\u010cerven\u00e9, zelen\u00e9 a modr\u00e9 (RGB) diody LED lze m\u00edchat a vytv\u00e1\u0159et tak b\u00edl\u00e9 sv\u011btlo s velmi \u0161irok\u00fdm barevn\u00fdm rozsahem. D\u00edky t\u00e9to vlastnosti jsou RGB LED diody velmi atraktivn\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech podsv\u00edcen\u00ed displej\u016f z tekut\u00fdch krystal\u016f (LCD). Tento typ podsv\u00edcen\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje zten\u010dit displeje, prodlou\u017eit jejich provozn\u00ed \u017eivotnost, zajistit vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pom\u011br stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a zobrazovat jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u017eiv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed barvy. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsou tyto displeje \u0161etrn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vzhledem k t\u011bmto v\u00fdhod\u00e1m bylo publikov\u00e1no mnoho v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch prac\u00ed o desk\u00e1ch s p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm podsv\u00edcen\u00edm LED a desk\u00e1ch s podsv\u00edcen\u00edm LED na hran\u00e1ch. Prvn\u00ed LCD televizor na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edval sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 podsv\u00edcen\u00ed RGB-LED, uvedla na trh spole\u010dnost Sony. Tento v\u00fdrobek dos\u00e1hl velmi \u0161irok\u00e9ho rozsahu reprodukce barev a dos\u00e1hl 105% barevn\u00e9ho gamutu standardu NTSC (National Television System Committee).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Za t\u011bmito v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdmi \u00fasp\u011bchy v\u0161ak st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. B\u011bhem provozu LED diody generuj\u00ed teplo. Toto teplo zp\u016fsobuje sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed intenzity sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a tak\u00e9 vede k posunu dominantn\u00ed vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lky. Tyto dva efekty m\u011bn\u00ed barevnou teplotu displeje a vedou k odchylk\u00e1m ve v\u00fdkonu NTSC. Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 teplo nav\u00edc zkracuje \u017eivotnost displeje. Proto je pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality obrazu a dlouhodob\u00e9 spolehlivosti mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 spr\u00e1va syst\u00e9mu podsv\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu syst\u00e9mu podsv\u00edcen\u00ed RGB-LED lze zv\u00e1\u017eit dva hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy. Prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem je zlep\u0161en\u00ed schopnosti odv\u00e1d\u011bt teplo z jedn\u00e9 LED diody. Druh\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem je zlep\u0161en\u00ed schopnosti rozptylu tepla soustavy LED. Jako konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i syst\u00e9mu podsv\u00edcen\u00ed RGB-LED jsme pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu zvolili druh\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu syst\u00e9mu LED pol\u00ed existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dv\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 metody. Jednou z nich je pou\u017eit\u00ed ventil\u00e1tor\u016f ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu kolem syst\u00e9mu podsv\u00edcen\u00ed. Druhou metodou je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho odporu od spoje LED k okoln\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Lep\u0161\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je navrhnout modul podsv\u00edcen\u00ed na \u00fasporn\u00e9 desce s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji s vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V sou\u010dasnosti \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 konven\u010dn\u00ed technologie izolovan\u00e9ho kovov\u00e9ho substr\u00e1tu (IMS) pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvu polymern\u00ed nebo epoxidov\u00e9 prysky\u0159ice. Tato technologie vy\u017eaduje speci\u00e1ln\u00ed povrchovou \u00fapravu kovov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny. Krom\u011b toho je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed tlou\u0161\u0165ka izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy obvykle asi 75 mikrometr\u016f. Tato tlou\u0161\u0165ka zvy\u0161uje celkov\u00fd tepeln\u00fd odpor desky IMS. Krom\u011b toho mohou tradi\u010dn\u00ed desky IMS p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch trp\u011bt delaminaci mezi izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou a kovovou z\u00e1kladnou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me technologii magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed k v\u00fdrob\u011b nov\u00e9ho typu izolovan\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem. Na povrchu hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed chemicky vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva o tlou\u0161\u0165ce 30 a\u017e 35 mikrometr\u016f. Pot\u00e9 se na izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstv\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed navr\u017een\u00fd obvod pomoc\u00ed magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tato nov\u00e1 izolovan\u00e1 deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 vlastnosti a m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 eliminovat probl\u00e9my s odlupov\u00e1n\u00edm nebo odlupov\u00e1n\u00edm za vysok\u00fdch teplot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00fdsledky test\u016f ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee tepeln\u00fd odpor nov\u00e9 izolovan\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 desky je 4,78 \u00b0C\/W, zat\u00edmco tepeln\u00fd odpor tradi\u010dn\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 desky s polymern\u00ed izolac\u00ed je 7,61 \u00b0C\/W.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Technologie magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\nZ\u00e1kladn\u00ed proces napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Rozpra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed je vakuov\u00fd proces pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd k nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f, jako jsou kovy, keramika a plasty, na povrch za vzniku tenk\u00e9 vrstvy. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed proces napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed funguje n\u00e1sledovn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Elektrony se sr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed s atomy inertn\u00edho plynu, obvykle argonu, a ionizuj\u00ed je. Tyto vysokoenergetick\u00e9 ionty jsou urychleny elektrick\u00fdm polem a bombarduj\u00ed c\u00edlov\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 b\u00fdt nanesen. V d\u016fsledku tohoto siln\u00e9ho bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou atomy z povrchu c\u00edlov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu vyvr\u017eeny. Vlivem elektrick\u00e9ho pole se tyto atomy nakonec usazuj\u00ed na povrchu substr\u00e1tu a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed atom\u00e1rn\u00ed tenkou vrstvu. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka t\u00e9to tenk\u00e9 vrstvy z\u00e1vis\u00ed na dob\u011b napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Konven\u010dn\u00ed deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem izolovan\u00fdm polymerem se obvykle skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 vrstvy, lepic\u00ed vrstvy, polymern\u00ed izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy, \u010dipu LED, lepidla a hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny. Naproti tomu magnetronov\u00e9 napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed zav\u00e1d\u00ed do procesu dal\u0161\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 pole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Proces magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Proces pln\u00e9ho magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed se od z\u00e1kladn\u00edho stejnosm\u011brn\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee v bl\u00edzkosti ter\u010de je aplikov\u00e1no siln\u00e9 magnetick\u00e9 pole. Toto magnetick\u00e9 pole nut\u00ed elektrony pohybovat se pod\u00e9l magnetick\u00fdch silo\u010dar v bl\u00edzkosti povrchu ter\u010de, m\u00edsto aby byly p\u0159itahov\u00e1ny k substr\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se z\u00e1kladn\u00edm napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm nab\u00edz\u00ed magnetronov\u00e9 napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159i hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody. Zaprv\u00e9, oblast plazmatu je omezena v bl\u00edzkosti c\u00edlov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu a nepo\u0161kozuje vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00edc\u00ed se tenkou vrstvu. Za druh\u00e9 se prodlu\u017euje d\u00e9lka dr\u00e1hy elektron\u016f, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost ionizace atom\u016f argonu. V d\u016fsledku toho je vyvr\u017eeno v\u00edce c\u00edlov\u00fdch atom\u016f a zvy\u0161uje se \u00fa\u010dinnost napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Za t\u0159et\u00ed, tenk\u00e9 vrstvy vyroben\u00e9 magnetronov\u00fdm napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm obsahuj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u010distot, co\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje vysokou kvalitu vrstvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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N\u00e1vrh eloxovan\u00e9ho izolovan\u00e9ho hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho substr\u00e1tu PCB<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
DPS s eloxovan\u00fdm izolovan\u00fdm hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed vrstev: hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstvy, eloxovan\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy a metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy. Samotn\u00e1 metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstva se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed tenk\u00fdch vrstev, kter\u00fdmi jsou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstva, vodiv\u00e1 vrstva a p\u00e1jec\u00ed vrstva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstva<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstva tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu je t\u0159eba vz\u00edt v \u00favahu dva faktory. Za prv\u00e9, hlin\u00edk mus\u00ed m\u00edt dostate\u010dnou mechanickou pevnost a dobrou obrobitelnost. Za druh\u00e9 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vhodn\u00fd pro eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed a izola\u010dn\u00ed \u00fapravu. Za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna tak\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1na do struktury ve tvaru \u017eebra, aby se d\u00e1le zlep\u0161il odvod tepla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eloxovan\u00e1 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Eloxovan\u00e1 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva je vytvo\u0159ena speci\u00e1ln\u00edm eloxovac\u00edm procesem, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed mikropor\u00e9zn\u00ed strukturu. Tato mikropor\u00e9zn\u00ed struktura ur\u010duje elektrick\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti vrstvy. V z\u00e1vislosti na pou\u017eit\u00e9 technologii zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed se dielektrick\u00e1 pevnost t\u00e9to vrstvy m\u016f\u017ee pohybovat od 250 V do 3 000 V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pomoc\u00ed fotolitografie nebo maskovac\u00ed technologie se na t\u00e9to vrstv\u011b vytvo\u0159\u00ed vzor obvodu. Tato konstrukce umo\u017e\u0148uje bezprobl\u00e9movou integraci mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed a izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jsou na tuto vrstvu p\u0159\u00edmo namontov\u00e1ny LED \u010dipy. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee \u010dip LED, deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f a chladi\u010d tvo\u0159\u00ed jedinou integrovanou strukturu. T\u00edm se v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161uje celkov\u00fd tepeln\u00fd v\u00fdkon desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstva<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstva se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstvy, vodiv\u00e9 vrstvy a p\u00e1jec\u00ed vrstvy. Tato vrstva mus\u00ed zajistit nejen dobrou elektrickou vodivost, ale tak\u00e9 silnou p\u0159ilnavost mezi metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou a eloxovanou izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou. Obvod je na t\u00e9to vrstv\u011b vytvo\u0159en pomoc\u00ed technologie magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstva m\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ku mezi 0,1 a 0,15 mikrometru. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm kov\u016f, jako je chrom nebo titan. Hlavn\u00ed funkc\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstvy je zajistit silnou p\u0159ilnavost mezi metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou a eloxovanou izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou. P\u0159i magnetronov\u00e9m napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pevnost p\u0159ilnavosti dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e 1000 N\/cm\u00b2, co\u017e \u010din\u00ed spoj velmi stabiln\u00edm. Krom\u011b toho m\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstva vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m. Ani p\u0159i teplot\u00e1ch nad 320 \u00b0C po dobu 10 sekund nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k tvorb\u011b puch\u00fd\u0159\u016f nebo odlupov\u00e1n\u00ed. Proto je pln\u011b vhodn\u00e1 pro procesy bezolovnat\u00e9ho p\u00e1jen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vodiv\u00e1 vrstva m\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ku 1 a\u017e 2 mikrometry. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm m\u011bdi, niklu nebo slitin m\u011bdi a niklu. Tato vrstva slou\u017e\u00ed ke dv\u011bma hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Jedn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem je p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et ur\u010ditou hustotu proudu. Druh\u00fdm \u00fa\u010delem je p\u016fsobit jako n\u00e1razn\u00edkov\u00e1 vrstva, kdy\u017e dojde k deformaci v d\u016fsledku rozd\u00edl\u016f v koeficientech tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed a p\u00e1jenou vrstvou. Tento vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed efekt pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eovat stabilitu cel\u00e9 metaliza\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e1jiteln\u00e1 vrstva m\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ku mezi 0,3 a 0,8 mikrometru. Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm kov\u016f, jako je zlato nebo st\u0159\u00edbro, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed dobrou tepelnou vodivost, elektrickou vodivost a p\u00e1jitelnost. Hlavn\u00ed funkc\u00ed t\u00e9to vrstvy je usnadnit p\u00e1jen\u00ed elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek, v\u010detn\u011b LED \u010dip\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Technologie v\u00fdrobn\u00edch proces\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Cel\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00ed proces zahrnuje p\u011bt krok\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze rozd\u011blit do t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00ed. Tyto f\u00e1ze zahrnuj\u00ed eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kladu, vytvo\u0159en\u00ed vzoru obvodu na eloxovan\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstv\u011b pomoc\u00ed fotolitografie nebo maskov\u00e1n\u00ed, nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstvy, vodiv\u00e9 vrstvy a p\u00e1jec\u00ed vrstvy pomoc\u00ed magnetronov\u00e9ho napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a nakonec s\u00edtotisk a nanesen\u00ed tavidla a p\u00e1jec\u00ed masky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Nejprve se hlin\u00edkov\u00fd z\u00e1klad odmast\u00ed a vy\u010dist\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 se vlo\u017e\u00ed do elektrolytick\u00e9 l\u00e1zn\u011b napln\u011bn\u00e9 elektrolytem. Elektrolytem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kyselina s\u00edrov\u00e1 nebo kyselina \u0161\u0165avelov\u00e1 v z\u00e1vislosti na po\u017eadovan\u00fdch vlastnostech oxidov\u00e9 vrstvy a na podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch procesu. P\u0159i eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 b\u00e1ze jako anoda. Mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 parametry procesu pat\u0159\u00ed koncentrace elektrolytu, proudov\u00e1 hustota a teplota elektrolytu. Pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed eloxovan\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvy je t\u0159eba pe\u010dliv\u011b kontrolovat dobu eloxov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Magnetronov\u00e9 napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
P\u0159ed nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00edm f\u00f3lie je t\u0159eba na eloxovan\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstv\u011b vytvo\u0159it vzor obvodu pomoc\u00ed fotolitografie nebo maskovac\u00ed technologie. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed fotolitografie se eloxovan\u00e1 hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 deska pokryje fotorezistem, exponuje a vyvol\u00e1. Pot\u00e9 se upevn\u00ed do p\u0159\u00edpravku bez masky. P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed maskovac\u00ed technologie se p\u0159i up\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed eloxovan\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 desky na povrch p\u0159\u00edpravku namontuje maskovac\u00ed deska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kroky n\u00e1sledn\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Podle po\u017eadavk\u016f na konstrukci se na ur\u010dit\u00e9 oblasti pota\u017een\u00e9ho eloxovan\u00e9ho hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho substr\u00e1tu DPS aplikuje tavidlo a p\u00e1jec\u00ed maska, aby se p\u0159ipravily na mont\u00e1\u017e elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
Metoda v\u00fdpo\u010dtu tepeln\u00e9ho odporu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Tepeln\u00fdm odporem se rozum\u00ed odpor tepeln\u011b vodiv\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu v\u016f\u010di tepeln\u00e9mu toku ze zdroje tepla do za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 teplo pohlcuje. Jeho jednotkou je \u00b0C\/W. Tepeln\u00fd odpor je definov\u00e1n jako rozd\u00edl teplot d\u011blen\u00fd rychlost\u00ed p\u0159enosu tepeln\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tepeln\u00fd odpor mezi dv\u011bma body lze vyj\u00e1d\u0159it jako rozd\u00edl teplot d\u011blen\u00fd v\u00fdkonem rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdm mezi t\u011bmito body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tepeln\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed LED se b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkolik metod. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b infra\u010derven\u00e9 term\u00e1ln\u00ed zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed, spektr\u00e1ln\u00ed metody, metody optick\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu, metody teploty veden\u00ed a metody elektrick\u00fdch parametr\u016f. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku je navr\u017eena vylep\u0161en\u00e1 metoda elektrick\u00fdch parametr\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tepeln\u00fd odpor mezi p\u0159echodem a okoln\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 pomoc\u00ed teploty p\u0159echodu, teploty okol\u00ed a rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu. N\u00e1r\u016fst teploty p\u0159echodu line\u00e1rn\u011b souvis\u00ed se zm\u011bnou dop\u0159edn\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed, pokud je proud dostate\u010dn\u011b mal\u00fd. Proto\u017ee po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed teplota p\u0159echodu je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 rovna teplot\u011b okol\u00ed, lze rozd\u00edl teplot p\u0159echodu a okol\u00ed z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edmo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kombinac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch rovnic lze vypo\u010d\u00edtat tepeln\u00fd odpor spoje v\u016f\u010di okol\u00ed. V praxi je optick\u00fd v\u00fdkon ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s elektrick\u00fdm velmi mal\u00fd, tak\u017ee jej lze zanedbat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Postup m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zahrnuje v\u00fdb\u011br v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 LED jako zdroje oh\u0159evu, pou\u017eit\u00ed standardn\u00ed LED jako zku\u0161ebn\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jejich elektrickou izolaci, m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zm\u011bn nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159ed oh\u0159evem a po n\u011bm, v\u00fdpo\u010det n\u00e1r\u016fstu teploty, stanoven\u00ed rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu a nakonec v\u00fdpo\u010det tepeln\u00e9ho odporu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pomoc\u00ed popsan\u00e9 metody lze vypo\u010d\u00edtat tepeln\u00fd odpor b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem izolovan\u00fdm polymerem i desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s eloxovan\u00fdm hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem. Krom\u011b celkov\u00e9ho tepeln\u00e9ho odporu se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed tak\u00e9 tepeln\u00fd odpor ka\u017ed\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 vrstvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tepeln\u00e9 odpory r\u016fzn\u00fdch vrstev jsou zapojeny do s\u00e9rie. Celkov\u00fd tepeln\u00fd odpor je sou\u010dtem odpor\u016f od spoje ke kovov\u00e9 vrstv\u011b, od kovov\u00e9 vrstvy k substr\u00e1tu a od substr\u00e1tu k okoln\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00fdsledky ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee tepeln\u00fd odpor eloxovan\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem je o 59,2% ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tepeln\u00fd odpor konven\u010dn\u00ed desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem izolovan\u00fdm polymerem. Toto zlep\u0161en\u00ed je zp\u016fsobeno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dv\u011bma faktory. Za prv\u00e9, konven\u010dn\u00ed DPS m\u00e1 o jednu strukturn\u00ed vrstvu v\u00edce ne\u017e eloxovan\u00e1 DPS. Za druh\u00e9, eloxovan\u00e1 izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva je mnohem ten\u010d\u00ed a m\u00e1 mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost ne\u017e polymern\u00ed izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tepeln\u00fd management je p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji syst\u00e9m\u016f podsv\u00edcen\u00ed RGB-LED z\u00e1sadn\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou. V t\u00e9to studii je vyvinut nov\u00fd typ desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s eloxovan\u00fdm izolovan\u00fdm hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem a je navr\u017eena vylep\u0161en\u00e1 metoda m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed elektrick\u00fdch parametr\u016f pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho odporu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi kovov\u00fdmi deskami plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s polymern\u00ed izolac\u00ed m\u00e1 eloxovan\u00e1 deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod. Mezi eloxovanou izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstvou a hlin\u00edkovou z\u00e1kladnou nen\u00ed mechanick\u00e1 mezera, co\u017e zlep\u0161uje celkovou mechanickou pevnost. T\u0159\u00edvrstv\u00e1 metaliza\u010dn\u00ed struktura vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 magnetronov\u00fdm napra\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm zaji\u0161\u0165uje silnou p\u0159ilnavost nejm\u00e9n\u011b 1000 N\/cm\u00b2, co\u017e d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje mechanickou stabilitu. Krom\u011b toho sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd po\u010det vrstev a ten\u010d\u00ed izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euj\u00ed celkov\u00fd tepeln\u00fd odpor o 59,2%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00edky t\u011bmto v\u00fdhod\u00e1m jsou eloxovan\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v syst\u00e9mech podsv\u00edcen\u00ed RGB-LED ne\u017e b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s kovov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem izolovan\u00fdm polymerem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Introduction A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light. Compared with traditional incandescent 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A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light. Compared with traditional incandescent […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4593","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4593"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4593\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4599,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4593\/revisions\/4599"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4593"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4593"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4593"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"Thermal](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermal-resistance-of-the-heat-conducting-material.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nMetoda m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9ho odporu<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
![\"Method](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Method-for-calculating-the-thermal-resistance-between-the-junction-and-the-ambient.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n![\"Schematic](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Schematic-diagram-of-the-measurement-setup-for-junction-to-ambient-thermal-resistance.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nV\u00fdsledky tepeln\u00e9ho odporu eloxovan\u00e9ho izolovan\u00e9ho hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho substr\u00e1tu PCB<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"Thermal](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Thermal-resistance-of-the-anodized-insulated-aluminum-substrate-PCB.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nZ\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n\n\n