{"id":2434,"date":"2025-09-08T05:45:45","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T05:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=2434"},"modified":"2025-09-26T02:31:17","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T02:31:17","slug":"gold-finger-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/gold-finger-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e9miov\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se zlat\u00fdmi prsty pro robustn\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Co jsou zlat\u00e9 prsty PCB?<\/h2>\n

Na po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch a grafick\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt \u0159adu vodiv\u00fdch kontakt\u016f zlat\u00e9 barvy. Lidov\u011b se jim \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 \u201czlat\u00e9 prsty\u201d. V oblasti n\u00e1vrhu a v\u00fdroby desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se zlat\u00e9 prsty (naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 tak\u00e9 \u201czlat\u00fd prst\u201d nebo \u201ckonektor na hran\u011b\u201d) pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k p\u0159ipojen\u00ed desky do z\u00e1suvky. Zlat\u00e9 prsty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed desky k dal\u0161\u00edm \u010d\u00e1stem syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

\"gold<\/p>\n

Zlat\u00fd prst funguje tak, \u017ee se jeden okraj desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f zasune do slotu pro konektor. Kol\u00edky konektoru se na ur\u010dit\u00fdch m\u00edstech dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed plo\u0161ek desky nebo m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fdch stop. T\u00edm se vytvo\u0159\u00ed cesta pro vstup a v\u00fdstup sign\u00e1l\u016f a nap\u00e1jen\u00ed z desky. Kv\u016fli odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a dobr\u00e9mu kontaktu jsou plo\u0161ky nebo m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 stopy na desce pokoveny niklem a zlatem. Proto\u017ee pokoven\u00e9 plo\u0161ky vypadaj\u00ed jako prsty, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se jim zlat\u00e9 prsty.<\/p>\n

\n

Typy zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f<\/h2>\n

Podle tvaru<\/h3>\n

Existuj\u00ed dva b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 tvary. Jeden je rovn\u00fd. Druh\u00fd je zak\u0159iven\u00fd. Rovn\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro pam\u011bti typu DDR, DDR2, DDR3 a DDR3L. Zak\u0159iven\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro pam\u011bti DDR4 a DDR5.<\/p>\n

\"the<\/p>\n

Podle pozice<\/h3>\n

Zlat\u00e9 prsty mohou b\u00fdt na jedn\u00e9 nebo na obou stran\u00e1ch desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Jednostrann\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou um\u00edst\u011bny pouze na jedn\u00e9 hran\u011b desky. Oboustrann\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou na obou hran\u00e1ch. Oboustrann\u00e9 typy jsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 u za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dvouslotov\u00e9 konektory, nap\u0159\u00edklad PCI, ISA a AGP.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Podle d\u00e9lky<\/h3>\n

Zlat\u00e9 prsty mohou m\u00edt v jedn\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b r\u016fznou d\u00e9lku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kontakty jsou del\u0161\u00ed a n\u011bkter\u00e9 krat\u0161\u00ed. Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i to d\u011blaj\u00ed proto, aby ur\u010dit\u00fdm pin\u016fm p\u0159i\u0159adili r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce nebo priority. Nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouh\u00e9 plo\u0161ky mohou ozna\u010dovat nap\u00e1jec\u00ed, zemnic\u00ed nebo resetovac\u00ed piny.<\/p>\n

\n

Jak\u00e9 povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro PCB se zlat\u00fdmi prsty?<\/h2>\n

Existuje n\u011bkolik hlavn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f.<\/p>\n

Galvanicky pokoven\u00e9 nikl-zlato (tvrd\u00e9 zlato)<\/h3>\n

Ta m\u016f\u017ee dosahovat tlou\u0161\u0165ky 3 a\u017e 50 mikroinch\u016f. Proto\u017ee dob\u0159e vede vodu, odol\u00e1v\u00e1 oxidaci a dob\u0159e se opot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed lid\u00e9 tvrd\u00e9 zlato pro zlat\u00e9 prsty, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto zapojuj\u00ed a odpojuj\u00ed nebo \u010del\u00ed mechanick\u00e9mu t\u0159en\u00ed. Tvrd\u00e9 zlato je drah\u00e9. Proto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze pro mal\u00e9 plochy, jako jsou zlat\u00e9 prsty, nikoliv pro celou desku.<\/p>\n

Immersion Gold (ENIG<\/a>)<\/h3>\n

Obvykl\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ka je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 mikrocentimetr a m\u016f\u017ee dosahovat a\u017e 3 mikrocentimetr\u016f. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato m\u00e1 dobrou vodivost, rovinnost a p\u00e1jitelnost. Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i jej pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9 desky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010de, lepen\u00e9 integrovan\u00e9 obvody nebo sou\u010d\u00e1stky BGA. Pokud zlat\u00fd prst nepot\u0159ebuje velmi vysokou odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se na celou desku pou\u017e\u00edt imerzn\u00ed zlato. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato stoj\u00ed mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e galvanicky pokoven\u00e9 tvrd\u00e9 zlato. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato vypad\u00e1 \u017elut\u011b.<\/p>\n

\n

Jak\u00fd je proces pokovov\u00e1n\u00ed desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f zlatem?<\/h2>\n

Pr\u016fb\u011bh tvrd\u00e9ho zlacen\u00ed zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f na desk\u00e1ch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f prob\u00edh\u00e1 takto:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    Ob\u00e1lka s modr\u00fdm inkoustem (kryc\u00ed maska)<\/strong>
    Cel\u00fd povrch desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f zakryjte modrou ochrannou maskou s v\u00fdjimkou zlat\u00fdch podlo\u017eek pod prsty, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba natvrdo pozlatit. Dbejte na to, aby vodiv\u00e9 plochy odpov\u00eddaly orientaci desky.\"Gold<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    Odstran\u011bn\u00ed oxidu z povrchu m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 podlo\u017eky<\/strong>
    K odstran\u011bn\u00ed oxidov\u00e9 vrstvy z povrchu m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 podlo\u017eky desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f pou\u017eijte kyselinu s\u00edrovou. Pot\u00e9 m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd povrch opl\u00e1chn\u011bte vodou. Pot\u00e9 povrch podlo\u017eky d\u00e1le o\u010dist\u00edme brou\u0161en\u00edm nebo drhnut\u00edm. Pot\u00e9 m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd povrch opl\u00e1chneme vodou a deionizovanou vodou.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    Niklov\u00e1 desti\u010dka na m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9m povrchu plo\u0161n\u00e9ho spoje<\/strong>
    Po vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed naneseme proudem na povrch zlat\u00e9 podlo\u017eky prst\u016f niklovou vrstvu. Pot\u00e9 opl\u00e1chneme poniklovan\u00e9 podlo\u017eky vodou a deionizovanou vodou.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    Zlat\u00e1 desti\u010dka na poniklovan\u00fdch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u00edch<\/strong>
    Po poniklov\u00e1n\u00ed naneseme proudem na nikl vrstvu zlata. Nepou\u017eit\u00e9 zlato z\u00edsk\u00e1me zp\u011bt. Pot\u00e9 opl\u00e1chneme povrch zlat\u00e9ho prstu nejprve vodou a pot\u00e9 deionizovanou vodou.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  5. \n

    Odstran\u011bn\u00ed modr\u00e9ho inkoustu<\/strong>
    Nyn\u00ed je tvrd\u00e9 zlato na zlat\u00fdch prstech plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f hotov\u00e9. Odstra\u0148te modr\u00fd inkoust a pokra\u010dujte ve zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed DPS do kroku tisku p\u00e1jec\u00ed masky.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Z v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch krok\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee proces v\u00fdroby zlat\u00e9ho prstu nen\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fd. P\u0159esto jen n\u011bkolik tov\u00e1ren na v\u00fdrobu desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f dok\u00e1\u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bt proces zlat\u00e9ho prstu ve vlastn\u00ed re\u017eii.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Jak pou\u017e\u00edvat PCB Gold Fingers<\/h2>\n

    1. Hranov\u00fd konektor<\/h3>\n

    Kdy\u017e se dce\u0159in\u00e1 deska p\u0159ipojuje k hlavn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce, zapojuje se do jednoho z n\u011bkolika slot\u016f, jako jsou sloty PCI, ISA nebo AGP. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u011bchto slot\u016f p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed zlat\u00e9 prsty sign\u00e1ly mezi perifern\u00ed nebo dce\u0159inou kartou a samotn\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edta\u010dem.<\/p>\n

    \"AGP<\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/p>\n

    Z\u00e1suvka portu PCI na desce plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f je \u010dasto plastov\u00fd kryt, kter\u00fd se otev\u00edr\u00e1 na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b. Na jednom nebo obou konc\u00edch del\u0161\u00ed hrany m\u00e1 kol\u00edky. Konektor m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat kl\u00ed\u010dovac\u00ed hrbol nebo z\u00e1\u0159ez, kter\u00fd zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee do z\u00e1suvky p\u016fjde spr\u00e1vn\u00fd typ karty. \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka z\u00e1suvky se vol\u00ed podle tlou\u0161\u0165ky desky. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b z\u00e1suvky se obvykle nach\u00e1z\u00ed konektor s izola\u010dn\u00edm posunem pro p\u00e1skov\u00fd kabel. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b se m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ipojit tak\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed deska nebo dce\u0159in\u00e1 karta.<\/p>\n

    2. Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed adapt\u00e9ry<\/h3>\n

    Zlat\u00e9 prsty umo\u017enily osobn\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016fm z\u00edskat mnoho nov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed. Vlo\u017een\u00edm dce\u0159in\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f vertik\u00e1ln\u011b do z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desky lze do po\u010d\u00edta\u010de p\u0159idat lep\u0161\u00ed grafiku nebo vysoce v\u011brn\u00fd zvuk. Tyto karty se \u010dasto neodpojuj\u00ed a znovu nezapojuj\u00ed. Zlat\u00e9 prsty na t\u011bchto kart\u00e1ch jsou tedy obvykle odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e karty samotn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

    3. Extern\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed<\/h3>\n

    Perifern\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159idan\u00e1 k po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 stanici se mohou p\u0159ipojit k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f na desce plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jako reproduktory, subwoofery, skenery, tisk\u00e1rny a monitory se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed do slot\u016f v zadn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ee. Tyto sloty se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed k desk\u00e1m plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou zase p\u0159ipojeny k z\u00e1kladn\u00ed desce.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Pravidla pro navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f na PCB<\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. \n

      Pr\u016fchoz\u00ed otvory by m\u011bly b\u00fdt vzd\u00e1leny od zlat\u00e9ho prstu.<\/strong> \u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd pr\u016fchoz\u00ed nebo pokoven\u00fd otvor se nesm\u00ed nach\u00e1zet v oblasti kontaktu s hranou.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Pro desky, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba \u010dasto vkl\u00e1dat a vyj\u00edmat, pou\u017e\u00edvejte tvrd\u00e9 zlato.<\/strong> Tvrd\u00e9 zlato zvy\u0161uje odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Chemick\u00e9 niklov\u00e9\/imerzn\u00ed zlato je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tvrd\u00e9 zlato. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato se v\u0161ak h\u016f\u0159e opot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Zlat\u00e9 prsty pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed fazety.<\/strong> B\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u00fahel je 45 stup\u0148\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se i jin\u00e9 \u00fahly, nap\u0159\u00edklad 20 nebo 30 stup\u0148\u016f. Pokud konstrukce vynech\u00e1 zkosen\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to zp\u016fsobit probl\u00e9my p\u0159i vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Otev\u0159ete p\u00e1jec\u00ed masku nad celou oblast\u00ed zlat\u00e9ho prstu.<\/strong> Nepou\u017e\u00edvejte \u0161ablonu p\u00e1jec\u00ed masky pro piny.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost od p\u00e1jec\u00edch nebo st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00fdch plo\u0161ek ke \u0161pi\u010dce prstu je 14 mil.<\/strong> Doporu\u010duje se, aby podlo\u017eky byly od zlat\u00e9ho prstu vzd\u00e1leny alespo\u0148 1 mm, a to i p\u0159es podlo\u017eky.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      Na povrchu zlat\u00e9ho prstu nenech\u00e1vejte odkrytou m\u011b\u010f.<\/strong> Kontaktn\u00ed plocha by m\u011bla b\u00fdt pokoven\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    7. \n

      Pod zlat\u00fdm prstem na vnit\u0159n\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch od\u0159\u00edzn\u011bte m\u011b\u010f.<\/strong> V\u0161echny vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy pod zlat\u00fdm prstem by m\u011bly m\u00edt odstran\u011bnou m\u011b\u010f. Obvykle je \u0161\u00ed\u0159ka m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 vrstvy 3 mm. M\u016f\u017eete prov\u00e9st p\u016flpalcov\u00fd nebo celopalcov\u00fd v\u00fd\u0159ez m\u011bdi. U n\u00e1vrh\u016f PCIe n\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u016fkazy ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee m\u011b\u010f pod zlat\u00fdm prstem by m\u011bla b\u00fdt zcela odstran\u011bna.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Zlat\u00e9 prsty maj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed impedanci ne\u017e typick\u00e9 sign\u00e1lov\u00e9 stopy. \u0158ez\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bdi pod prstem sni\u017euje rozd\u00edl impedance mezi zlat\u00fdm prstem a sousedn\u00edmi veden\u00edmi s \u0159\u00edzenou impedanc\u00ed. To tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 proti ESD.<\/p>\n

      \n

      \u00a0<\/h1>\n

      Rozd\u00edl mezi ponorn\u00fdm zlatem a zlat\u00fdmi prsty<\/h2>\n

      Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou mosazn\u00e9 nebo m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 kontaktn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato je jedn\u00edm z typ\u016f povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na desk\u00e1ch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n

      Zlato dob\u0159e odol\u00e1v\u00e1 oxidaci. Zlato tak\u00e9 dob\u0159e vede elektrick\u00fd proud. U pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch karet jsou \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e9 se spojuj\u00ed s pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdm slotem, pota\u017eeny zlatem, aby sign\u00e1ly proch\u00e1zely zlat\u00fdmi prsty. Zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou sadou \u017elut\u00fdch vodiv\u00fdch kontakt\u016f. Tyto kontakty jsou na povrchu pokoveny zlatem a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny jako prsty. Proto je jejich n\u00e1zev odvozen od jejich vzhledu p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho prsty.<\/p>\n

      Jednodu\u0161e \u0159e\u010deno, zlat\u00fd prst je spojovac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9 karty, kter\u00e1 se dot\u00fdk\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00e9ho slotu. V\u0161echny sign\u00e1ly proch\u00e1zej\u00ed zlat\u00fdm prstem.<\/p>\n

      Zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou vyrobeny z m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 desky. Pot\u00e9 jsou kontaktn\u00ed plochy speci\u00e1ln\u00edm postupem pokoveny vrstvou zlata.<\/p>\n

      Zjednodu\u0161en\u011b \u0159e\u010deno: ponorn\u00e9 zlato (ENIG) je typ povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 na desku. Zlat\u00fd prst je \u010d\u00e1st desky, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 sign\u00e1ly a vede mezi deskou a patic\u00ed.<\/p>\n

      Na trhu se na zlat\u00fd povrch prst\u016f nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u017edy prav\u00e9 zlato. Zlato je drah\u00e9. Mnoho pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch karet nyn\u00ed m\u00edsto zlata pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 poc\u00ednov\u00e1n\u00ed. Od 90. let 20. stolet\u00ed se c\u00edn stal b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm. Dnes v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00e1kladn\u00edch desek, pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch karet a grafick\u00fdch karet pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 c\u00edn pro \u201czlat\u00e9 prsty\u201d. Pouze n\u011bkter\u00e9 vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1sti server\u016f nebo pracovn\u00edch stanic st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zlato pro kontaktn\u00ed body. Tyto d\u00edly stoj\u00ed mnohem v\u00edce.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Souhrn<\/h2>\n

      Zlat\u00e9 prsty jsou krajn\u00ed kontakty na desk\u00e1ch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, kter\u00e9 se zapojuj\u00ed do z\u00e1suvek. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159ipojen\u00ed desky k ostatn\u00edm sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1m. Vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed se pokoven\u00edm plo\u0161ek desky niklem a zlatem. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 tvary, polohy a d\u00e9lky zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f pro r\u016fzn\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed. Povrchov\u00e9 \u00fapravy zahrnuj\u00ed tvrd\u00e9 pozlacen\u00ed a ponorn\u00e9 pozlacen\u00ed. Tvrd\u00e9 zlato je nejlep\u0161\u00ed pro opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Ponorn\u00e9 zlato je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a st\u00e1le p\u00e1jiteln\u00e9. Konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i mus\u00ed udr\u017eovat podlo\u017eky a pr\u016fchodky mimo kontaktn\u00ed hranu. Mus\u00ed p\u0159idat zkosen\u00ed a otev\u0159\u00edt p\u00e1jec\u00ed masku. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed m\u011b\u010f pod prstem by m\u011bla b\u00fdt obvykle od\u0159\u00edznuta. Tr\u017en\u00ed praxe p\u0159e\u0161la u mnoha spot\u0159ebn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f z d\u016fvodu ceny od prav\u00e9ho zlata k poc\u00ednov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pouze speci\u00e1ln\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u00farovni server\u016f \u010dasto st\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed prav\u00e9 zlato.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t

      \u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJak\u00e9 typy pokoven\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro zlat\u00e9 prsty?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

      Dva b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy: galvanick\u00e9 pokovov\u00e1n\u00ed tvrd\u00e9 zlato<\/strong> (odoln\u00fd proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tam, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mnoha z\u00e1sah\u016fm) a ENIG<\/strong> (elektrolytick\u00e9 ponorn\u00e9 zlato - ten\u010d\u00ed, snadn\u011bji p\u00e1jiteln\u00e9, ale m\u00e9n\u011b odoln\u00e9 proti od\u011bru). Vyb\u00edrejte podle cykl\u016f vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a pot\u0159eb p\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJak siln\u00e1 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt vrstva zlata na zlat\u00fdch prstech?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

      Typick\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ka tvrd\u00e9ho zlata pro konektory na hran\u00e1ch je podstatn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ENIG - pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 pokyny a specifikace konektor\u016f \u010dasto po\u017eaduj\u00ed des\u00edtky mikroinch\u016f (historicky 30-50 \u00b5\u2033 nebo v\u00edce pro siln\u00e9 opot\u0159eben\u00ed); zkontrolujte specifikaci konektoru nebo pokyny IPC pro va\u0161i t\u0159\u00eddu pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJak\u00e1 pravidla rozlo\u017een\u00ed\/pr\u016fhlednosti plat\u00ed pro zlat\u00e9 prsty?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

      Dodr\u017eujte bezpe\u010dnou vzd\u00e1lenost od okraje desky (b\u011b\u017en\u011b \u2265 0,5 mm) a neumis\u0165ujte SMD plo\u0161ky, pokoven\u00e9 otvory nebo jin\u00e9 m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 prvky do vzd\u00e1lenosti ~ 1-2 mm od prstov\u00e9 z\u00f3ny; p\u0159esn\u00e9 limity najdete na v\u00fdrobn\u00edm listu v\u00fdrobce.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tJak se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed zlat\u00e9 prsty?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

      B\u011b\u017en\u00fd postup: definujte v rozvr\u017een\u00ed okrajov\u00e9 plo\u0161ky \u2192 pokovte m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 plo\u0161ky (PTH nebo odkryt\u00e9 plo\u0161ky) \u2192 naneste niklovou bari\u00e9ru \u2192 pokovte tvrd\u00fdm zlatem (nebo pou\u017eijte ENIG) \u2192 profilujte okraj desky tak, aby se pokoven\u00e9 plo\u0161ky staly povrchem konektoru. Pro galvanick\u00e9 pokoven\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vy\u017eadov\u00e1n design desky a otev\u0159en\u00e9 okraje stojanu\/r\u00e1mu.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExistuj\u00ed levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed alternativy zlat\u00fdch prst\u016f?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

      Ano - v z\u00e1vislosti na cen\u011b, zp\u016fsobu mont\u00e1\u017ee a po\u017eadavc\u00edch na trvanlivost pou\u017eijte modul\u00e1rn\u00ed konektory (SMT nebo pr\u016fchoz\u00ed konektory na hran\u011b), pokoven\u00e9 polod\u00edry\/kastelov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo podlo\u017eky pogo-pin. Pro vysok\u00e9 cykly p\u00e1rov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed obvykle nejlep\u0161\u00ed volbou zlat\u00e9 prsty.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

      \n\t\t\t\t\t
      \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tN\u00e1zev akordeonu<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
      \uc544\ucf54\ub514\uc5b8 \ucf58\ud150\uce20<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Co jsou zlat\u00e9 prsty PCB? Na po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch pam\u011b\u0165ov\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch a grafick\u00fdch kart\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt \u0159adu zlat\u011b zbarven\u00fdch [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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      What Are PCB Gold Fingers?<\\\/h2>\\n

      On computer memory sticks and on graphics cards, we can see a row of gold-colored conductive contacts. People call them \\u201cgold fingers.\\u201d In the PCB design and manufacturing field, gold fingers (also called \\u201cGold Finger\\u201d or \\u201cEdge Connector\\u201d) use a connector to plug the board into a socket. The gold fingers let the board connect to other parts of the system.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\\"gold<\\\/p>\\n

      A gold finger works by inserting one edge of the PCB into a connector slot. The connector\\u2019s pins touch the board\\u2019s pads or copper traces at specific places. This makes a path for signals and power to go in and out of the board. For wear resistance and good contact, the pads or copper on the board are plated with nickel and gold. Because the plated pads look like fingers, people call them gold fingers.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\n

      Types of Gold Fingers<\\\/h2>\\n

      By Shape<\\\/h3>\\n

      There are two common shapes. One is straight. The other is curved. Straight gold fingers fit memory types like DDR, DDR2, DDR3, and DDR3L. Curved gold fingers suit DDR4 and DDR5 memory sticks.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\\"the<\\\/p>\\n

      By Position<\\\/h3>\\n

      Gold fingers can be on one side or on both sides of the PCB. Single-sided gold fingers sit only on one edge of the board. Double-sided gold fingers appear on both edges. Double-sided types are common for devices that use double-slot connectors, such as PCI, ISA, and AGP.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\\"\\\"<\\\/p>\\n

      By Length<\\\/h3>\\n

      Gold fingers can have mixed lengths in one row. Some contacts are longer and some are shorter. Designers do this to give different functions or priorities to certain pins. For example, long pads may mark power, ground, or reset pins.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\n

      What Surface Treatments Are Used for Gold Finger PCBs?<\\\/h2>\\n

      There are a few main surface treatments for gold fingers.<\\\/p>\\n

      Electroplated Nickel-Gold (Hard Gold)<\\\/h3>\\n

      This can reach a thickness of 3 to 50 microinches. Because it conducts well, resists oxidation, and wears well, people use hard gold for gold fingers that plug and unplug often or face mechanical friction. Hard gold is expensive. So it is used only for small areas such as the gold fingers, not for the whole board.<\\\/p>\\n

      Immersion Gold (ENIG<\\\/a>)<\\\/h3>\\n

      Typical thickness is about 1 microinch, and it can go up to 3 microinches. Immersion gold has good conductivity, flatness, and solderability. Designers use it for high precision boards that have keys, bonded ICs, or BGA parts. If a gold finger does not need very high wear resistance, the whole board can use immersion gold. Immersion gold costs much less than electroplated hard gold. Immersion gold looks yellow.<\\\/p>\\n

      \\n

      What Is the PCB Gold Finger Plating Process?<\\\/h2>\\n

      The hard gold plating flow for PCB gold fingers goes like this:<\\\/p>\\n

        \\n
      1. \\n

        Cover with blue ink (cover mask)<\\\/strong>
        Cover the entire PCB surface with a blue protective mask except the gold finger pads that need hard gold. Make sure the conductive areas align with the board orientation.\\\"Gold<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

      2. \\n

        Remove oxide from the copper pad surface<\\\/strong>
        Use sulfuric acid to remove the oxide layer from the copper pad surface of the PCB. Then rinse the copper surface with water. After that, we grind or scrub to further clean the pad surface. Next, we rinse the copper surface with water and deionized water.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

      3. \\n

        Plate nickel on the PCB pad copper surface<\\\/strong>
        After cleaning, we apply current to plate a nickel layer onto the gold finger pad surface. Then we rinse the nickel-plated pads with water and deionized water.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

      4. \\n

        Plate gold on the nickel-plated PCB pads<\\\/strong>
        After nickel plating, we apply current to plate a layer of gold on top of the nickel. We recover the unused gold. Then we rinse the gold finger surface first with water, then with deionized water.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

      5. \\n

        Remove the blue ink<\\\/strong>
        Now the hard gold on the PCB gold fingers is finished. Remove the blue ink and continue PCB processing to the soldermask printing step.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\\n

        From the steps above, the gold finger process is not complex. Still, only a few PCB factories can do the gold finger process in-house.<\\\/p>\\n

        \\n

        How to Use PCB Gold Fingers<\\\/h2>\\n

        1. Edge Connector<\\\/h3>\\n

        When a daughter PCB connects to a main motherboard, it plugs into one of several female slots, such as PCI, ISA, or AGP slots. Through these slots, gold fingers transfer signals between the peripheral or daughter card and the computer itself.<\\\/p>\\n

        \\\"AGP<\\\/p>\\n

        \\u00a0<\\\/p>\\n

        A PCI port socket on a PCB is often a plastic housing that opens on one side. It has pins at one or both ends of the longer edge. The connector may include a keying bump or notch to make sure the correct card type goes into the socket. The socket width is chosen based on the board thickness. On the other side of the socket, usually there is an insulation displacement connector for a ribbon cable. The motherboard or daughter card can also connect on the other side.<\\\/p>\\n

        2. Special Adapters<\\\/h3>\\n

        Gold fingers let personal computers gain many new functions. By inserting a daughter PCB vertically into the motherboard, the computer can add better graphics or high-fidelity sound. These cards are not often unplugged and re-plugged. So the gold fingers on these cards are usually more durable than the cards themselves.<\\\/p>\\n

        3. External Connections<\\\/h3>\\n

        Peripherals added to a computer station can link to the motherboard through PCB gold fingers. Devices like speakers, subwoofers, scanners, printers, and monitors plug into slots at the back of a computer tower. Those slots connect to PCBs that are in turn connected to the motherboard.<\\\/p>\\n

        \\n

        PCB Gold Finger Design Rules<\\\/h2>\\n
          \\n
        1. \\n

          Plated through-holes should be away from the gold finger.<\\\/strong> Keep any via or plated hole clear of the edge contact area.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        2. \\n

          Use hard gold for boards that need frequent insertion and removal.<\\\/strong> Hard gold increases wear resistance. Chemical nickel\\\/immersion gold is cheaper than hard gold. But immersion gold wears less well.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        3. \\n

          Gold fingers need chamfers.<\\\/strong> A common angle is 45 degrees. Other angles like 20 or 30 degrees are also used. If the design omits the chamfer, it may cause problems during insertion.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        4. \\n

          Open the soldermask over the whole gold finger region.<\\\/strong> Do not use a soldermask stencil for the pins.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        5. \\n

          Minimum distance from solder or silver pads to the finger tip is 14 mil.<\\\/strong> It is recommended to keep pads at least 1 mm away from the gold finger area, including via pads.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        6. \\n

          Do not leave exposed copper on the gold finger surface.<\\\/strong> The contact surface should be plated.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n

        7. \\n

          Cut copper under the gold finger on inner layers.<\\\/strong> All inner layers under the gold finger should have copper removed. Usually the copper keepout width is 3 mm. You can do half-finger or full-finger copper cut. In PCIe designs, some evidence shows that the copper under the gold finger should be fully removed.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\\n

          Gold fingers have a lower impedance than typical signal traces. Cutting copper under the finger reduces the impedance difference between the gold finger and adjacent impedance-controlled lines. This also helps against ESD.<\\\/p>\\n

          \\n

          \\u00a0<\\\/h1>\\n

          Difference Between Immersion Gold and Gold Fingers<\\\/h2>\\n

          To put it simply, gold fingers are the brass or copper contact pieces. Immersion gold is one type of surface finish used on PCBs.<\\\/p>\\n

          Gold resists oxidation well. Gold also conducts electricity well. On memory sticks, the parts that mate with the memory slot are plated with gold so that the signals pass through the gold fingers. Gold fingers are a set of yellow conductive contacts. These contacts are plated with gold on the surface and arranged like fingers. That is why the name comes from their finger-like look.<\\\/p>\\n

          In plain words, a gold finger is the connection part on a memory stick that meets the memory slot. All signals pass through the gold finger.<\\\/p>\\n

          Gold fingers are made from the copper-clad board. Then the contact areas are plated with a layer of gold by a special process.<\\\/p>\\n

          So, simply put: immersion gold (ENIG) is a surface finish type applied to the board. A gold finger is the board part that has signals and conducts between the board and the socket.<\\\/p>\\n

          In the market, the gold finger surface does not always use real gold. Gold is costly. Many memory sticks now use tin plating instead of gold. Since the 1990s, tin has become common. Today, most motherboards, memory sticks, and graphics cards use tin for the \\u201cgold fingers.\\u201d Only some high-performance server or workstation parts still use gold for contact points. Those parts cost much more.<\\\/p>\\n

          \\n

          Summary<\\\/h2>\\n

          Gold fingers are the edge contacts on PCBs that plug into sockets. They allow the board to connect to other parts. They are made by plating the board pads with nickel and gold. There are different shapes, positions, and lengths of gold fingers for various uses. Surface finishes include hard gold plating and immersion gold. Hard gold is best for wear. Immersion gold is cheaper and still solderable. Designers must keep pads and vias away from the contact edge. They must add chamfers and open the soldermask. Inner copper under the finger should usually be cut away. Market practice moved from real gold to tin plating in many consumer products because of cost. Only special or server-level devices often still use real gold.<\\\/p>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"09f076d\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":false},{\"id\":\"ot1gw1c\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"settings\":{\"gap\":\"no\",\"content_position\":\"top\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"background_color\":\"#FFFFFF00\",\"background_position\":\"bottom center\",\"background_attachment\":\"scroll\",\"background_repeat\":\"no-repeat\",\"background_size\":\"cover\",\"background_size_mobile\":\"cover\",\"background_overlay_background\":\"classic\",\"background_overlay_color_b\":\"rgba(255,255,255,0)\",\"background_overlay_opacity\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"120\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"120\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"80\",\"right\":\"40\",\"bottom\":\"80\",\"left\":\"40\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"25\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"25\",\"isLinked\":false},\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":800,\"sizes\":[]},\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"5ab98b5\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"7882748\",\"elType\":\"column\",\"settings\":{\"_column_size\":100,\"_inline_size\":null,\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"space_between_widgets\":40,\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"e4a1634\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9fc6712\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Frequently Asked Questions\",\"align\":\"center\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"5513629\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"631b990\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"tab_title\":\"Which plating types are used for gold fingers?\",\"tab_content\":\"

          Two common approaches: electroplated hard gold<\\\/strong> (wear-resistant, used where many insertions occur) and ENIG<\\\/strong> (electroless nickel immersion gold \\u2014 thinner, easier to solder but less abrasion resistant). Choose based on insertion cycles and soldering needs.<\\\/p>\",\"_id\":\"1f7b19c\"},{\"_id\":\"ba6ba9f\",\"tab_title\":\"How thick should the gold be on gold fingers?\",\"tab_content\":\"

          Typical hard-gold thickness for edge connectors is substantially higher than ENIG \\u2014 industry guidance and connector specs often call for tens of microinches (historically 30\\u201350 \\u00b5\\u2033 or more for heavy wear); check the connector spec or IPC guidance for your class of use.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"98d6dfa\",\"tab_title\":\"What layout\\\/clearance rules apply to gold fingers?\",\"tab_content\":\"

          Keep a safe clearance from the board edge (commonly \\u22650.5 mm) and avoid placing SMD pads, plated holes or other copper within ~1\\u20132 mm of the finger zone; follow your fabricator\\u2019s capability sheet for exact limits.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"b972b24\",\"tab_title\":\"How are gold fingers manufactured?\",\"tab_content\":\"

          Common process: define edge pads in the layout \\u2192 plate copper pads (PTH or exposed pads) \\u2192 apply nickel barrier \\u2192 electroplate hard gold (or apply ENIG) \\u2192 profile the board edge so the plated pads become the connector surface. Panel design and rack\\\/frame open borders may be required for electroplating.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"bd0cbfc\",\"tab_title\":\"Are there lower-cost alternatives to gold fingers?\",\"tab_content\":\"

          Yes \\u2014 use modular connectors (SMT or through-hole edge connectors), plated half-holes\\\/castellations, or pogo-pin pads depending on cost, assembly method, and durability requirements. For high mating cycles, gold fingers usually remain the best option.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"af4e213\",\"tab_title\":\"Accordion Title\"}],\"border_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":1,\"sizes\":[]},\"border_color\":\"#F5F5F5\",\"selected_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-plus-circle\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"selected_active_icon\":{\"value\":\"fas fa-minus-circle\",\"library\":\"fa-solid\"},\"tab_active_color\":\"rgba(0, 124, 186, 0.97)\",\"_border_radius\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"_box_shadow_box_shadow\":{\"horizontal\":0,\"vertical\":3,\"blur\":12,\"spread\":4,\"color\":\"rgba(0, 0, 0, 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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t
          \\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"e6eeb14","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<h2 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"28\">What Are PCB Gold Fingers?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"30\" data-end=\"387\">On computer memory sticks and on graphics cards, we can see a row of gold-colored conductive contacts. People call them \u201cgold fingers.\u201d In the PCB design and manufacturing field, gold fingers (also called \u201cGold Finger\u201d or \u201cEdge Connector\u201d) use a connector to plug the board into a socket. The gold fingers let the board connect to other parts of the system.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"30\" data-end=\"387\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2767\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/gold-finger-pcb.webp\" alt=\"gold finger pcb\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"389\" data-end=\"793\">A gold finger works by inserting one edge of the PCB into a connector slot. The connector\u2019s pins touch the board\u2019s pads or copper traces at specific places. This makes a path for signals and power to go in and out of the board. For wear resistance and good contact, the pads or copper on the board are plated with nickel and gold. Because the plated pads look like fingers, people call them gold fingers.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"795\" data-end=\"798\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"823\">Types of Gold Fingers<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"825\" data-end=\"836\">By Shape<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"1029\">There are two common shapes. One is straight. The other is curved. Straight gold fingers fit memory types like DDR, DDR2, DDR3, and DDR3L. Curved gold fingers suit DDR4 and DDR5 memory sticks.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"837\" data-end=\"1029\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2769\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/the-golden-fingers-of-a-memory-module.webp\" alt=\"the golden fingers of a memory module\" width=\"600\" height=\"379\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1031\" data-end=\"1045\">By Position<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1317\">Gold fingers can be on one side or on both sides of the PCB. Single-sided gold fingers sit only on one edge of the board. Double-sided gold fingers appear on both edges. Double-sided types are common for devices that use double-slot connectors, such as PCI, ISA, and AGP.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1046\" data-end=\"1317\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2768\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/PCI-adapter-card.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1319\" data-end=\"1331\">By Length<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1565\">Gold fingers can have mixed lengths in one row. Some contacts are longer and some are shorter. Designers do this to give different functions or priorities to certain pins. For example, long pads may mark power, ground, or reset pins.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"1567\" data-end=\"1570\" \/>\n<h2 data-start=\"1572\" data-end=\"1628\">What Surface Treatments Are Used for Gold Finger PCBs?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1630\" data-end=\"1687\">There are a few main surface treatments for gold fingers.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1689\" data-end=\"1729\">Electroplated Nickel-Gold (Hard Gold)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1730\" data-end=\"2045\">This can reach a thickness of 3 to 50 microinches. Because it conducts well, resists oxidation, and wears well, people use hard gold for gold fingers that plug and unplug often or face mechanical friction. Hard gold is expensive. So it is used only for small areas such as the gold fingers, not for the whole board.<\/p>\n<h3>Immersion Gold (<a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-manufacturer\/enig-pcb\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ENIG<\/a>)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2072\" data-end=\"2486\">Typical thickness is about 1 microinch, and it can go up to 3 microinches. Immersion gold has good conductivity, flatness, and solderability. Designers use it for high precision boards that have keys, bonded ICs, or BGA parts. If a gold finger does not need very high wear resistance, the whole board can use immersion gold. Immersion gold costs much less than electroplated hard gold. Immersion gold looks yellow.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2488\" data-end=\"2491\" \/>\n<h2>What Is the PCB Gold Finger Plating Process?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2541\" data-end=\"2604\">The hard gold plating flow for PCB gold fingers goes like this:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"2606\" data-end=\"3757\">\n<li data-start=\"2606\" data-end=\"2819\">\n<p data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2819\"><strong data-start=\"2609\" data-end=\"2645\">Cover with blue ink (cover mask)<\/strong><br \/>Cover the entire PCB surface with a blue protective mask except the gold finger pads that need hard gold. Make sure the conductive areas align with the board orientation.<img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2766\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Gold-Finger-Cover-with-blue-ink.webp\" alt=\"Gold Finger Cover with blue ink\" width=\"600\" height=\"339\" \/><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2821\" data-end=\"3127\">\n<p data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"3127\"><strong data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"2868\">Remove oxide from the copper pad surface<\/strong><br \/>Use sulfuric acid to remove the oxide layer from the copper pad surface of the PCB. Then rinse the copper surface with water. After that, we grind or scrub to further clean the pad surface. Next, we rinse the copper surface with water and deionized water.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3129\" data-end=\"3341\">\n<p data-start=\"3132\" data-end=\"3341\"><strong data-start=\"3132\" data-end=\"3178\">Plate nickel on the PCB pad copper surface<\/strong><br \/>After cleaning, we apply current to plate a nickel layer onto the gold finger pad surface. Then we rinse the nickel-plated pads with water and deionized water.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3343\" data-end=\"3590\">\n<p data-start=\"3346\" data-end=\"3590\"><strong data-start=\"3346\" data-end=\"3390\">Plate gold on the nickel-plated PCB pads<\/strong><br \/>After nickel plating, we apply current to plate a layer of gold on top of the nickel. We recover the unused gold. Then we rinse the gold finger surface first with water, then with deionized water.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3592\" data-end=\"3757\">\n<p data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3757\"><strong data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3618\">Remove the blue ink<\/strong><br \/>Now the hard gold on the PCB gold fingers is finished. Remove the blue ink and continue PCB processing to the soldermask printing step.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"3759\" data-end=\"3893\">From the steps above, the gold finger process is not complex. Still, only a few PCB factories can do the gold finger process in-house.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"3895\" data-end=\"3898\" \/>\n<h2>How to Use PCB Gold Fingers<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Edge Connector<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3952\" data-end=\"4194\">When a daughter PCB connects to a main motherboard, it plugs into one of several female slots, such as PCI, ISA, or AGP slots. Through these slots, gold fingers transfer signals between the peripheral or daughter card and the computer itself.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3952\" data-end=\"4194\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2765\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/AGP-slots.webp\" alt=\"AGP slots\" width=\"600\" height=\"447\" \/><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3952\" data-end=\"4194\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4196\" data-end=\"4664\">A PCI port socket on a PCB is often a plastic housing that opens on one side. It has pins at one or both ends of the longer edge. The connector may include a keying bump or notch to make sure the correct card type goes into the socket. The socket width is chosen based on the board thickness. On the other side of the socket, usually there is an insulation displacement connector for a ribbon cable. The motherboard or daughter card can also connect on the other side.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Special Adapters<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4689\" data-end=\"5010\">Gold fingers let personal computers gain many new functions. By inserting a daughter PCB vertically into the motherboard, the computer can add better graphics or high-fidelity sound. These cards are not often unplugged and re-plugged. So the gold fingers on these cards are usually more durable than the cards themselves.<\/p>\n<h3>3. External Connections<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5039\" data-end=\"5324\">Peripherals added to a computer station can link to the motherboard through PCB gold fingers. Devices like speakers, subwoofers, scanners, printers, and monitors plug into slots at the back of a computer tower. Those slots connect to PCBs that are in turn connected to the motherboard.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"5326\" data-end=\"5329\" \/>\n<h2>PCB Gold Finger Design Rules<\/h2>\n<ol data-start=\"5363\" data-end=\"6588\">\n<li data-start=\"5363\" data-end=\"5487\">\n<p data-start=\"5366\" data-end=\"5487\"><strong data-start=\"5366\" data-end=\"5427\">Plated through-holes should be away from the gold finger.<\/strong> Keep any via or plated hole clear of the edge contact area.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5489\" data-end=\"5693\">\n<p data-start=\"5492\" data-end=\"5693\"><strong data-start=\"5492\" data-end=\"5562\">Use hard gold for boards that need frequent insertion and removal.<\/strong> Hard gold increases wear resistance. Chemical nickel\/immersion gold is cheaper than hard gold. But immersion gold wears less well.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5695\" data-end=\"5882\">\n<p data-start=\"5698\" data-end=\"5882\"><strong data-start=\"5698\" data-end=\"5729\">Gold fingers need chamfers.<\/strong> A common angle is 45 degrees. Other angles like 20 or 30 degrees are also used. If the design omits the chamfer, it may cause problems during insertion.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5884\" data-end=\"5991\">\n<p data-start=\"5887\" data-end=\"5991\"><strong data-start=\"5887\" data-end=\"5945\">Open the soldermask over the whole gold finger region.<\/strong> Do not use a soldermask stencil for the pins.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5993\" data-end=\"6169\">\n<p data-start=\"5996\" data-end=\"6169\"><strong data-start=\"5996\" data-end=\"6072\">Minimum distance from solder or silver pads to the finger tip is 14 mil.<\/strong> It is recommended to keep pads at least 1 mm away from the gold finger area, including via pads.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6171\" data-end=\"6271\">\n<p data-start=\"6174\" data-end=\"6271\"><strong data-start=\"6174\" data-end=\"6233\">Do not leave exposed copper on the gold finger surface.<\/strong> The contact surface should be plated.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6273\" data-end=\"6588\">\n<p data-start=\"6276\" data-end=\"6588\"><strong data-start=\"6276\" data-end=\"6329\">Cut copper under the gold finger on inner layers.<\/strong> All inner layers under the gold finger should have copper removed. Usually the copper keepout width is 3 mm. You can do half-finger or full-finger copper cut. In PCIe designs, some evidence shows that the copper under the gold finger should be fully removed.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"6590\" data-end=\"6812\">Gold fingers have a lower impedance than typical signal traces. Cutting copper under the finger reduces the impedance difference between the gold finger and adjacent impedance-controlled lines. This also helps against ESD.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6814\" data-end=\"6817\" \/>\n<h1 data-start=\"6819\" data-end=\"6874\">\u00a0<\/h1>\n<h2>Difference Between Immersion Gold and Gold Fingers<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7086\" data-end=\"7215\">To put it simply, gold fingers are the brass or copper contact pieces. Immersion gold is one type of surface finish used on PCBs.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7217\" data-end=\"7601\">Gold resists oxidation well. Gold also conducts electricity well. On memory sticks, the parts that mate with the memory slot are plated with gold so that the signals pass through the gold fingers. Gold fingers are a set of yellow conductive contacts. These contacts are plated with gold on the surface and arranged like fingers. That is why the name comes from their finger-like look.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7603\" data-end=\"7743\">In plain words, a gold finger is the connection part on a memory stick that meets the memory slot. All signals pass through the gold finger.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7745\" data-end=\"7871\">Gold fingers are made from the copper-clad board. Then the contact areas are plated with a layer of gold by a special process.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7873\" data-end=\"8053\">So, simply put: immersion gold (ENIG) is a surface finish type applied to the board. A gold finger is the board part that has signals and conducts between the board and the socket.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8055\" data-end=\"8446\">In the market, the gold finger surface does not always use real gold. Gold is costly. Many memory sticks now use tin plating instead of gold. Since the 1990s, tin has become common. Today, most motherboards, memory sticks, and graphics cards use tin for the \u201cgold fingers.\u201d Only some high-performance server or workstation parts still use gold for contact points. Those parts cost much more.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"8448\" data-end=\"8451\" \/>\n<h2>Summary<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"8489\" data-end=\"9216\">Gold fingers are the edge contacts on PCBs that plug into sockets. They allow the board to connect to other parts. They are made by plating the board pads with nickel and gold. There are different shapes, positions, and lengths of gold fingers for various uses. Surface finishes include hard gold plating and immersion gold. Hard gold is best for wear. Immersion gold is cheaper and still solderable. Designers must keep pads and vias away from the contact edge. They must add chamfers and open the soldermask. Inner copper under the finger should usually be cut away. Market practice moved from real gold to tin plating in many consumer products because of cost. Only special or server-level devices often still use real gold.<\/p>","display_condition_list":[{"display_condition_login_status":"subscriber","_id":"09f076d"}]},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t
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          Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t
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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhich plating types are used for gold fingers?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          Two common approaches: electroplated hard gold<\\\/strong> (wear-resistant, used where many insertions occur) and ENIG<\\\/strong> (electroless nickel immersion gold \\u2014 thinner, easier to solder but less abrasion resistant). Choose based on insertion cycles and soldering needs.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tHow thick should the gold be on gold fingers?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          Typical hard-gold thickness for edge connectors is substantially higher than ENIG \\u2014 industry guidance and connector specs often call for tens of microinches (historically 30\\u201350 \\u00b5\\u2033 or more for heavy wear); check the connector spec or IPC guidance for your class of use.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhat layout\\\/clearance rules apply to gold fingers?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          Keep a safe clearance from the board edge (commonly \\u22650.5 mm) and avoid placing SMD pads, plated holes or other copper within ~1\\u20132 mm of the finger zone; follow your fabricator\\u2019s capability sheet for exact limits.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tHow are gold fingers manufactured?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          Common process: define edge pads in the layout \\u2192 plate copper pads (PTH or exposed pads) \\u2192 apply nickel barrier \\u2192 electroplate hard gold (or apply ENIG) \\u2192 profile the board edge so the plated pads become the connector surface. Panel design and rack\\\/frame open borders may be required for electroplating.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAre there lower-cost alternatives to gold fingers?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          Yes \\u2014 use modular connectors (SMT or through-hole edge connectors), plated half-holes\\\/castellations, or pogo-pin pads depending on cost, assembly method, and durability requirements. For high mating cycles, gold fingers usually remain the best option.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t
          \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tAccordion Title<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t
          \\uc544\\ucf54\\ub514\\uc5b8 \\ucf58\\ud150\\uce20<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-2434.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-2434.js"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"What Are PCB Gold Fingers? On computer memory sticks and on graphics cards, we can see a row of gold-colored […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2434","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2434"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2434\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3380,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2434\/revisions\/3380"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2434"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}