{"id":1921,"date":"2025-08-25T02:26:59","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T02:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=1921"},"modified":"2025-09-26T09:20:59","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T09:20:59","slug":"bga-assmebly","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-assembly\/bga-assmebly\/","title":{"rendered":"Mont\u00e1\u017e BGA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1921\" class=\"elementor elementor-1921\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ca6a79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2ca6a79\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48d66a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48d66a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 data-start=\"299\" data-end=\"314\">P\u0159edmluva<\/h2><p data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"452\">V\u00fdzkum technologie BGA byl zah\u00e1jen v 60. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. Jako prvn\u00ed ji pou\u017eila spole\u010dnost IBM ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. BGA se v\u0161ak za\u010dala pou\u017e\u00edvat a\u017e na po\u010d\u00e1tku 90. let 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/p><p data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"452\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3456\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA_1.webp\" alt=\"BGA\" width=\"400\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA_1.webp 400w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA_1-286x300.webp 286w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"454\" data-end=\"1182\">V 80. letech 20. stolet\u00ed lid\u00e9 cht\u011bli men\u0161\u00ed elektronick\u00e9 obvody a v\u00edce vstupn\u011b-v\u00fdstupn\u00edch pin\u016f. <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\">Technologie povrchov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee (SMT)<\/a> Obvodov\u00e1 sestava se vyzna\u010dovala t\u00edm, \u017ee byla lehk\u00e1, tenk\u00e1, kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 a mal\u00e1. SMT tak\u00e9 p\u0159ineslo vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u017eadavky na rozte\u010d v\u00fdvod\u016f a koplanaritu u sou\u010d\u00e1stek s mnoha v\u00fdvody. Vzhledem k omezen\u00edm v p\u0159esnosti obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed, vyrobitelnosti, cen\u011b a procesu mont\u00e1\u017ee se v\u0161ak za hranici rozte\u010de pro sou\u010d\u00e1stky QFP (Quad Flat Pack) obecn\u011b pova\u017eovalo 0,3 mm. Tento limit zna\u010dn\u011b omezoval v\u00fdvoj mont\u00e1\u017ee s vysokou hustotou. Sou\u010d\u00e1stky QFP s jemnou rozte\u010d\u00ed tak\u00e9 vy\u017eadovaly p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed postupy. To omezovalo jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se n\u011bkter\u00e9 americk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti zam\u011b\u0159ily na v\u00fdvoj a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stek BGA. Pova\u017eovaly BGA za lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e QFP pro pot\u0159eby vysok\u00e9 hustoty.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"1184\" data-end=\"1209\">Co je BGA?<\/h2><p data-start=\"1211\" data-end=\"1560\">BGA je zkratka pro Ball Grid Array. V tomto pouzdru jsou p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky um\u00edst\u011bny v m\u0159\u00ed\u017ece na spodn\u00ed stran\u011b substr\u00e1tu pouzdra. Tyto kuli\u010dky slou\u017e\u00ed jako vstupn\u011b-v\u00fdstupn\u00ed spoje mezi za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm a deskou s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji (PCB). Sou\u010d\u00e1stky balen\u00e9 touto metodou jsou za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro povrchovou mont\u00e1\u017e. Ran\u00e9 procesory pou\u017e\u00edvaly pouzdra DIP, podobn\u011b jako dnes n\u011bkter\u00e9 velmi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed mikrokontrol\u00e9ry.<\/p><p data-start=\"1562\" data-end=\"2114\">V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k rychl\u00e9mu rozvoji elektronick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu, jsou po\u010d\u00edta\u010de a mobiln\u00ed telefony b\u011b\u017enou z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed od elektronick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f v\u00edce funkc\u00ed a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon, ale tak\u00e9 men\u0161\u00ed rozm\u011bry a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hmotnost. To vede v\u00fdrobky k tomu, aby m\u011bly v\u00edce funkc\u00ed, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon a men\u0161\u00ed rozm\u011bry. Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 tento c\u00edl splnit, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt \u010dipy integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f st\u00e1le men\u0161\u00ed a slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pak roste po\u010det vstup\u016f a v\u00fdstup\u016f obvod\u016f a zvy\u0161uje se hustota vstup\u016f a v\u00fdstup\u016f v balen\u00ed. Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 tomuto trendu vyhov\u011bt, byly vytvo\u0159eny pokro\u010dil\u00e9 obalov\u00e9 technologie s vysokou hustotou. Jednou z t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed je balen\u00ed BGA.<\/p><p data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2525\">Ze v\u0161ech typ\u016f integrovan\u00fdch obvod\u016f zaznamenal BGA v letech 1996-2001 nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed r\u016fst. V roce 1999 \u010dinila v\u00fdroba BGA p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 miliardu kus\u016f. Do dne\u0161n\u00edho dne je tato technologie st\u00e1le ur\u010dena p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s vysokou hustotou a v\u00fdkonem. Nad\u00e1le se p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed na jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozte\u010de a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010dty vstup\u016f a v\u00fdstup\u016f. Balen\u00ed BGA se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlavn\u011b pro \u010dipov\u00e9 sady PC, mikroprocesory\/\u0159adi\u010de, ASIC, hradlov\u00e1 pole, pam\u011bti, DSP, PDA, PLD a podobn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"2527\" data-end=\"2591\">Typy BGA podle obalov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu<\/h2><p data-start=\"2593\" data-end=\"2651\">V z\u00e1vislosti na materi\u00e1lu obalu se BGA za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed skl\u00e1daj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2776\"><li data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2673\"><p data-start=\"2655\" data-end=\"2673\">PBGA (plastov\u00fd BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2674\" data-end=\"2694\"><p data-start=\"2676\" data-end=\"2694\">CBGA (Ceramic BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2695\" data-end=\"2723\"><p data-start=\"2697\" data-end=\"2723\">CCBGA (Ceramic Column BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2724\" data-end=\"2741\"><p data-start=\"2726\" data-end=\"2741\">TBGA (Tape BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2742\" data-end=\"2776\"><p data-start=\"2744\" data-end=\"2776\">CSP (Chip Scale Package nebo \u03bcBGA)<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"2778\" data-end=\"2839\">PBGA - Plastic Ball Grid Array<\/h2><p data-start=\"2841\" data-end=\"3156\">PBGA pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako substr\u00e1t lamin\u00e1t BT prysky\u0159ice \/ sklo. Obal je ut\u011bsn\u011bn plastem (epoxidovou formovac\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed). P\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky mohou b\u00fdt z olovnat\u00fdch slitin (nap\u0159. 63Sn37Pb, 62Sn36Pb2Ag) nebo bezolovnat\u00fdch slitin (nap\u0159. Sn96,5Ag3Cu0,5). P\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky a t\u011blo pouzdra jsou spojeny bez p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1jky.<\/p><p data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3392\">N\u011bkter\u00e1 pouzdra PBGA maj\u00ed dutinu. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed se ve verz\u00edch \u201cdutinou nahoru\u201d a \u201cdutinou dol\u016f\u201d. Tyto pouzdra PBGA s dutinou zlep\u0161uj\u00ed odvod tepla a naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed se tepeln\u011b vylep\u0161en\u00e9 BGA nebo EBGA. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed je tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed CPBGA (Cavity Plastic BGA).<\/p><h3>V\u00fdhody PBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3833\"><li data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3639\"><p data-start=\"3418\" data-end=\"3639\">Dobr\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 shoda s deskou plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Lamin\u00e1t BT z prysky\u0159ice a skla v PBGA m\u00e1 koeficient tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti (CTE) p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 14 ppm\/\u00b0C. Mnoho desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f m\u00e1 CTE kolem 17 ppm\/\u00b0C. Ob\u011b hodnoty jsou si bl\u00edzk\u00e9. Tepeln\u00e1 shoda je tedy dobr\u00e1.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3640\" data-end=\"3788\"><p data-start=\"3643\" data-end=\"3788\">P\u0159i p\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u0159etaven\u00edm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 PBGA samovyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edho efektu p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek. Povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed roztaven\u00e9 p\u00e1jky pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyrovnat kuli\u010dky na podlo\u017eky.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3789\" data-end=\"3801\"><p data-start=\"3792\" data-end=\"3801\">N\u00edzk\u00e9 n\u00e1klady.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3802\" data-end=\"3833\"><p data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3833\">Dobr\u00fd elektrick\u00fd v\u00fdkon.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Nev\u00fdhoda PBGA:<\/h3><ul data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"3960\"><li data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"3960\"><p data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"3960\">Citliv\u00fd na vlhkost. Nen\u00ed vhodn\u00fd pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed hermetick\u00e9 ut\u011bsn\u011bn\u00ed nebo velmi vysokou spolehlivost.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"3962\" data-end=\"4024\">CBGA - Keramick\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017eky<\/h2><p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4423\">CBGA m\u00e1 mezi rodinami BGA nejdel\u0161\u00ed historii. Jej\u00edm substr\u00e1tem je v\u00edcevrstv\u00e1 keramika. Kovov\u00e9 v\u00edko je k substr\u00e1tu p\u0159ipojeno pomoc\u00ed t\u011bsnic\u00ed p\u00e1jky, kter\u00e1 chr\u00e1n\u00ed matrici, spoje vodi\u010d\u016f a podlo\u017eky. Materi\u00e1lem p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek pro tento obal je vysokoteplotn\u00ed slitina ozna\u010den\u00e1 ve zdrojov\u00e9m textu jako 10Sn90Pb. Pro spojen\u00ed mezi kuli\u010dkami a t\u011blem pouzdra se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 slitina pro ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed teploty, nap\u0159\u00edklad 63Sn37Pb.<\/p><p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4423\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3457\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/CBGA.webp\" alt=\"CBGA\" width=\"492\" height=\"271\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/CBGA.webp 492w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/CBGA-300x165.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 492px) 100vw, 492px\" \/><\/p><h3>V\u00fdhody CBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"4446\" data-end=\"4655\"><li data-start=\"4446\" data-end=\"4537\"><p data-start=\"4449\" data-end=\"4537\">Dobr\u00e1 hermeti\u010dnost a vysok\u00e1 odolnost proti vlhkosti. To zaji\u0161\u0165uje vysokou dlouhodobou spolehlivost.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4538\" data-end=\"4580\"><p data-start=\"4541\" data-end=\"4580\">Lep\u0161\u00ed elektrick\u00e1 izolace ne\u017e PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4581\" data-end=\"4617\"><p data-start=\"4584\" data-end=\"4617\">Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hustota balen\u00ed ne\u017e PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4618\" data-end=\"4655\"><p data-start=\"4621\" data-end=\"4655\">Lep\u0161\u00ed odvod tepla ne\u017e PBGA.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Nev\u00fdhody CBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"4681\" data-end=\"4894\"><li data-start=\"4681\" data-end=\"4805\"><p data-start=\"4684\" data-end=\"4805\">CTE keramick\u00e9ho substr\u00e1tu a PCB se zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed. Tepeln\u00fd nesoulad je \u0161patn\u00fd. \u00danava p\u00e1jec\u00edho spoje je hlavn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem poruchy.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4806\" data-end=\"4831\"><p data-start=\"4809\" data-end=\"4831\">Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady ne\u017e u PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4832\" data-end=\"4894\"><p data-start=\"4835\" data-end=\"4894\">Vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek v bl\u00edzkosti okraje pouzdra je obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"4896\" data-end=\"4951\">TBGA - Tape Ball Grid Array (p\u00e1skov\u00e9 kuli\u010dkov\u00e9 pole)<\/h2><p data-start=\"4953\" data-end=\"5613\">TBGA je pouzdro s dutinou. V TBGA existuj\u00ed dva zp\u016fsoby p\u0159ipojen\u00ed matrice k substr\u00e1tu: p\u00e1jen\u00ed flip-chipem a dr\u00e1tov\u00e9 p\u00e1jen\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b flip-chip se die lep\u00ed na v\u00edcevrstvou ohebnou p\u00e1sku s vodi\u010di. Pod pru\u017enou p\u00e1skou jsou um\u00edst\u011bny p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky perifern\u00edho pole, kter\u00e9 slou\u017e\u00ed jako vstupn\u011b-v\u00fdstupn\u00ed svorky obvodu. Tlust\u00e9 t\u011bsnic\u00ed v\u00edko slou\u017e\u00ed jako chladi\u010d i v\u00fdztu\u017e. D\u00edky tomu jsou p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky pod pru\u017en\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem v\u00edce koplan\u00e1rn\u00ed. Matrice je v dutin\u011b spojena s m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fdm rozvad\u011b\u010dem tepla. Podlo\u017eky matrice a podlo\u017eky pru\u017en\u00e9 p\u00e1sky jsou spojeny spojovac\u00edmi vodi\u010di. T\u011bsnic\u00ed hmota zapouzd\u0159\u00ed matrici, vodi\u010de a pru\u017en\u00e9 p\u00e1skov\u00e9 podlo\u017eky (zalit\u00edm nebo pota\u017een\u00edm).<\/p><h3>V\u00fdhody TBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5919\"><li data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5713\"><p data-start=\"5639\" data-end=\"5713\">Pru\u017en\u00e1 p\u00e1ska v obalu l\u00e9pe odpov\u00edd\u00e1 tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5714\" data-end=\"5837\"><p data-start=\"5717\" data-end=\"5837\">P\u0159i p\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u0159etaven\u00edm lze vyu\u017e\u00edt samovyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edho \u00fa\u010dinku p\u00e1jky. Povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed roztaven\u00fdch kuli\u010dek pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vyrovnat kuli\u010dky na podlo\u017eky.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5838\" data-end=\"5881\"><p data-start=\"5841\" data-end=\"5881\">TBGA je nejekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pouzdrem BGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5882\" data-end=\"5919\"><p data-start=\"5885\" data-end=\"5919\">Lep\u0161\u00ed odvod tepla ne\u017e PBGA.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Nev\u00fdhody TBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"5945\" data-end=\"6041\"><li data-start=\"5945\" data-end=\"5970\"><p data-start=\"5948\" data-end=\"5970\">Citliv\u00fd na vlhkost.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5971\" data-end=\"6041\"><p data-start=\"5974\" data-end=\"6041\">V\u00edce vrstev materi\u00e1lu v obalu m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit spolehlivost.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"6043\" data-end=\"6074\">Ostatn\u00ed typy BGA<\/h2><p data-start=\"6076\" data-end=\"6104\">Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed formy balen\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p><ul data-start=\"6106\" data-end=\"6378\"><li data-start=\"6106\" data-end=\"6144\"><p data-start=\"6108\" data-end=\"6144\">MCM-PBGA (v\u00edce\u010dipov\u00fd modul PBGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6145\" data-end=\"6185\"><p data-start=\"6147\" data-end=\"6185\">\u03bcBGA (micro BGA), pouzdro velikosti \u010dipu<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6186\" data-end=\"6218\"><p data-start=\"6188\" data-end=\"6218\">SBGA (Stacked Ball Grid Array)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6219\" data-end=\"6301\"><p data-start=\"6221\" data-end=\"6301\">etBGA (extra thin BGA), kde je v\u00fd\u0161ka balen\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,5 mm, co\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ce \u010dipu.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6302\" data-end=\"6378\"><p data-start=\"6304\" data-end=\"6378\">CTBGA, CVBGA (Thin and Very Thin Chip Array BGA) - tenk\u00e1 a velmi tenk\u00e1 pole BGA<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"6380\" data-end=\"6411\">Standardn\u00ed p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2><p data-start=\"6413\" data-end=\"6934\">Princip standardn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f pro p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed SMD:<br \/>Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed hork\u00fd vzduch ke koncentraci tepla na v\u00fdvody a plo\u0161ky za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro povrchovou mont\u00e1\u017e (SMD). T\u00edm se roztav\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00ed spoje nebo se p\u0159etav\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasta, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u00edly vyjmout nebo p\u0159ip\u00e1jet. P\u0159epracovac\u00ed syst\u00e9my r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zdrojem tepla a zp\u016fsobem proud\u011bn\u00ed hork\u00e9ho vzduchu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 trysky vyfukuj\u00ed hork\u00fd vzduch nad SMD. Z hlediska ochrany za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je lep\u0161\u00ed, kdy\u017e proud vzduchu cirkuluje kolem desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Chcete-li zabr\u00e1nit deformaci DPS, vyberte si syst\u00e9m pro p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1\u017ee DPS p\u0159edeh\u0159\u00e1t.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"6936\" data-end=\"6957\">P\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed BGA<\/h2><p data-start=\"6959\" data-end=\"7036\">Tato \u010d\u00e1st shrnuje kroky p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed BGA na p\u0159\u00edkladu syst\u00e9mu HT996.<\/p><ol data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7057\"><li data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7057\"><p data-start=\"7041\" data-end=\"7057\"><strong>Vyjmut\u00ed BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7059\" data-end=\"7268\">Zbytky p\u00e1jky na plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u00edch o\u010dist\u011bte a vyrovnejte p\u00e1je\u010dkou. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby pou\u017eijte odp\u00e1jec\u00ed opleten\u00ed a hrot p\u00e1je\u010dky s ploch\u00fdm ost\u0159\u00edm. P\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed d\u00e1vejte pozor, abyste nepo\u0161kodili plo\u0161ky nebo p\u00e1jec\u00ed masku.<\/p><p data-start=\"7270\" data-end=\"7316\">K odstran\u011bn\u00ed zbytk\u016f tavidla pou\u017eijte speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edek.<\/p><ol start=\"2\" data-start=\"7318\" data-end=\"7341\"><li data-start=\"7318\" data-end=\"7341\"><p data-start=\"7321\" data-end=\"7341\"><strong>Dehydratace (pe\u010den\u00ed)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7343\" data-end=\"7495\">Sou\u010d\u00e1stky PBGA jsou citliv\u00e9 na vlhkost. P\u0159ed mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zkontrolujte, zda sou\u010d\u00e1st neabsorbovala vlhkost. Pokud je vlhk\u00fd, prove\u010fte krok zap\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed, abyste vlhkost odstranili.<\/p><ol start=\"3\" data-start=\"7497\" data-end=\"7521\"><li data-start=\"7497\" data-end=\"7521\"><p data-start=\"7500\" data-end=\"7521\"><strong>Tisk p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasty<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7523\" data-end=\"7911\">Proto\u017ee ostatn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stky jsou ji\u017e na desce, pou\u017eijte speci\u00e1ln\u00ed malou \u0161ablonu BGA. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka \u0161ablony a velikost otvoru z\u00e1vis\u00ed na pr\u016fm\u011bru a rozte\u010di kuli\u010dek. Po vyti\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zkontrolujte kvalitu tisku. Pokud nen\u00ed dobr\u00e1, vy\u010dist\u011bte desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f a vysu\u0161te ji, pak tiskn\u011bte znovu. U CSP s rozte\u010d\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,4 mm lze tisk p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasty vynechat. V takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b naneste tavnou pastu p\u0159\u00edmo na plo\u0161n\u00e9 spoje.<\/p><p data-start=\"7913\" data-end=\"8078\">Um\u00edst\u011bte desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f do p\u0159etavovac\u00ed pece a vyjm\u011bte sou\u010d\u00e1stku. Spus\u0165te program p\u0159etaven\u00ed. P\u0159i maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed teplot\u011b vyjm\u011bte sou\u010d\u00e1stku pomoc\u00ed vakuov\u00e9ho sb\u011bra\u010de. Nechte desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f vychladnout.<\/p><ol start=\"4\" data-start=\"8080\" data-end=\"8095\"><li data-start=\"8080\" data-end=\"8095\"><p data-start=\"8083\" data-end=\"8095\"><strong>\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed podlo\u017eky<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8097\" data-end=\"8233\">Pomoc\u00ed p\u00e1je\u010dky a odp\u00e1jec\u00edho opleten\u00ed o\u010dist\u011bte a vyrovnejte zbytky p\u00e1jky na plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u00edch. D\u00e1vejte pozor, abyste nepo\u0161kodili plo\u0161ky nebo p\u00e1jec\u00ed masku.<\/p><ol start=\"5\" data-start=\"8235\" data-end=\"8257\"><li data-start=\"8235\" data-end=\"8257\"><p data-start=\"8238\" data-end=\"8257\"><strong>Dehydratace (op\u011bt)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8259\" data-end=\"8341\">Proto\u017ee je PBGA citliv\u00fd na vlhkost, zkontrolujte a ope\u010dte p\u0159ed mont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v\u0161echny vlhk\u00e9 d\u00edly.<\/p><ol start=\"6\" data-start=\"8343\" data-end=\"8375\"><li data-start=\"8343\" data-end=\"8375\"><p data-start=\"8346\" data-end=\"8375\"><strong>Tisk p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasty (op\u011bt)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8377\" data-end=\"8668\">Stejn\u011b jako d\u0159\u00edve pou\u017eijte malou \u0161ablonu ur\u010denou pro BGA. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka \u0161ablony a otvor mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat velikosti a rozte\u010di kuli\u010dek. Po tisku zkontrolujte kvalitu tisku. Pokud nen\u00ed p\u0159ijateln\u00e1, vy\u010dist\u011bte a vysu\u0161te desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f a tiskn\u011bte znovu. U CSP s rozte\u010d\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 0,4 mm m\u016f\u017eete tisk vynechat a na plo\u0161ky nan\u00e9st tavnou pastu.<\/p><ol start=\"7\" data-start=\"8670\" data-end=\"8688\"><li data-start=\"8670\" data-end=\"8688\"><p data-start=\"8673\" data-end=\"8688\"><strong>Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8690\" data-end=\"8777\">Pokud je BGA nov\u00fd, zkontrolujte jeho vlhkost. Pokud je vlhk\u00fd, p\u0159ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm jej vypalte.<\/p><p data-start=\"8690\" data-end=\"8777\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3459\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Placing-the-BGA.webp\" alt=\"Placing the BGA\" width=\"557\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Placing-the-BGA.webp 557w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Placing-the-BGA-300x269.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 557px) 100vw, 557px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"8779\" data-end=\"8881\">Obecn\u011b lze vyjmut\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti BGA znovu pou\u017e\u00edt. Nejprve je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 je znovu vyv\u00e1zat. Kroky pro um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed BGA:<\/p><p data-start=\"8883\" data-end=\"8941\">A. Polo\u017ete desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s nati\u0161t\u011bnou p\u00e1jec\u00ed pastou na pracovn\u00ed st\u016fl.<\/p><p data-start=\"8943\" data-end=\"9136\">B. Zvolte vhodnou trysku a zapn\u011bte v\u00fdv\u011bvu. Vyberte BGA pomoc\u00ed trysky, zarovnejte dno BGA s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji, spus\u0165te trysku a um\u00edst\u011bte BGA na plo\u0161n\u00fd spoj, pot\u00e9 vypn\u011bte vakuum.<\/p><ol start=\"8\" data-start=\"9138\" data-end=\"9157\"><li data-start=\"9138\" data-end=\"9157\"><p data-start=\"9141\" data-end=\"9157\"><strong>P\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u0159etaven\u00edm<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"9159\" data-end=\"9313\">Nastavte profil p\u0159etaven\u00ed podle velikosti za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a tlou\u0161\u0165ky desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Teploty p\u0159etaven\u00ed BGA jsou obecn\u011b asi o 15 \u00b0C vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u tradi\u010dn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek SMD.<\/p><ol start=\"9\" data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9328\"><li data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9328\"><p data-start=\"9318\" data-end=\"9328\"><strong>Inspekce<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"9330\" data-end=\"9494\">Kvalita p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f BGA se obvykle kontroluje pomoc\u00ed rentgenov\u00e9ho nebo ultrazvukov\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pokud tyto n\u00e1stroje nem\u00e1te, pou\u017eijte funk\u010dn\u00ed testy nebo zku\u0161en\u00e9 vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontroly.<\/p><p data-start=\"9496\" data-end=\"9774\">Podr\u017ete hotovou desku plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f proti sv\u011btlu a zkontrolujte okraje BGA. Pod\u00edvejte se, zda jimi proch\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u011btlo, zda je mezera mezi BGA a DPS po stran\u00e1ch rovnom\u011brn\u00e1, zda se p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasta zcela roztavila, zda je tvar p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky pravideln\u00fd a jak moc se kuli\u010dka zbortila.<\/p><p data-start=\"9496\" data-end=\"9774\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3454\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA-Inspection.webp\" alt=\"BGA Inspection\" width=\"600\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA-Inspection.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA-Inspection-300x239.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"9776\" data-end=\"9860\">Pokud spoj nen\u00ed pr\u016fsvitn\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee se jednat o p\u0159emost\u011bn\u00ed nebo p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky mezi podlo\u017ekami.<\/p><p data-start=\"9862\" data-end=\"10005\">Pokud je tvar koule nepravideln\u00fd nebo zkosen\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt teplota p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e1. Ne\u00fapln\u00e9 p\u00e1jen\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit samovyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edmu efektu p\u0159i p\u0159etaven\u00ed.<\/p><p data-start=\"10007\" data-end=\"10267\">\u00darove\u0148 kolapsu kuli\u010dek z\u00e1vis\u00ed na teplot\u011b p\u0159etaven\u00ed, mno\u017estv\u00ed pasty a velikosti podlo\u017eky. P\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m n\u00e1vrhu podlo\u017eky je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed zhroucen\u00ed po p\u0159etaven\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1\/5 a\u017e 1\/3 v\u00fd\u0161ky kuli\u010dky p\u0159ed p\u0159etaven\u00edm. Pokud je kolaps p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fd, teplota je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 a m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u0159emost\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p><p data-start=\"10269\" data-end=\"10370\">Pokud nen\u00ed mezera mezi okraji BGA a deskou plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f rovnom\u011brn\u00e1, teplota kolem obalu nebyla rovnom\u011brn\u00e1.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10372\" data-end=\"10456\">Proces Reballing (p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky)<\/h2><ol data-start=\"10458\" data-end=\"10517\"><li data-start=\"10458\" data-end=\"10517\"><p data-start=\"10461\" data-end=\"10517\"><strong>Odstra\u0148te zbytky p\u00e1jky na spodn\u00edch plo\u0161k\u00e1ch BGA a vy\u010dist\u011bte je.<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"10519\" data-end=\"10682\">Pomoc\u00ed p\u00e1je\u010dky odstra\u0148te zbytky p\u00e1jky na plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u00edch. Pou\u017eijte odp\u00e1jec\u00ed opleten\u00ed a ploch\u00fd hrot p\u00e1je\u010dky. D\u00e1vejte pozor, abyste nepo\u0161kodili plo\u0161ky nebo p\u00e1jec\u00ed masku.<\/p><p data-start=\"10684\" data-end=\"10728\">K odstran\u011bn\u00ed zbytk\u016f tavidla pou\u017eijte speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edek.<\/p><p data-start=\"10684\" data-end=\"10728\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3461\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Remove-residual-solder-on-the-BGA-bottom-pads-and-clean.webp\" alt=\"Remove residual solder on the BGA bottom pads and clean\" width=\"435\" height=\"401\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Remove-residual-solder-on-the-BGA-bottom-pads-and-clean.webp 435w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Remove-residual-solder-on-the-BGA-bottom-pads-and-clean-300x277.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 435px) 100vw, 435px\" \/><\/p><ol start=\"2\" data-start=\"10730\" data-end=\"10773\"><li data-start=\"10730\" data-end=\"10773\"><p data-start=\"10733\" data-end=\"10773\"><strong>Tisk fluxu na spodn\u00ed plo\u0161ky BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"10775\" data-end=\"11038\">\u010casto pou\u017e\u00edvejte vysoce visk\u00f3zn\u00ed tavidlo pro jeho lepic\u00ed a p\u00e1jec\u00ed vlastnosti. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 vzory tavidla jsou z\u0159eteln\u00e9 a neroz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed se. N\u011bkdy se m\u00edsto tavidla pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasta. Pokud se pasta pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, mus\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed kovu v past\u011b odpov\u00eddat kovu p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky.<\/p><p data-start=\"10775\" data-end=\"11038\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3460\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Print-flux.webp\" alt=\"Print flux\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Print-flux.webp 500w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Print-flux-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"11040\" data-end=\"11222\">Pro tisk pou\u017eijte malou speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161ablonu BGA. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka \u0161ablony a otvor mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat pr\u016fm\u011bru a rozte\u010di kuli\u010dek. Po tisku zkontrolujte kvalitu tisku. Pokud nen\u00ed dobr\u00e1, vy\u010dist\u011bte ji a vytiskn\u011bte znovu.<\/p><ol start=\"3\" data-start=\"11224\" data-end=\"11246\"><li data-start=\"11224\" data-end=\"11246\"><p data-start=\"11227\" data-end=\"11246\">V\u00fdb\u011br p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"11248\" data-end=\"11449\">P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek zohledn\u011bte materi\u00e1l a pr\u016fm\u011br kuli\u010dek. P\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky PBGA obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed slitinu 63Sn\/37Pb, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v p\u00e1jce pro p\u0159etaven\u00ed. Vyb\u00edrejte proto kuli\u010dky ze stejn\u00e9 slitiny jako kuli\u010dky za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p><p data-start=\"11451\" data-end=\"11634\">Na v\u00fdb\u011bru velikosti m\u00ed\u010de z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed. Pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te tavidlo s vysokou viskozitou, zvolte kuli\u010dky stejn\u00e9ho pr\u016fm\u011bru jako kuli\u010dky za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pokud pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te p\u00e1jec\u00ed pastu, zvolte kuli\u010dky o n\u011bco men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e kuli\u010dky za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p><ol start=\"4\" data-start=\"11636\" data-end=\"11654\"><li data-start=\"11636\" data-end=\"11654\"><p data-start=\"11639\" data-end=\"11654\"><strong>Upevn\u011bn\u00ed koule<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"11656\" data-end=\"11698\">Existuje n\u011bkolik zp\u016fsob\u016f p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00ed m\u00ed\u010dk\u016f:<\/p><p data-start=\"11700\" data-end=\"11722\"><strong>A) Metoda s kuli\u010dkov\u00fdm strojem<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"11724\" data-end=\"12016\">Pokud m\u00e1te kuli\u010dkov\u00fd stroj, vyberte \u0161ablonu, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rozlo\u017een\u00ed podlo\u017eek BGA. Otvor \u0161ablony by m\u011bl b\u00fdt o 0,05-0,1 mm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br kuli\u010dky. Rovnom\u011brn\u011b nasypte kuli\u010dky na \u0161ablonu. Prot\u0159epejte kuli\u010dkov\u00fd stroj tak, aby se p\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9 kuli\u010dky dokut\u00e1lely do sb\u011brn\u00e9ho z\u00e1sobn\u00edku a v ka\u017ed\u00e9m otvoru z\u016fstala p\u0159esn\u011b jedna kuli\u010dka.<\/p><p data-start=\"12018\" data-end=\"12392\">Polo\u017ete \u0161ablonu na pracovn\u00ed st\u016fl. Pomoc\u00ed vakuov\u00e9 trysky zvedn\u011bte vyti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd flux nebo BGA pota\u017een\u00fd pastou. Zarovnejte a spus\u0165te BGA na kuli\u010dky v \u0161ablon\u011b tak, aby pasta nebo flux dr\u017eely kuli\u010dky na podlo\u017ek\u00e1ch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Pomoc\u00ed pinzety p\u0159idr\u017ete r\u00e1me\u010dek za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a vypn\u011bte vakuum. Um\u00edst\u011bte za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed kuli\u010dkami nahoru na st\u016fl. Zkontrolujte, zda nechyb\u00ed kuli\u010dky, a v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby je pinzetou dopl\u0148te.<\/p><p data-start=\"12394\" data-end=\"12412\"><strong>B) Metoda \u0161ablony<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"12414\" data-end=\"12919\">Um\u00edst\u011bte BGA pota\u017een\u00fd tavidlem nebo pastou na st\u016fl, tavidlem nahoru. P\u0159ipravte si \u0161ablonu, kter\u00e1 odpov\u00edd\u00e1 rozlo\u017een\u00ed BGA plo\u0161ek. Otvor \u0161ablony by m\u011bl b\u00fdt o 0,05-0,1 mm v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br kuli\u010dky. Podep\u0159ete \u0161ablonu po okraj\u00edch na podlo\u017ek\u00e1ch tak, aby vzd\u00e1lenost od BGA byla stejn\u00e1 nebo o n\u011bco men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pr\u016fm\u011br kuli\u010dky. Zarovnejte pod mikroskopem. Kuli\u010dky rovnom\u011brn\u011b nasypte na \u0161ablonu. P\u0159ebyte\u010dn\u00e9 kuli\u010dky odstra\u0148te pinzetou tak, aby v ka\u017ed\u00e9m otvoru z\u016fstala jedna kuli\u010dka. Vyjm\u011bte \u0161ablonu, zkontrolujte ji a dopl\u0148te chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed kuli\u010dky.<\/p><p data-start=\"12921\" data-end=\"12940\"><strong>C) Ru\u010dn\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"12942\" data-end=\"13080\">Um\u00edst\u011bte BGA pota\u017een\u00fd tavidlem nebo pastou na st\u016fl. Pomoc\u00ed pinzety nebo sb\u011brac\u00edho pera jako p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m umis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed SMD um\u00edst\u011bte kuli\u010dky jednu po druh\u00e9.<\/p><p data-start=\"12942\" data-end=\"13080\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3458\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manual-placement.webp\" alt=\"Manual placement\" width=\"600\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manual-placement.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manual-placement-300x195.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"13082\" data-end=\"13113\"><strong>D) Metoda tisku p\u00e1jec\u00ed pasty<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"13115\" data-end=\"13272\">\u0160ablonu zesilte a m\u00edrn\u011b zv\u011bt\u0161ete otvor. Vytiskn\u011bte p\u00e1jec\u00ed pastu p\u0159\u00edmo na plo\u0161ky BGA. Povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed vytvo\u0159\u00ed po p\u0159etaven\u00ed p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky.<\/p><ol start=\"5\" data-start=\"13274\" data-end=\"13283\"><li data-start=\"13274\" data-end=\"13283\"><p data-start=\"13277\" data-end=\"13283\"><strong>Reflow<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13285\" data-end=\"13330\">Spus\u0165te p\u0159etaven\u00ed, abyste p\u0159ipevnili p\u00e1jec\u00ed kuli\u010dky k za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p><ol start=\"6\" data-start=\"13332\" data-end=\"13368\"><li data-start=\"13332\" data-end=\"13368\"><p data-start=\"13335\" data-end=\"13368\"><strong>\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a manipulace po p\u00e1jen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13370\" data-end=\"13554\">Po reballingu za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed BGA d\u016fkladn\u011b vy\u010dist\u011bte. Pot\u00e9 jej co nejd\u0159\u00edve sestavte a sp\u00e1jejte. T\u00edm zabr\u00e1n\u00edte oxidaci p\u00e1jec\u00edch kuli\u010dek a absorpci vlhkosti do za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"13556\" data-end=\"13587\"><strong>Souhrn<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"13589\" data-end=\"13894\">S neust\u00e1l\u00fdm technologick\u00fdm pokrokem je modern\u00ed \u017eivot \u00fazce spjat s elektronikou. Drobn\u00e9 mobiln\u00ed telefony, mal\u00e1 r\u00e1dia, p\u0159enosn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, pam\u011bti, pevn\u00e9 disky, mechaniky CD a televizory s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm - to v\u0161e vy\u017eaduje miniaturizaci a n\u00edzkou hmotnost. Abychom toho dos\u00e1hli, mus\u00edme pracovat na v\u00fdrobn\u00edch procesech a komponentech.<\/p><p data-start=\"13896\" data-end=\"14376\">Technologie SMT (Surface Mount Technology) tomuto trendu odpov\u00eddala a polo\u017eila z\u00e1klad pro lehk\u00e9, tenk\u00e9, kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 a mal\u00e9 elektronick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Od doby, kdy SMT v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed dozr\u00e1la, posunuly trendy elektronick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f sm\u011brem k p\u0159enositelnosti, miniaturizaci, s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed a multim\u00e9di\u00edm mont\u00e1\u017en\u00ed technologii d\u00e1le. Objevily se nov\u00e9 metody mont\u00e1\u017ee s vysokou hustotou. BGA je jednou z metod mont\u00e1\u017ee s vysokou hustotou, kter\u00e1 dos\u00e1hla praktick\u00e9ho vyu\u017eit\u00ed. Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek p\u0159edstavuje vlastnosti mont\u00e1\u017ee BGA a kontrolu kvality p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preface Research on BGA technology began in the 1960s. IBM in the United States used it first. But BGA only 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center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"2ca6a79\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"width\":{\"unit\":\"%\",\"size\":66.389},\"_flex_size\":\"none\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"735a0b1\"}],\"_element_width\":\"initial\"},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"48d66a2\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<h2 data-start=\\\"299\\\" data-end=\\\"314\\\">Preface<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"316\\\" data-end=\\\"452\\\">Research on BGA technology began in the 1960s. IBM in the United States used it first. But BGA only became practical in the early 1990s.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"316\\\" data-end=\\\"452\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3456\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/BGA_1.webp\\\" alt=\\\"BGA\\\" width=\\\"400\\\" height=\\\"419\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"454\\\" data-end=\\\"1182\\\">In the 1980s, people wanted smaller electronic circuits and more I\\\/O pins. <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-assembly\\\/smt-assembly\\\/\\\">Surface Mount Technology (SMT)<\\\/a> gave circuit assembly the features of being light, thin, short and small. SMT also brought higher demands for pin pitch and coplanarity for parts with many leads. However, due to limits in machining accuracy, manufacturability, cost and assembly process, the pitch limit for QFP (Quad Flat Pack) parts was generally seen as 0.3 mm. This limit greatly restrained the development of high density assembly. Also, fine-pitch QFP parts needed strict assembly processes. That limited their use. For that reason, some US companies focused on developing and using BGA parts. They saw BGA as superior to QFP for high density needs.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"1184\\\" data-end=\\\"1209\\\">What is BGA?<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"1211\\\" data-end=\\\"1560\\\">BGA stands for Ball Grid Array. In this package, solder balls are made in a grid on the bottom of the package substrate. These balls act as the I\\\/O connections between the device and the printed circuit board (PCB). Parts packaged with this method are surface mount devices. Early CPUs used DIP packages, like some very basic microcontrollers today.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1562\\\" data-end=\\\"2114\\\">Today, with the rapid growth of the electronics industry, computers and mobile phones are common. People want more functions and stronger performance from electronic products, but they also want smaller size and less weight. This drives products toward more functions, higher performance, and smaller size. To meet this goal, IC chips must get smaller and more complex. Then circuit I\\\/O counts rise and package I\\\/O density rises. To meet this trend, advanced high-density packaging technologies were created. BGA packaging is one of these technologies.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"2116\\\" data-end=\\\"2525\\\">Among all IC package types, BGA saw the fastest growth between 1996 and 2001. In 1999, BGA output was about 1 billion units. To date, this technology is still mostly for high density, high performance devices. It continues to move to finer pitch and higher I\\\/O counts. BGA packaging is mainly used for PC chipsets, microprocessors\\\/controllers, ASICs, gate arrays, memory, DSPs, PDAs, PLDs and similar devices.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"2527\\\" data-end=\\\"2591\\\">Types of BGA by package material<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"2593\\\" data-end=\\\"2651\\\">Depending on package material, BGA devices mainly include:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"2653\\\" data-end=\\\"2776\\\"><li data-start=\\\"2653\\\" data-end=\\\"2673\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2655\\\" data-end=\\\"2673\\\">PBGA (Plastic BGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2674\\\" data-end=\\\"2694\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2676\\\" data-end=\\\"2694\\\">CBGA (Ceramic BGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2695\\\" data-end=\\\"2723\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2697\\\" data-end=\\\"2723\\\">CCBGA (Ceramic Column BGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2724\\\" data-end=\\\"2741\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2726\\\" data-end=\\\"2741\\\">TBGA (Tape BGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2742\\\" data-end=\\\"2776\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2744\\\" data-end=\\\"2776\\\">CSP (Chip Scale Package or \\u03bcBGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"2778\\\" data-end=\\\"2839\\\">PBGA \\u2014 Plastic Ball Grid Array<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"2841\\\" data-end=\\\"3156\\\">PBGA uses BT resin \\\/ glass laminate as the substrate. The package is sealed with plastic (an epoxy molding compound). Solder balls can be leaded alloys (for example 63Sn37Pb, 62Sn36Pb2Ag) or lead-free alloys (for example Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5). The solder balls and the package body are joined without adding extra solder.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3158\\\" data-end=\\\"3392\\\">Some PBGA packages have a cavity. They come in \\u201ccavity up\\u201d and \\u201ccavity down\\u201d versions. These cavity PBGA packages improve heat dissipation and are called thermally enhanced BGA, or EBGA. Some also call them CPBGA (Cavity Plastic BGA).<\\\/p><h3>Advantages of PBGA:<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"3415\\\" data-end=\\\"3833\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3415\\\" data-end=\\\"3639\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3418\\\" data-end=\\\"3639\\\">Good thermal match with PCB. The BT resin\\\/glass laminate in PBGA has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of about 14 ppm\\\/\\u00b0C. Many PCBs have CTE around 17 ppm\\\/\\u00b0C. The two values are close. So thermal matching is good.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3640\\\" data-end=\\\"3788\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3643\\\" data-end=\\\"3788\\\">During reflow soldering, PBGA uses the self-alignment effect of solder balls. The surface tension of molten solder helps align the balls to pads.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3789\\\" data-end=\\\"3801\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3792\\\" data-end=\\\"3801\\\">Low cost.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3802\\\" data-end=\\\"3833\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3805\\\" data-end=\\\"3833\\\">Good electrical performance.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h3>Disadvantage of PBGA:<\\\/h3><ul data-start=\\\"3858\\\" data-end=\\\"3960\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3858\\\" data-end=\\\"3960\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3860\\\" data-end=\\\"3960\\\">Sensitive to moisture. Not suitable for devices that need hermetic sealing or very high reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"3962\\\" data-end=\\\"4024\\\">CBGA \\u2014 Ceramic Ball Grid Array<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"4026\\\" data-end=\\\"4423\\\">CBGA has the longest history among BGA families. Its substrate is multilayer ceramic. A metal lid is sealed to the substrate with sealing solder to protect the die, wire bonds and pads. The solder ball material for the package is a high-temperature alloy labeled as 10Sn90Pb in the source text. The connection between the balls and the package body uses a lower-temperature alloy such as 63Sn37Pb.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"4026\\\" data-end=\\\"4423\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3457\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/CBGA.webp\\\" alt=\\\"CBGA\\\" width=\\\"492\\\" height=\\\"271\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h3>Advantages of CBGA:<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"4446\\\" data-end=\\\"4655\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4446\\\" data-end=\\\"4537\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4449\\\" data-end=\\\"4537\\\">Good hermeticity and high resistance to moisture. That gives high long-term reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4538\\\" data-end=\\\"4580\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4541\\\" data-end=\\\"4580\\\">Better electrical insulation than PBGA.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4581\\\" data-end=\\\"4617\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4584\\\" data-end=\\\"4617\\\">Higher package density than PBGA.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4618\\\" data-end=\\\"4655\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4621\\\" data-end=\\\"4655\\\">Better heat dissipation than PBGA.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h3>Disadvantages of CBGA:<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"4681\\\" data-end=\\\"4894\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4681\\\" data-end=\\\"4805\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4684\\\" data-end=\\\"4805\\\">The CTE of ceramic substrate and PCB differ a lot. Thermal mismatch is poor. Solder joint fatigue is a main failure mode.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4806\\\" data-end=\\\"4831\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4809\\\" data-end=\\\"4831\\\">Higher cost than PBGA.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4832\\\" data-end=\\\"4894\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4835\\\" data-end=\\\"4894\\\">Solder ball alignment near the package edge becomes harder.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 data-start=\\\"4896\\\" data-end=\\\"4951\\\">TBGA \\u2014 Tape Ball Grid Array<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"4953\\\" data-end=\\\"5613\\\">TBGA is a cavity package. There are two ways to connect the die to the substrate in TBGA: flip-chip solder bonding and wire bonding. In flip-chip, the die is bonded onto a multilayer wiring flexible tape. Peripheral array solder balls, which act as circuit I\\\/O terminals, are placed under the flexible tape. A thick sealing lid serves as both a heat sink and a reinforcement. This makes the solder balls under the flexible substrate more coplanar. The die is bonded to a copper heat spreader in the cavity. The die pads and flexible tape pads are connected by bonding wires. A sealant encapsulates the die, wires and flexible tape pads (by potting or coating).<\\\/p><h3>Advantages of TBGA:<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"5636\\\" data-end=\\\"5919\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5636\\\" data-end=\\\"5713\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5639\\\" data-end=\\\"5713\\\">The flexible tape in the package better matches the PCB thermal expansion.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5714\\\" data-end=\\\"5837\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5717\\\" data-end=\\\"5837\\\">Reflow soldering can use the self-alignment effect of solder. Surface tension of molten balls helps align balls to pads.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5838\\\" data-end=\\\"5881\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5841\\\" data-end=\\\"5881\\\">TBGA is the most economical BGA package.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5882\\\" data-end=\\\"5919\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5885\\\" data-end=\\\"5919\\\">Better heat dissipation than PBGA.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h3>Disadvantages of TBGA:<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"5945\\\" data-end=\\\"6041\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5945\\\" data-end=\\\"5970\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5948\\\" data-end=\\\"5970\\\">Sensitive to moisture.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5971\\\" data-end=\\\"6041\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5974\\\" data-end=\\\"6041\\\">The multiple material layers in the package can reduce reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 data-start=\\\"6043\\\" data-end=\\\"6074\\\">Other BGA types<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"6076\\\" data-end=\\\"6104\\\">Other package forms include:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"6106\\\" data-end=\\\"6378\\\"><li data-start=\\\"6106\\\" data-end=\\\"6144\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6108\\\" data-end=\\\"6144\\\">MCM-PBGA (Multiple Chip Module PBGA)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6145\\\" data-end=\\\"6185\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6147\\\" data-end=\\\"6185\\\">\\u03bcBGA (micro BGA), a chip-scale package<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6186\\\" data-end=\\\"6218\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6188\\\" data-end=\\\"6218\\\">SBGA (Stacked Ball Grid Array)<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6219\\\" data-end=\\\"6301\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6221\\\" data-end=\\\"6301\\\">etBGA (extra thin BGA) where package height is about 0.5 mm, near chip thickness<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6302\\\" data-end=\\\"6378\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6304\\\" data-end=\\\"6378\\\">CTBGA, CVBGA (Thin and Very Thin Chip Array BGA) \\u2014 thin and very thin BGAs<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"6380\\\" data-end=\\\"6411\\\">Standard rework<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"6413\\\" data-end=\\\"6934\\\">Principle of standard SMD rework systems:<br \\\/>They use hot air to concentrate heat on the pins and pads of surface mount devices (SMD). This melts solder joints or reflows solder paste so parts can be removed or soldered. Different vendors\\u2019 rework systems differ mainly by heat source and the hot air flow pattern. Some nozzles blow hot air above the SMD. From the device protection point of view, it is better to have airflow circulate around the PCB. To prevent PCB warpage, choose a rework system that can preheat the PCB.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"6936\\\" data-end=\\\"6957\\\">BGA Rework<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"6959\\\" data-end=\\\"7036\\\">This section summarizes BGA rework steps using an HT996 system as an example.<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"7038\\\" data-end=\\\"7057\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7038\\\" data-end=\\\"7057\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7041\\\" data-end=\\\"7057\\\"><strong>Removing the BGA<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"7059\\\" data-end=\\\"7268\\\">Clean and level the leftover solder on the PCB pads with a soldering iron. Use desolder braid and a flat-blade soldering iron tip as needed. When cleaning, be careful not to damage the pads or the solder mask.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"7270\\\" data-end=\\\"7316\\\">Use a special cleaner to remove flux residues.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"2\\\" data-start=\\\"7318\\\" data-end=\\\"7341\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7318\\\" data-end=\\\"7341\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7321\\\" data-end=\\\"7341\\\"><strong>Dehydration (baking)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"7343\\\" data-end=\\\"7495\\\">PBGA parts are sensitive to moisture. Before assembly, check if the part has absorbed moisture. If it is damp, perform a baking step to remove moisture.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"3\\\" data-start=\\\"7497\\\" data-end=\\\"7521\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7497\\\" data-end=\\\"7521\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7500\\\" data-end=\\\"7521\\\"><strong>Solder paste printing<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"7523\\\" data-end=\\\"7911\\\">Because other components are already on the board, use a special small BGA stencil. The stencil thickness and aperture size depend on ball diameter and pitch. After printing, inspect the print quality. If it is not good, clean the PCB and dry it, then reprint. For CSP with pitch below 0.4 mm, solder paste printing may be skipped. In that case, apply flux paste directly on the PCB pads.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"7913\\\" data-end=\\\"8078\\\">Place the PCB in the reflow oven to remove the part. Run the reflow program. At the peak temperature, use a vacuum pick-up to remove the component. Let the PCB cool.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"4\\\" data-start=\\\"8080\\\" data-end=\\\"8095\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8080\\\" data-end=\\\"8095\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8083\\\" data-end=\\\"8095\\\"><strong>Pad cleaning<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"8097\\\" data-end=\\\"8233\\\">Use a soldering iron and desolder braid to clean and level solder residues on the PCB pads. Take care not to damage pads or solder mask.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"5\\\" data-start=\\\"8235\\\" data-end=\\\"8257\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8235\\\" data-end=\\\"8257\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8238\\\" data-end=\\\"8257\\\"><strong>Dehydration (again)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"8259\\\" data-end=\\\"8341\\\">Because PBGA is moisture sensitive, check and bake any damp parts before assembly.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"6\\\" data-start=\\\"8343\\\" data-end=\\\"8375\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8343\\\" data-end=\\\"8375\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8346\\\" data-end=\\\"8375\\\"><strong>Solder paste printing (again)<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"8377\\\" data-end=\\\"8668\\\">As before, use a small BGA-specific stencil. The stencil thickness and aperture must match ball size and pitch. After printing, check print quality. If not acceptable, clean and dry the PCB and reprint. For CSP with pitch under 0.4 mm, you may skip printing and apply flux paste on the pads.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"7\\\" data-start=\\\"8670\\\" data-end=\\\"8688\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8670\\\" data-end=\\\"8688\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8673\\\" data-end=\\\"8688\\\"><strong>Placing the BGA<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"8690\\\" data-end=\\\"8777\\\">If the BGA is new, check its moisture content. If it is damp, bake it before placement.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"8690\\\" data-end=\\\"8777\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3459\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Placing-the-BGA.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Placing the BGA\\\" width=\\\"557\\\" height=\\\"500\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"8779\\\" data-end=\\\"8881\\\">Generally, removed BGA parts can be reused. But they must be re-balled first. Steps for placing a BGA:<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"8883\\\" data-end=\\\"8941\\\">A. Put the PCB with printed solder paste on the workbench.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"8943\\\" data-end=\\\"9136\\\">B. Choose a proper nozzle and turn on the vacuum pump. Pick the BGA with the nozzle, align the BGA bottom with the PCB pads, lower the nozzle and place the BGA on the PCB, then turn off vacuum.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"8\\\" data-start=\\\"9138\\\" data-end=\\\"9157\\\"><li data-start=\\\"9138\\\" data-end=\\\"9157\\\"><p data-start=\\\"9141\\\" data-end=\\\"9157\\\"><strong>Reflow soldering<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"9159\\\" data-end=\\\"9313\\\">Set the reflow profile according to device size and PCB thickness. BGA reflow temperatures are generally about 15\\u00b0C higher than for traditional SMD parts.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"9\\\" data-start=\\\"9315\\\" data-end=\\\"9328\\\"><li data-start=\\\"9315\\\" data-end=\\\"9328\\\"><p data-start=\\\"9318\\\" data-end=\\\"9328\\\"><strong>Inspection<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"9330\\\" data-end=\\\"9494\\\">BGA solder joint quality is usually inspected with X-ray or ultrasonic equipment. If you do not have those tools, use functional tests or experienced visual checks.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9496\\\" data-end=\\\"9774\\\">Hold the finished PCB up to a light and check the BGA edges. Look at whether light passes through, whether the gap between the BGA and PCB is even around the sides, whether the solder paste fully melted, whether the solder ball shape is regular, and the amount of ball collapse.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9496\\\" data-end=\\\"9774\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3454\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/BGA-Inspection.webp\\\" alt=\\\"BGA Inspection\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"478\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9776\\\" data-end=\\\"9860\\\">If the joint is not translucent, there may be bridging or solder balls between pads.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9862\\\" data-end=\\\"10005\\\">If ball shape is irregular or skewed, the temperature may be too low. Incomplete soldering can prevent the self-alignment effect during reflow.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10007\\\" data-end=\\\"10267\\\">Ball collapse level depends on reflow temperature, amount of paste, and pad size. With correct pad design, normal collapse after reflow is about 1\\\/5 to 1\\\/3 of the pre-reflow ball height. If collapse is too large, temperature is too high and bridging can occur.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10269\\\" data-end=\\\"10370\\\">If the gap between BGA edges and PCB is not uniform, the temperature around the package was not even.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10372\\\" data-end=\\\"10456\\\">Reballing (solder ball attachment) process<\\\/h2><ol data-start=\\\"10458\\\" data-end=\\\"10517\\\"><li data-start=\\\"10458\\\" data-end=\\\"10517\\\"><p data-start=\\\"10461\\\" data-end=\\\"10517\\\"><strong>Remove residual solder on the BGA bottom pads and clean.<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"10519\\\" data-end=\\\"10682\\\">Use a soldering iron to remove leftover solder on the PCB pads. Use desolder braid and a flat soldering iron tip. Be careful not to damage pads or the solder mask.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10684\\\" data-end=\\\"10728\\\">Use special cleaner to remove flux residues.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10684\\\" data-end=\\\"10728\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3461\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Remove-residual-solder-on-the-BGA-bottom-pads-and-clean.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Remove residual solder on the BGA bottom pads and clean\\\" width=\\\"435\\\" height=\\\"401\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><ol start=\\\"2\\\" data-start=\\\"10730\\\" data-end=\\\"10773\\\"><li data-start=\\\"10730\\\" data-end=\\\"10773\\\"><p data-start=\\\"10733\\\" data-end=\\\"10773\\\"><strong>Print flux on the bottom pads of the BGA<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"10775\\\" data-end=\\\"11038\\\">Often use high-viscosity flux for its stick and solder-aid properties. Ensure printed flux patterns are clear and do not spread. Sometimes solder paste is used instead of flux. If paste is used, the metal composition in the paste must match the solder ball metal.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"10775\\\" data-end=\\\"11038\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3460\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Print-flux.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Print flux\\\" width=\\\"500\\\" height=\\\"375\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11040\\\" data-end=\\\"11222\\\">For printing, use a small special BGA stencil. Stencil thickness and aperture must match ball diameter and pitch. After printing, check print quality. If not good, clean and reprint.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"3\\\" data-start=\\\"11224\\\" data-end=\\\"11246\\\"><li data-start=\\\"11224\\\" data-end=\\\"11246\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11227\\\" data-end=\\\"11246\\\">Choose solder balls<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"11248\\\" data-end=\\\"11449\\\">When choosing solder balls, consider ball material and diameter. PBGA solder balls normally use 63Sn\\\/37Pb, the same alloy used in reflow solder. So choose balls with the same alloy as the device balls.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11451\\\" data-end=\\\"11634\\\">Ball size choice matters. If you use high-viscosity flux, choose balls the same diameter as the device balls. If you use solder paste, choose balls slightly smaller than device balls.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"4\\\" data-start=\\\"11636\\\" data-end=\\\"11654\\\"><li data-start=\\\"11636\\\" data-end=\\\"11654\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11639\\\" data-end=\\\"11654\\\"><strong>Ball attachment<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"11656\\\" data-end=\\\"11698\\\">There are several methods to attach balls:<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11700\\\" data-end=\\\"11722\\\"><strong>A) Ball machine method<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11724\\\" data-end=\\\"12016\\\">If you have a ball machine, choose a template that matches the BGA pad layout. Template aperture should be 0.05\\u20130.1 mm larger than ball diameter. Evenly sprinkle balls on the template. Shake the ball machine so extra balls roll into the collection tray, leaving exactly one ball in each hole.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12018\\\" data-end=\\\"12392\\\">Place the template on the workbench. Pick up the printed flux or paste-coated BGA with a vacuum nozzle. Align and lower the BGA onto the balls in the template so that the paste or flux holds balls on the device pads. Use tweezers to hold the device frame and turn off vacuum. Place the device ball-side-up on the bench. Check for missing balls and add by tweezers if needed.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12394\\\" data-end=\\\"12412\\\"><strong>B) Template method<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12414\\\" data-end=\\\"12919\\\">Place the flux or paste-coated BGA on the bench, flux facing up. Prepare a template that matches the BGA pad layout. Template aperture should be 0.05\\u20130.1 mm larger than ball diameter. Support the template around the edges on shims so the distance to the BGA is equal to or slightly less than the ball diameter. Align under a microscope. Sprinkle balls evenly on the template. Remove extra balls with tweezers so one ball remains in each hole. Remove the template and check, replenishing any missing balls.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12921\\\" data-end=\\\"12940\\\"><strong>C) Manual placement<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12942\\\" data-end=\\\"13080\\\">Place the flux or paste-coated BGA on the bench. Use tweezers or a pick-up pen like with ordinary SMD placement to place balls one by one.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"12942\\\" data-end=\\\"13080\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3458\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Manual-placement.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Manual placement\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"389\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"13082\\\" data-end=\\\"13113\\\"><strong>D) Solder paste printing method<\\\/strong><\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"13115\\\" data-end=\\\"13272\\\">Make the stencil thicker and slightly enlarge the aperture. Print solder paste directly on the BGA pads. Surface tension will form solder balls after reflow.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"5\\\" data-start=\\\"13274\\\" data-end=\\\"13283\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13274\\\" data-end=\\\"13283\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13277\\\" data-end=\\\"13283\\\"><strong>Reflow<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"13285\\\" data-end=\\\"13330\\\">Run reflow to fix solder balls to the device.<\\\/p><ol start=\\\"6\\\" data-start=\\\"13332\\\" data-end=\\\"13368\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13332\\\" data-end=\\\"13368\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13335\\\" data-end=\\\"13368\\\"><strong>Post-solder cleaning and handling<\\\/strong><\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"13370\\\" data-end=\\\"13554\\\">After reballing, clean the BGA device thoroughly. Then assemble and solder it as soon as possible. This prevents the solder balls from oxidizing and the device from absorbing moisture.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"13556\\\" data-end=\\\"13587\\\"><strong>Summary<\\\/strong><\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"13589\\\" data-end=\\\"13894\\\">With continuous advances in technology, modern life is closely tied to electronics. Tiny mobile phones, small radios, portable computers, memory, hard drives, CD drives and high-definition TVs all demand miniaturization and light weight. To reach this, we must work on production processes and components.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"13896\\\" data-end=\\\"14376\\\">SMT (Surface Mount Technology) matched this trend and laid the foundation for light, thin, short, and small electronic products. Since SMT matured in the 1990s, electronic product trends toward portability, miniaturization, networking and multimedia pushed assembly technology further. New high-density assembly methods emerged. BGA is one high-density assembly method that has reached practical use. This article introduced BGA assembly features and solder joint quality control.<\\\/p>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"c98ebbe\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":false}]"],"_elementor_conditions":["a:0:{}"],"rank_math_news_sitemap_robots":["index"],"rank_math_robots":["a:1:{i:0;s:5:\"index\";}"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"rank_math_seo_score":["24"],"rank_math_og_content_image":["a:2:{s:5:\"check\";s:32:\"de92bb035b86c51866965717f298069f\";s:6:\"images\";a:1:{i:0;i:3456;}}"],"_elementor_controls_usage":["a:2:{s:11:\"text-editor\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:1;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:7:\"content\";a:1:{s:14:\"section_editor\";a:1:{s:6:\"editor\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:1:{s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}s:9:\"container\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:1;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:6:\"layout\";a:1:{s:24:\"section_layout_container\";a:2:{s:14:\"flex_direction\";i:1;s:5:\"width\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:2:{s:14:\"section_layout\";a:1:{s:10:\"_flex_size\";i:1;}s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-1921.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-1921.js"],"_elementor_page_assets":["a:1:{s:7:\"scripts\";a:1:{i:0;s:18:\"elementor-frontend\";}}"],"_elementor_css":["a:6:{s:4:\"time\";i:1778179434;s:5:\"fonts\";a:0:{}s:5:\"icons\";a:0:{}s:20:\"dynamic_elements_ids\";a:0:{}s:6:\"status\";s:4:\"file\";i:0;s:0:\"\";}"],"_elementor_element_cache":["{\"timeout\":1778363431,\"value\":{\"content\":\"<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ca6a79 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\\\" data-id=\\\"2ca6a79\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-e-type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-con-inner\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"48d66a2","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<h2 data-start=\"299\" data-end=\"314\">Preface<\/h2><p data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"452\">Research on BGA technology began in the 1960s. IBM in the United States used it first. But BGA only became practical in the early 1990s.<\/p><p data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"452\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3456\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA_1.webp\" alt=\"BGA\" width=\"400\" height=\"419\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"454\" data-end=\"1182\">In the 1980s, people wanted smaller electronic circuits and more I\/O pins. <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\">Surface Mount Technology (SMT)<\/a> gave circuit assembly the features of being light, thin, short and small. SMT also brought higher demands for pin pitch and coplanarity for parts with many leads. However, due to limits in machining accuracy, manufacturability, cost and assembly process, the pitch limit for QFP (Quad Flat Pack) parts was generally seen as 0.3 mm. This limit greatly restrained the development of high density assembly. Also, fine-pitch QFP parts needed strict assembly processes. That limited their use. For that reason, some US companies focused on developing and using BGA parts. They saw BGA as superior to QFP for high density needs.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"1184\" data-end=\"1209\">What is BGA?<\/h2><p data-start=\"1211\" data-end=\"1560\">BGA stands for Ball Grid Array. In this package, solder balls are made in a grid on the bottom of the package substrate. These balls act as the I\/O connections between the device and the printed circuit board (PCB). Parts packaged with this method are surface mount devices. Early CPUs used DIP packages, like some very basic microcontrollers today.<\/p><p data-start=\"1562\" data-end=\"2114\">Today, with the rapid growth of the electronics industry, computers and mobile phones are common. People want more functions and stronger performance from electronic products, but they also want smaller size and less weight. This drives products toward more functions, higher performance, and smaller size. To meet this goal, IC chips must get smaller and more complex. Then circuit I\/O counts rise and package I\/O density rises. To meet this trend, advanced high-density packaging technologies were created. BGA packaging is one of these technologies.<\/p><p data-start=\"2116\" data-end=\"2525\">Among all IC package types, BGA saw the fastest growth between 1996 and 2001. In 1999, BGA output was about 1 billion units. To date, this technology is still mostly for high density, high performance devices. It continues to move to finer pitch and higher I\/O counts. BGA packaging is mainly used for PC chipsets, microprocessors\/controllers, ASICs, gate arrays, memory, DSPs, PDAs, PLDs and similar devices.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"2527\" data-end=\"2591\">Types of BGA by package material<\/h2><p data-start=\"2593\" data-end=\"2651\">Depending on package material, BGA devices mainly include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2776\"><li data-start=\"2653\" data-end=\"2673\"><p data-start=\"2655\" data-end=\"2673\">PBGA (Plastic BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2674\" data-end=\"2694\"><p data-start=\"2676\" data-end=\"2694\">CBGA (Ceramic BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2695\" data-end=\"2723\"><p data-start=\"2697\" data-end=\"2723\">CCBGA (Ceramic Column BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2724\" data-end=\"2741\"><p data-start=\"2726\" data-end=\"2741\">TBGA (Tape BGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2742\" data-end=\"2776\"><p data-start=\"2744\" data-end=\"2776\">CSP (Chip Scale Package or \u03bcBGA)<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"2778\" data-end=\"2839\">PBGA \u2014 Plastic Ball Grid Array<\/h2><p data-start=\"2841\" data-end=\"3156\">PBGA uses BT resin \/ glass laminate as the substrate. The package is sealed with plastic (an epoxy molding compound). Solder balls can be leaded alloys (for example 63Sn37Pb, 62Sn36Pb2Ag) or lead-free alloys (for example Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5). The solder balls and the package body are joined without adding extra solder.<\/p><p data-start=\"3158\" data-end=\"3392\">Some PBGA packages have a cavity. They come in \u201ccavity up\u201d and \u201ccavity down\u201d versions. These cavity PBGA packages improve heat dissipation and are called thermally enhanced BGA, or EBGA. Some also call them CPBGA (Cavity Plastic BGA).<\/p><h3>Advantages of PBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3833\"><li data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3639\"><p data-start=\"3418\" data-end=\"3639\">Good thermal match with PCB. The BT resin\/glass laminate in PBGA has a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of about 14 ppm\/\u00b0C. Many PCBs have CTE around 17 ppm\/\u00b0C. The two values are close. So thermal matching is good.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3640\" data-end=\"3788\"><p data-start=\"3643\" data-end=\"3788\">During reflow soldering, PBGA uses the self-alignment effect of solder balls. The surface tension of molten solder helps align the balls to pads.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3789\" data-end=\"3801\"><p data-start=\"3792\" data-end=\"3801\">Low cost.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3802\" data-end=\"3833\"><p data-start=\"3805\" data-end=\"3833\">Good electrical performance.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Disadvantage of PBGA:<\/h3><ul data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"3960\"><li data-start=\"3858\" data-end=\"3960\"><p data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"3960\">Sensitive to moisture. Not suitable for devices that need hermetic sealing or very high reliability.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"3962\" data-end=\"4024\">CBGA \u2014 Ceramic Ball Grid Array<\/h2><p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4423\">CBGA has the longest history among BGA families. Its substrate is multilayer ceramic. A metal lid is sealed to the substrate with sealing solder to protect the die, wire bonds and pads. The solder ball material for the package is a high-temperature alloy labeled as 10Sn90Pb in the source text. The connection between the balls and the package body uses a lower-temperature alloy such as 63Sn37Pb.<\/p><p data-start=\"4026\" data-end=\"4423\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3457\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/CBGA.webp\" alt=\"CBGA\" width=\"492\" height=\"271\" \/><\/p><h3>Advantages of CBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"4446\" data-end=\"4655\"><li data-start=\"4446\" data-end=\"4537\"><p data-start=\"4449\" data-end=\"4537\">Good hermeticity and high resistance to moisture. That gives high long-term reliability.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4538\" data-end=\"4580\"><p data-start=\"4541\" data-end=\"4580\">Better electrical insulation than PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4581\" data-end=\"4617\"><p data-start=\"4584\" data-end=\"4617\">Higher package density than PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4618\" data-end=\"4655\"><p data-start=\"4621\" data-end=\"4655\">Better heat dissipation than PBGA.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Disadvantages of CBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"4681\" data-end=\"4894\"><li data-start=\"4681\" data-end=\"4805\"><p data-start=\"4684\" data-end=\"4805\">The CTE of ceramic substrate and PCB differ a lot. Thermal mismatch is poor. Solder joint fatigue is a main failure mode.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4806\" data-end=\"4831\"><p data-start=\"4809\" data-end=\"4831\">Higher cost than PBGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4832\" data-end=\"4894\"><p data-start=\"4835\" data-end=\"4894\">Solder ball alignment near the package edge becomes harder.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"4896\" data-end=\"4951\">TBGA \u2014 Tape Ball Grid Array<\/h2><p data-start=\"4953\" data-end=\"5613\">TBGA is a cavity package. There are two ways to connect the die to the substrate in TBGA: flip-chip solder bonding and wire bonding. In flip-chip, the die is bonded onto a multilayer wiring flexible tape. Peripheral array solder balls, which act as circuit I\/O terminals, are placed under the flexible tape. A thick sealing lid serves as both a heat sink and a reinforcement. This makes the solder balls under the flexible substrate more coplanar. The die is bonded to a copper heat spreader in the cavity. The die pads and flexible tape pads are connected by bonding wires. A sealant encapsulates the die, wires and flexible tape pads (by potting or coating).<\/p><h3>Advantages of TBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5919\"><li data-start=\"5636\" data-end=\"5713\"><p data-start=\"5639\" data-end=\"5713\">The flexible tape in the package better matches the PCB thermal expansion.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5714\" data-end=\"5837\"><p data-start=\"5717\" data-end=\"5837\">Reflow soldering can use the self-alignment effect of solder. Surface tension of molten balls helps align balls to pads.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5838\" data-end=\"5881\"><p data-start=\"5841\" data-end=\"5881\">TBGA is the most economical BGA package.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5882\" data-end=\"5919\"><p data-start=\"5885\" data-end=\"5919\">Better heat dissipation than PBGA.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h3>Disadvantages of TBGA:<\/h3><ol data-start=\"5945\" data-end=\"6041\"><li data-start=\"5945\" data-end=\"5970\"><p data-start=\"5948\" data-end=\"5970\">Sensitive to moisture.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5971\" data-end=\"6041\"><p data-start=\"5974\" data-end=\"6041\">The multiple material layers in the package can reduce reliability.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"6043\" data-end=\"6074\">Other BGA types<\/h2><p data-start=\"6076\" data-end=\"6104\">Other package forms include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"6106\" data-end=\"6378\"><li data-start=\"6106\" data-end=\"6144\"><p data-start=\"6108\" data-end=\"6144\">MCM-PBGA (Multiple Chip Module PBGA)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6145\" data-end=\"6185\"><p data-start=\"6147\" data-end=\"6185\">\u03bcBGA (micro BGA), a chip-scale package<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6186\" data-end=\"6218\"><p data-start=\"6188\" data-end=\"6218\">SBGA (Stacked Ball Grid Array)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6219\" data-end=\"6301\"><p data-start=\"6221\" data-end=\"6301\">etBGA (extra thin BGA) where package height is about 0.5 mm, near chip thickness<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6302\" data-end=\"6378\"><p data-start=\"6304\" data-end=\"6378\">CTBGA, CVBGA (Thin and Very Thin Chip Array BGA) \u2014 thin and very thin BGAs<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"6380\" data-end=\"6411\">Standard rework<\/h2><p data-start=\"6413\" data-end=\"6934\">Principle of standard SMD rework systems:<br \/>They use hot air to concentrate heat on the pins and pads of surface mount devices (SMD). This melts solder joints or reflows solder paste so parts can be removed or soldered. Different vendors\u2019 rework systems differ mainly by heat source and the hot air flow pattern. Some nozzles blow hot air above the SMD. From the device protection point of view, it is better to have airflow circulate around the PCB. To prevent PCB warpage, choose a rework system that can preheat the PCB.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"6936\" data-end=\"6957\">BGA Rework<\/h2><p data-start=\"6959\" data-end=\"7036\">This section summarizes BGA rework steps using an HT996 system as an example.<\/p><ol data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7057\"><li data-start=\"7038\" data-end=\"7057\"><p data-start=\"7041\" data-end=\"7057\"><strong>Removing the BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7059\" data-end=\"7268\">Clean and level the leftover solder on the PCB pads with a soldering iron. Use desolder braid and a flat-blade soldering iron tip as needed. When cleaning, be careful not to damage the pads or the solder mask.<\/p><p data-start=\"7270\" data-end=\"7316\">Use a special cleaner to remove flux residues.<\/p><ol start=\"2\" data-start=\"7318\" data-end=\"7341\"><li data-start=\"7318\" data-end=\"7341\"><p data-start=\"7321\" data-end=\"7341\"><strong>Dehydration (baking)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7343\" data-end=\"7495\">PBGA parts are sensitive to moisture. Before assembly, check if the part has absorbed moisture. If it is damp, perform a baking step to remove moisture.<\/p><ol start=\"3\" data-start=\"7497\" data-end=\"7521\"><li data-start=\"7497\" data-end=\"7521\"><p data-start=\"7500\" data-end=\"7521\"><strong>Solder paste printing<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"7523\" data-end=\"7911\">Because other components are already on the board, use a special small BGA stencil. The stencil thickness and aperture size depend on ball diameter and pitch. After printing, inspect the print quality. If it is not good, clean the PCB and dry it, then reprint. For CSP with pitch below 0.4 mm, solder paste printing may be skipped. In that case, apply flux paste directly on the PCB pads.<\/p><p data-start=\"7913\" data-end=\"8078\">Place the PCB in the reflow oven to remove the part. Run the reflow program. At the peak temperature, use a vacuum pick-up to remove the component. Let the PCB cool.<\/p><ol start=\"4\" data-start=\"8080\" data-end=\"8095\"><li data-start=\"8080\" data-end=\"8095\"><p data-start=\"8083\" data-end=\"8095\"><strong>Pad cleaning<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8097\" data-end=\"8233\">Use a soldering iron and desolder braid to clean and level solder residues on the PCB pads. Take care not to damage pads or solder mask.<\/p><ol start=\"5\" data-start=\"8235\" data-end=\"8257\"><li data-start=\"8235\" data-end=\"8257\"><p data-start=\"8238\" data-end=\"8257\"><strong>Dehydration (again)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8259\" data-end=\"8341\">Because PBGA is moisture sensitive, check and bake any damp parts before assembly.<\/p><ol start=\"6\" data-start=\"8343\" data-end=\"8375\"><li data-start=\"8343\" data-end=\"8375\"><p data-start=\"8346\" data-end=\"8375\"><strong>Solder paste printing (again)<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8377\" data-end=\"8668\">As before, use a small BGA-specific stencil. The stencil thickness and aperture must match ball size and pitch. After printing, check print quality. If not acceptable, clean and dry the PCB and reprint. For CSP with pitch under 0.4 mm, you may skip printing and apply flux paste on the pads.<\/p><ol start=\"7\" data-start=\"8670\" data-end=\"8688\"><li data-start=\"8670\" data-end=\"8688\"><p data-start=\"8673\" data-end=\"8688\"><strong>Placing the BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"8690\" data-end=\"8777\">If the BGA is new, check its moisture content. If it is damp, bake it before placement.<\/p><p data-start=\"8690\" data-end=\"8777\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3459\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Placing-the-BGA.webp\" alt=\"Placing the BGA\" width=\"557\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"8779\" data-end=\"8881\">Generally, removed BGA parts can be reused. But they must be re-balled first. Steps for placing a BGA:<\/p><p data-start=\"8883\" data-end=\"8941\">A. Put the PCB with printed solder paste on the workbench.<\/p><p data-start=\"8943\" data-end=\"9136\">B. Choose a proper nozzle and turn on the vacuum pump. Pick the BGA with the nozzle, align the BGA bottom with the PCB pads, lower the nozzle and place the BGA on the PCB, then turn off vacuum.<\/p><ol start=\"8\" data-start=\"9138\" data-end=\"9157\"><li data-start=\"9138\" data-end=\"9157\"><p data-start=\"9141\" data-end=\"9157\"><strong>Reflow soldering<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"9159\" data-end=\"9313\">Set the reflow profile according to device size and PCB thickness. BGA reflow temperatures are generally about 15\u00b0C higher than for traditional SMD parts.<\/p><ol start=\"9\" data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9328\"><li data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9328\"><p data-start=\"9318\" data-end=\"9328\"><strong>Inspection<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"9330\" data-end=\"9494\">BGA solder joint quality is usually inspected with X-ray or ultrasonic equipment. If you do not have those tools, use functional tests or experienced visual checks.<\/p><p data-start=\"9496\" data-end=\"9774\">Hold the finished PCB up to a light and check the BGA edges. Look at whether light passes through, whether the gap between the BGA and PCB is even around the sides, whether the solder paste fully melted, whether the solder ball shape is regular, and the amount of ball collapse.<\/p><p data-start=\"9496\" data-end=\"9774\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3454\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/BGA-Inspection.webp\" alt=\"BGA Inspection\" width=\"600\" height=\"478\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"9776\" data-end=\"9860\">If the joint is not translucent, there may be bridging or solder balls between pads.<\/p><p data-start=\"9862\" data-end=\"10005\">If ball shape is irregular or skewed, the temperature may be too low. Incomplete soldering can prevent the self-alignment effect during reflow.<\/p><p data-start=\"10007\" data-end=\"10267\">Ball collapse level depends on reflow temperature, amount of paste, and pad size. With correct pad design, normal collapse after reflow is about 1\/5 to 1\/3 of the pre-reflow ball height. If collapse is too large, temperature is too high and bridging can occur.<\/p><p data-start=\"10269\" data-end=\"10370\">If the gap between BGA edges and PCB is not uniform, the temperature around the package was not even.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10372\" data-end=\"10456\">Reballing (solder ball attachment) process<\/h2><ol data-start=\"10458\" data-end=\"10517\"><li data-start=\"10458\" data-end=\"10517\"><p data-start=\"10461\" data-end=\"10517\"><strong>Remove residual solder on the BGA bottom pads and clean.<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"10519\" data-end=\"10682\">Use a soldering iron to remove leftover solder on the PCB pads. Use desolder braid and a flat soldering iron tip. Be careful not to damage pads or the solder mask.<\/p><p data-start=\"10684\" data-end=\"10728\">Use special cleaner to remove flux residues.<\/p><p data-start=\"10684\" data-end=\"10728\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3461\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Remove-residual-solder-on-the-BGA-bottom-pads-and-clean.webp\" alt=\"Remove residual solder on the BGA bottom pads and clean\" width=\"435\" height=\"401\" \/><\/p><ol start=\"2\" data-start=\"10730\" data-end=\"10773\"><li data-start=\"10730\" data-end=\"10773\"><p data-start=\"10733\" data-end=\"10773\"><strong>Print flux on the bottom pads of the BGA<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"10775\" data-end=\"11038\">Often use high-viscosity flux for its stick and solder-aid properties. Ensure printed flux patterns are clear and do not spread. Sometimes solder paste is used instead of flux. If paste is used, the metal composition in the paste must match the solder ball metal.<\/p><p data-start=\"10775\" data-end=\"11038\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3460\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Print-flux.webp\" alt=\"Print flux\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"11040\" data-end=\"11222\">For printing, use a small special BGA stencil. Stencil thickness and aperture must match ball diameter and pitch. After printing, check print quality. If not good, clean and reprint.<\/p><ol start=\"3\" data-start=\"11224\" data-end=\"11246\"><li data-start=\"11224\" data-end=\"11246\"><p data-start=\"11227\" data-end=\"11246\">Choose solder balls<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"11248\" data-end=\"11449\">When choosing solder balls, consider ball material and diameter. PBGA solder balls normally use 63Sn\/37Pb, the same alloy used in reflow solder. So choose balls with the same alloy as the device balls.<\/p><p data-start=\"11451\" data-end=\"11634\">Ball size choice matters. If you use high-viscosity flux, choose balls the same diameter as the device balls. If you use solder paste, choose balls slightly smaller than device balls.<\/p><ol start=\"4\" data-start=\"11636\" data-end=\"11654\"><li data-start=\"11636\" data-end=\"11654\"><p data-start=\"11639\" data-end=\"11654\"><strong>Ball attachment<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"11656\" data-end=\"11698\">There are several methods to attach balls:<\/p><p data-start=\"11700\" data-end=\"11722\"><strong>A) Ball machine method<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"11724\" data-end=\"12016\">If you have a ball machine, choose a template that matches the BGA pad layout. Template aperture should be 0.05\u20130.1 mm larger than ball diameter. Evenly sprinkle balls on the template. Shake the ball machine so extra balls roll into the collection tray, leaving exactly one ball in each hole.<\/p><p data-start=\"12018\" data-end=\"12392\">Place the template on the workbench. Pick up the printed flux or paste-coated BGA with a vacuum nozzle. Align and lower the BGA onto the balls in the template so that the paste or flux holds balls on the device pads. Use tweezers to hold the device frame and turn off vacuum. Place the device ball-side-up on the bench. Check for missing balls and add by tweezers if needed.<\/p><p data-start=\"12394\" data-end=\"12412\"><strong>B) Template method<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"12414\" data-end=\"12919\">Place the flux or paste-coated BGA on the bench, flux facing up. Prepare a template that matches the BGA pad layout. Template aperture should be 0.05\u20130.1 mm larger than ball diameter. Support the template around the edges on shims so the distance to the BGA is equal to or slightly less than the ball diameter. Align under a microscope. Sprinkle balls evenly on the template. Remove extra balls with tweezers so one ball remains in each hole. Remove the template and check, replenishing any missing balls.<\/p><p data-start=\"12921\" data-end=\"12940\"><strong>C) Manual placement<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"12942\" data-end=\"13080\">Place the flux or paste-coated BGA on the bench. Use tweezers or a pick-up pen like with ordinary SMD placement to place balls one by one.<\/p><p data-start=\"12942\" data-end=\"13080\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3458\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Manual-placement.webp\" alt=\"Manual placement\" width=\"600\" height=\"389\" \/><\/p><p data-start=\"13082\" data-end=\"13113\"><strong>D) Solder paste printing method<\/strong><\/p><p data-start=\"13115\" data-end=\"13272\">Make the stencil thicker and slightly enlarge the aperture. Print solder paste directly on the BGA pads. Surface tension will form solder balls after reflow.<\/p><ol start=\"5\" data-start=\"13274\" data-end=\"13283\"><li data-start=\"13274\" data-end=\"13283\"><p data-start=\"13277\" data-end=\"13283\"><strong>Reflow<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13285\" data-end=\"13330\">Run reflow to fix solder balls to the device.<\/p><ol start=\"6\" data-start=\"13332\" data-end=\"13368\"><li data-start=\"13332\" data-end=\"13368\"><p data-start=\"13335\" data-end=\"13368\"><strong>Post-solder cleaning and handling<\/strong><\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"13370\" data-end=\"13554\">After reballing, clean the BGA device thoroughly. Then assemble and solder it as soon as possible. This prevents the solder balls from oxidizing and the device from absorbing moisture.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"13556\" data-end=\"13587\"><strong>Summary<\/strong><\/h2><p data-start=\"13589\" data-end=\"13894\">With continuous advances in technology, modern life is closely tied to electronics. Tiny mobile phones, small radios, portable computers, memory, hard drives, CD drives and high-definition TVs all demand miniaturization and light weight. To reach this, we must work on production processes and components.<\/p><p data-start=\"13896\" data-end=\"14376\">SMT (Surface Mount Technology) matched this trend and laid the foundation for light, thin, short, and small electronic products. Since SMT matured in the 1990s, electronic product trends toward portability, miniaturization, networking and multimedia pushed assembly technology further. New high-density assembly methods emerged. BGA is one high-density assembly method that has reached practical use. 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