakar koji je ostao nakon skidanja maske.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5298\"><p data-start=\"5222\" data-end=\"5298\">Ogoli lim na plo\u010di tako da bakar na zidu polu-rupe bude izlo\u017een.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5299\" data-end=\"5410\"><p data-start=\"5302\" data-end=\"5410\">Nakon formiranja, upotrijebite crvenu traku da dr\u017eite plo\u010dice jedinica zajedno. Pro\u0111ite ih kroz alkalno graviranje kako biste uklonili \u017eljebove.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5411\" data-end=\"5715\"><p data-start=\"5415\" data-end=\"5715\">Nakon \u0161to plo\u010da dobije drugu bakarnu i kalajnu prevlaku, prere\u017eite okrugli rubni otvor napola kako biste dobili polu-otvor. Budu\u0107i da je bakrena stijenka otvora prekrivena kalajem i potpuno povezana s bakrom vanjskog sloja, veza je \u010dvrsta. Rezanje potom sprje\u010dava podizanje ili lju\u0161tenje bakra.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5716\" data-end=\"5929\"><p data-start=\"5720\" data-end=\"5929\">Nakon \u0161to se formiranje polu-rupa zavr\u0161i, uklonite za\u0161titni sloj i zatim izgradiite. To sprje\u010dava oksidaciju bakra na povr\u0161ini i izbjegava ostatke bakra ili \u010dak kratka spojevanja. Pove\u0107ava iskoristivost metaliziranih polu-rupa na PCB-ovima.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4jc7z5m elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4jc7z5m\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\" data-id=\"7882748\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9fc6712\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010cesto postavljana pitanja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"631b990\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0160ta je polu-rupa (kaste\u013eirana) \u0161tampana plo\u010dica?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\"><p>Polurupa (kastelirana) je presvu\u010dena provrta koja se bru\u0161i ili re\u017ee tako da na rubu plo\u010de ostane samo polovina rupe. Ona stvara polukru\u017enu presvu\u010denu plo\u010dicu koja se koristi za lemljenje modula ili za povezivanje plo\u010da.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Kako se izra\u0111uju oblo\u017eene polu-rupe (pregled procesa)?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\"><p>Proizvodnja obi\u010dno bu\u0161i potpuno oblo\u017eene rupe, potom ih prevla\u010di slojem, a zatim profiliranjem (freziranjem) ivice plo\u010de otkriva polovicu svake oblo\u017eene rupe. Rezultat je oblo\u017eena polukru\u017ena plo\u010dica du\u017e ivice.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Koje su glavne primjene polurupa?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\"><p>Uobi\u010dajene primjene: plo\u010dice za izlazak modula (Bluetooth\/Wi-Fi moduli), lemljeni spojevi plo\u010dica, kompaktni modularni sistemi i situacije gdje se konektori \u017eele eliminisati.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1034\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1034\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Tipi\u010dne minimalne veli\u010dine i razmak \u2014 \u0161ta o\u010dekivati?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1034\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1034\"><p>Da \u2014 \u0161iroko se koriste za kompaktne module i plo\u010dice za razdvajanje sa finim razmakom, ali dizajn mora uzeti u obzir veli\u010dinu padova, oblik kapice kalaja i pona\u0161anje pri refluksnom lemljenju.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1035\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1035\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Kako da dostavim datoteke proizvo\u0111a\u010du?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1035\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1035\"><p>Uklju\u010dite Gerber i PTH datoteke, jasno ozna\u010dite nazubljene rupe na mehani\u010dkom sloju ili u napomenama, navedite \u017eeljenu zavr\u0161nu obradu (npr. ENIG) i zatra\u017eite DFM povratne informacije od fabrika.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview Electronic products place higher demands on printed circuit boards. Parts on the board grow rapidly in number. The part [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":["builder"],"_elementor_template_type":["wp-page"],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"57c7fef\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"0c217f1\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"22c756f\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<h2 data-start=\\\"46\\\" data-end=\\\"62\\\">Overview<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"63\\\" data-end=\\\"325\\\">Electronic products place higher demands on printed circuit boards. Parts on the board grow rapidly in number. The part sizes get smaller. Half-hole PCBs are used more and more because they are easy to solder, take little module area, and support many functions.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"63\\\" data-end=\\\"325\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone wp-image-2758 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Half-Hole-PCBs.webp\\\" alt=\\\"half-hole PCB\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"455\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"327\\\" data-end=\\\"358\\\">What is a half-hole PCB<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"359\\\" data-end=\\\"837\\\">A metal half-hole (or half-slot) is made by first <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.protoexpress.com\\\/blog\\\/no-chilling-when-it-comes-to-pcb-drilling\\\/\\\">drilling<\\\/a> and metallizing a hole, then drilling or routing again to cut the hole in half. Simply put, it is a metallized hole at the board edge cut in half. The edge half-metallized hole process is mature. In the PCB industry this is also called a \\u201cpostage-stamp hole.\\u201d You can solder the hole edge directly to the main board. This saves connectors and space. You often see it in signal circuits. Most module PCBs use half-holes.<\\\/p><h3 data-start=\\\"839\\\" data-end=\\\"892\\\">Characteristics of metallized half-hole PCBs<\\\/h3><ul data-start=\\\"893\\\" data-end=\\\"1094\\\"><li data-start=\\\"893\\\" data-end=\\\"922\\\"><p data-start=\\\"895\\\" data-end=\\\"922\\\">The single unit is small.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"923\\\" data-end=\\\"1094\\\"><p data-start=\\\"925\\\" data-end=\\\"1094\\\">The unit edge has a row of metallized half-holes. This unit is a subboard of a parent board. The metallized half-holes solder to the parent board and to component leads.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p><img class=\\\"alignnone wp-image-2755 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Characteristics-of-metallized-half-hole-PCBs.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Characteristics of metallized half hole PCBs\\\" width=\\\"589\\\" height=\\\"356\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"1096\\\" data-end=\\\"1139\\\">Advantages of the half-hole process<\\\/h2><ul data-start=\\\"1140\\\" data-end=\\\"2093\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1140\\\" data-end=\\\"1324\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1142\\\" data-end=\\\"1324\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1142\\\" data-end=\\\"1168\\\">Increase pad strength.<\\\/strong> The half-hole design strengthens the edge pad mechanically. In modular PCBs it improves solder reliability. It fits high-density and high-vibration uses.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1325\\\" data-end=\\\"1577\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1327\\\" data-end=\\\"1577\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1327\\\" data-end=\\\"1353\\\">Optimize space layout.<\\\/strong> Half-holes let you place parts more flexibly and use less space. For example, in a Wi-Fi module you can solder the edge half-hole directly to the main board and cut product thickness by about 60%. This suits thin devices.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1578\\\" data-end=\\\"1802\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1580\\\" data-end=\\\"1802\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1580\\\" data-end=\\\"1604\\\">Simplify production.<\\\/strong> The process needs extra steps early on (for example, copper plating and precise singulation), but overall it is more efficient than using traditional connectors. It also avoids buying connectors.<img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2757\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/half-hole-Simplify-production.webp\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"338\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1803\\\" data-end=\\\"1917\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1805\\\" data-end=\\\"1917\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1805\\\" data-end=\\\"1828\\\">Improve appearance.<\\\/strong> Edge half-holes make the PCB look cleaner. This meets modern product appearance needs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1918\\\" data-end=\\\"2093\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1920\\\" data-end=\\\"2093\\\"><strong data-start=\\\"1920\\\" data-end=\\\"1951\\\">Enhance signal performance.<\\\/strong> In high-frequency cases (for example 5G) half-holes can lower parasitic capacitance and cut signal loss. This raises transmission efficiency.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"2095\\\" data-end=\\\"2126\\\">Processing difficulties<\\\/h2><ol data-start=\\\"2127\\\" data-end=\\\"3157\\\"><li data-start=\\\"2127\\\" data-end=\\\"2357\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2130\\\" data-end=\\\"2357\\\">After forming, metallized half-hole PCBs often show problems in the hole wall copper. These include copper lift, dark copper, leftover burrs, and offset. These issues are a common challenge for PCB makers in the forming step.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2358\\\" data-end=\\\"2604\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2361\\\" data-end=\\\"2604\\\">A full row of postage-stamp-like half-holes is especially hard. The hole size is about 0.6 mm. The hole-wall gap is about 0.45 mm. The outer layer pattern spacing is about 2 mm. The small gaps make short circuits easy because of copper skin.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2605\\\" data-end=\\\"3157\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2608\\\" data-end=\\\"3157\\\">Common forming methods for metallized half-hole PCBs include CNC milling (router), mechanical punching, and V-cut. When these methods remove unneeded parts of the plated holes, they often leave copper threads and burrs on the cut PTH (plated through hole) edges. In serious cases the hole wall copper can lift or peel off. Also, during forming, PCB expansion, drill position accuracy, and forming precision can cause the half-holes on the left and right of the same unit to differ a lot in size. This makes soldering and assembly hard for customers.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 data-start=\\\"3159\\\" data-end=\\\"3207\\\">Points to note for half-hole PCB process<\\\/h2><ul data-start=\\\"3208\\\" data-end=\\\"3417\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3208\\\" data-end=\\\"3417\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3210\\\" data-end=\\\"3417\\\">All metallized half-hole PCB hole positions must be drilled after imaging\\\/plating (or after pattern plating), and before etching, so that at each end of the half-hole the crossing points have a drilled hole.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><ol data-start=\\\"3419\\\" data-end=\\\"4207\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3419\\\" data-end=\\\"3528\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3422\\\" data-end=\\\"3528\\\">The engineering department should set the MI (manufacturing instruction) flow for the half-hole process.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3529\\\" data-end=\\\"3780\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3532\\\" data-end=\\\"3780\\\">For metal half-holes that are formed by first drilling (or routing), then pattern plating, then a second drill before etch, think about whether outer shape routing will expose copper. Move the drilled half-hole toward the unit interior if needed.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3781\\\" data-end=\\\"4026\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3784\\\" data-end=\\\"4026\\\">For the right-side hole (drilled half-hole):<br data-start=\\\"3828\\\" data-end=\\\"3831\\\" \\\/>a. Drill it first, then flip the board (or mirror it) and drill the left-side hole.<br data-start=\\\"3917\\\" data-end=\\\"3920\\\" \\\/>b. This reduces the drill bit pulling on the hole copper and avoids copper loss inside the half-hole.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4027\\\" data-end=\\\"4109\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4030\\\" data-end=\\\"4109\\\">The drill size for the half-hole depends on the distance to the outline line.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4110\\\" data-end=\\\"4207\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4113\\\" data-end=\\\"4207\\\">Draw the solder mask film. For routed openings, add stop points and enlarge windows by 4 mils.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 data-start=\\\"4209\\\" data-end=\\\"4229\\\">Process flow<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"4230\\\" data-end=\\\"4394\\\">A half-hole is a metallized hole cut in half. It looks simple because you might think you only need to mill the outline on a normal board. In fact it is not simple.<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"4396\\\" data-end=\\\"5929\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4396\\\" data-end=\\\"4463\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4399\\\" data-end=\\\"4463\\\">Mill the half edge holes using a double V-shaped cutting path.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4464\\\" data-end=\\\"4653\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4467\\\" data-end=\\\"4653\\\">For the second drill, add guide holes at the broken hole edge. Remove copper skin early to reduce burrs. Switch from straight drill to slot cutter, and optimize spindle speed and feed.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4654\\\" data-end=\\\"4757\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4657\\\" data-end=\\\"4757\\\">Apply copper plating to the board so the round hole walls at the board edge get a layer of copper.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4758\\\" data-end=\\\"5001\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4761\\\" data-end=\\\"5001\\\">Make the outer layer circuit by laminating, exposing, and developing. Then do a second copper plating and tin plating so the copper layer on the round hole walls at the edge gets thicker and is covered by a tin layer that resists etching.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5002\\\" data-end=\\\"5078\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5005\\\" data-end=\\\"5078\\\">Form the half-hole by cutting the round hole at the board edge in half.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5079\\\" data-end=\\\"5141\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5082\\\" data-end=\\\"5141\\\">Strip the resist film that was pressed during lamination.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5142\\\" data-end=\\\"5218\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5145\\\" data-end=\\\"5218\\\">Etch the board to remove the exposed outer copper left after stripping.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5219\\\" data-end=\\\"5298\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5222\\\" data-end=\\\"5298\\\">Strip the tin on the board so the copper on the half-hole wall is exposed.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5299\\\" data-end=\\\"5410\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5302\\\" data-end=\\\"5410\\\">After forming, use red tape to hold unit boards together. Pass them through alkaline etch to remove burrs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5411\\\" data-end=\\\"5715\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5415\\\" data-end=\\\"5715\\\">After the board gets a second copper plating and tin plating, cut the round edge hole in half to make the half-hole. Because the hole wall copper is covered by tin and the hole wall copper is fully connected to the outer layer copper, the bond is strong. Cutting then avoids copper lift or peeling.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5716\\\" data-end=\\\"5929\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5720\\\" data-end=\\\"5929\\\">After the half-hole forming is done, strip the resist and then etch. This prevents copper surface oxidation and avoids leftover copper or even short circuits. 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class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-57c7fef e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\\\" data-id=\\\"57c7fef\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-con-inner\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"22c756f","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<h2 data-start=\"46\" data-end=\"62\">Overview<\/h2><p data-start=\"63\" data-end=\"325\">Electronic products place higher demands on printed circuit boards. Parts on the board grow rapidly in number. The part sizes get smaller. Half-hole PCBs are used more and more because they are easy to solder, take little module area, and support many functions.<\/p><p data-start=\"63\" data-end=\"325\"><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2758 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Half-Hole-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"half-hole PCB\" width=\"500\" height=\"455\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"327\" data-end=\"358\">What is a half-hole PCB<\/h2><p data-start=\"359\" data-end=\"837\">A metal half-hole (or half-slot) is made by first <a href=\"https:\/\/www.protoexpress.com\/blog\/no-chilling-when-it-comes-to-pcb-drilling\/\">drilling<\/a> and metallizing a hole, then drilling or routing again to cut the hole in half. Simply put, it is a metallized hole at the board edge cut in half. The edge half-metallized hole process is mature. In the PCB industry this is also called a \u201cpostage-stamp hole.\u201d You can solder the hole edge directly to the main board. This saves connectors and space. You often see it in signal circuits. Most module PCBs use half-holes.<\/p><h3 data-start=\"839\" data-end=\"892\">Characteristics of metallized half-hole PCBs<\/h3><ul data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"1094\"><li data-start=\"893\" data-end=\"922\"><p data-start=\"895\" data-end=\"922\">The single unit is small.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"923\" data-end=\"1094\"><p data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"1094\">The unit edge has a row of metallized half-holes. This unit is a subboard of a parent board. The metallized half-holes solder to the parent board and to component leads.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-2755 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Characteristics-of-metallized-half-hole-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"Characteristics of metallized half hole PCBs\" width=\"589\" height=\"356\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"1096\" data-end=\"1139\">Advantages of the half-hole process<\/h2><ul data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"2093\"><li data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1324\"><p data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1324\"><strong data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1168\">Increase pad strength.<\/strong> The half-hole design strengthens the edge pad mechanically. In modular PCBs it improves solder reliability. It fits high-density and high-vibration uses.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1577\"><p data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1577\"><strong data-start=\"1327\" data-end=\"1353\">Optimize space layout.<\/strong> Half-holes let you place parts more flexibly and use less space. For example, in a Wi-Fi module you can solder the edge half-hole directly to the main board and cut product thickness by about 60%. This suits thin devices.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1578\" data-end=\"1802\"><p data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1802\"><strong data-start=\"1580\" data-end=\"1604\">Simplify production.<\/strong> The process needs extra steps early on (for example, copper plating and precise singulation), but overall it is more efficient than using traditional connectors. It also avoids buying connectors.<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2757\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/half-hole-Simplify-production.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1803\" data-end=\"1917\"><p data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1917\"><strong data-start=\"1805\" data-end=\"1828\">Improve appearance.<\/strong> Edge half-holes make the PCB look cleaner. This meets modern product appearance needs.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1918\" data-end=\"2093\"><p data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"2093\"><strong data-start=\"1920\" data-end=\"1951\">Enhance signal performance.<\/strong> In high-frequency cases (for example 5G) half-holes can lower parasitic capacitance and cut signal loss. This raises transmission efficiency.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"2095\" data-end=\"2126\">Processing difficulties<\/h2><ol data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"3157\"><li data-start=\"2127\" data-end=\"2357\"><p data-start=\"2130\" data-end=\"2357\">After forming, metallized half-hole PCBs often show problems in the hole wall copper. These include copper lift, dark copper, leftover burrs, and offset. These issues are a common challenge for PCB makers in the forming step.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2604\"><p data-start=\"2361\" data-end=\"2604\">A full row of postage-stamp-like half-holes is especially hard. The hole size is about 0.6 mm. The hole-wall gap is about 0.45 mm. The outer layer pattern spacing is about 2 mm. The small gaps make short circuits easy because of copper skin.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2605\" data-end=\"3157\"><p data-start=\"2608\" data-end=\"3157\">Common forming methods for metallized half-hole PCBs include CNC milling (router), mechanical punching, and V-cut. When these methods remove unneeded parts of the plated holes, they often leave copper threads and burrs on the cut PTH (plated through hole) edges. In serious cases the hole wall copper can lift or peel off. Also, during forming, PCB expansion, drill position accuracy, and forming precision can cause the half-holes on the left and right of the same unit to differ a lot in size. This makes soldering and assembly hard for customers.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"3159\" data-end=\"3207\">Points to note for half-hole PCB process<\/h2><ul data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3417\"><li data-start=\"3208\" data-end=\"3417\"><p data-start=\"3210\" data-end=\"3417\">All metallized half-hole PCB hole positions must be drilled after imaging\/plating (or after pattern plating), and before etching, so that at each end of the half-hole the crossing points have a drilled hole.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><ol data-start=\"3419\" data-end=\"4207\"><li data-start=\"3419\" data-end=\"3528\"><p data-start=\"3422\" data-end=\"3528\">The engineering department should set the MI (manufacturing instruction) flow for the half-hole process.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3529\" data-end=\"3780\"><p data-start=\"3532\" data-end=\"3780\">For metal half-holes that are formed by first drilling (or routing), then pattern plating, then a second drill before etch, think about whether outer shape routing will expose copper. Move the drilled half-hole toward the unit interior if needed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3781\" data-end=\"4026\"><p data-start=\"3784\" data-end=\"4026\">For the right-side hole (drilled half-hole):<br data-start=\"3828\" data-end=\"3831\" \/>a. Drill it first, then flip the board (or mirror it) and drill the left-side hole.<br data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3920\" \/>b. This reduces the drill bit pulling on the hole copper and avoids copper loss inside the half-hole.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4027\" data-end=\"4109\"><p data-start=\"4030\" data-end=\"4109\">The drill size for the half-hole depends on the distance to the outline line.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4110\" data-end=\"4207\"><p data-start=\"4113\" data-end=\"4207\">Draw the solder mask film. For routed openings, add stop points and enlarge windows by 4 mils.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"4209\" data-end=\"4229\">Process flow<\/h2><p data-start=\"4230\" data-end=\"4394\">A half-hole is a metallized hole cut in half. It looks simple because you might think you only need to mill the outline on a normal board. In fact it is not simple.<\/p><ol data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"5929\"><li data-start=\"4396\" data-end=\"4463\"><p data-start=\"4399\" data-end=\"4463\">Mill the half edge holes using a double V-shaped cutting path.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4464\" data-end=\"4653\"><p data-start=\"4467\" data-end=\"4653\">For the second drill, add guide holes at the broken hole edge. Remove copper skin early to reduce burrs. Switch from straight drill to slot cutter, and optimize spindle speed and feed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4654\" data-end=\"4757\"><p data-start=\"4657\" data-end=\"4757\">Apply copper plating to the board so the round hole walls at the board edge get a layer of copper.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4758\" data-end=\"5001\"><p data-start=\"4761\" data-end=\"5001\">Make the outer layer circuit by laminating, exposing, and developing. Then do a second copper plating and tin plating so the copper layer on the round hole walls at the edge gets thicker and is covered by a tin layer that resists etching.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5002\" data-end=\"5078\"><p data-start=\"5005\" data-end=\"5078\">Form the half-hole by cutting the round hole at the board edge in half.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5079\" data-end=\"5141\"><p data-start=\"5082\" data-end=\"5141\">Strip the resist film that was pressed during lamination.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5142\" data-end=\"5218\"><p data-start=\"5145\" data-end=\"5218\">Etch the board to remove the exposed outer copper left after stripping.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5219\" data-end=\"5298\"><p data-start=\"5222\" data-end=\"5298\">Strip the tin on the board so the copper on the half-hole wall is exposed.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5299\" data-end=\"5410\"><p data-start=\"5302\" data-end=\"5410\">After forming, use red tape to hold unit boards together. Pass them through alkaline etch to remove burrs.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5411\" data-end=\"5715\"><p data-start=\"5415\" data-end=\"5715\">After the board gets a second copper plating and tin plating, cut the round edge hole in half to make the half-hole. Because the hole wall copper is covered by tin and the hole wall copper is fully connected to the outer layer copper, the bond is strong. Cutting then avoids copper lift or peeling.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5716\" data-end=\"5929\"><p data-start=\"5720\" data-end=\"5929\">After the half-hole forming is done, strip the resist and then etch. This prevents copper surface oxidation and avoids leftover copper or even short circuits. It raises the yield for metallized half-hole PCBs.<\/p><\/li><\/ol>","display_condition_list":[{"display_condition_login_status":"subscriber","_id":"d5db85f"}]},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<section class=\\\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4jc7z5m elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\\\" data-id=\\\"4jc7z5m\\\" data-element_type=\\\"section\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-background-overlay\\\"><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\\\" data-id=\\\"7882748\\\" data-element_type=\\\"column\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"9fc6712\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"631b990\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What is a half-hole (castellated) PCB?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\"><p>A half-hole (castellated) is a plated through-hole that is milled or routed so only half the hole remains at the board edge. It creates a semi-circular plated pad used for soldering modules or board-to-board connections.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">How are plated half-holes made (process overview)?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\"><p>Manufacturing typically drills full plated holes, plates them, then profiles (mills) the board edge to expose half of each plated hole. The result is a plated semi-circular pad along the edge.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What are the main applications of half-holes?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\"><p>Common uses: module breakout boards (Bluetooth\\\/Wi-Fi modules), board-to-board solder connections, compact modular systems, and situations where connectors are to be eliminated.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Typical minimum sizes and spacing \\u2014 what to expect?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\"><p>Yes \\u2014 they are widely used for compact modules and fine-pitch breakout boards, but design must consider pad size, solder fillet, and solder-reflow behaviour.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">How should I provide files to the manufacturer?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\"><p>Include Gerber + drill (PTH) files, clearly mark castellated holes in mechanical layer or notes, supply desired finish (e.g., ENIG), and request the fab\\u2019s DFM feedback.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-2439.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-2439.js"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Overview Electronic products place higher demands on printed circuit boards. Parts on the board grow rapidly in number. The part [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2439","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2439"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2439\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3375,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2439\/revisions\/3375"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/bs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}