{"id":4625,"date":"2026-01-16T09:48:58","date_gmt":"2026-01-16T09:48:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4625"},"modified":"2026-01-16T09:49:00","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T09:49:00","slug":"aluminum-substrate-pcb-guide-thermal-design-led-uses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/aluminum-substrate-pcb-guide-thermal-design-led-uses\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u016fvodce hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm substr\u00e1tem PCB: Tepeln\u00fd design a pou\u017eit\u00ed LED"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je to hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jeden <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/aluminum-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1913\">hlin\u00edkov\u00fd podklad<\/a> Jedn\u00e1 se o desku s m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fdm povlakem a kovov\u00fdm j\u00e1drem, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje dobr\u00fdm odvodem tepla. Typick\u00e1 jednostrann\u00e1 deska m\u00e1 t\u0159i vrstvy: vrstvu s obvody (m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e1 f\u00f3lie), dielektrickou (izola\u010dn\u00ed) vrstvu a kovovou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vrstvu. Pro \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 aplikace existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 oboustrann\u00e9 desky s t\u00edmto uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm: vrstva obvodu, dielektrick\u00e1 vrstva, hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna, dielektrick\u00e1 vrstva, vrstva obvodu. V n\u011bkolika zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u00edcevrstv\u00e9 desky vyroben\u00e9 laminov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/multilayer-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2630\">v\u00edcevrstv\u00e1 deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f<\/a> s dielektrick\u00fdmi vrstvami a hlin\u00edkovou z\u00e1kladnou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak funguje hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdkonov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky jsou um\u00edst\u011bny na vrstv\u011b s obvody. Teplo vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed v t\u011bchto sou\u010d\u00e1stk\u00e1ch se rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed p\u0159es dielektrickou vrstvu do kovov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny. Kovov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna pak teplo rozv\u00e1d\u00ed a odv\u00e1d\u00ed. Takto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k chlazen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Struktura hlin\u00edkov\u00e9ho podkladu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011bd\u011bn\u00e1 deska s hlin\u00edkov\u00fdm pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bm je materi\u00e1l pro kovov\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, kter\u00fd se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 f\u00f3lie, tepeln\u011b vodiv\u00e9 dielektrick\u00e9 vrstvy a kovov\u00e9ho podkladu. Typick\u00e9 t\u0159i vrstvy jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Obvodov\u00e1 vrstva (CIRCUIT LAYER)<\/strong>: Stejn\u011b jako m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e1 vrstva b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Tlou\u0161\u0165ka m\u011bdi se pohybuje v rozmez\u00ed od 1 oz do 10 oz (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 35 \u00b5m a\u017e 280 \u00b5m). M\u011b\u010f se lept\u00e1n\u00edm tvaruje do podoby ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho obvodu. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee deska \u010dasto mus\u00ed v\u00e9st vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed proudy, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u010f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dielektrick\u00e1 vrstva (DIELECTRIC LAYER)<\/strong>: Izola\u010dn\u00ed vrstva s n\u00edzk\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm odporem a vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o kl\u00ed\u010dovou technologii. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o speci\u00e1ln\u00ed polymer pln\u011bn\u00fd keramick\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1sticemi. Vyzna\u010duje se n\u00edzk\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm odporem, dobr\u00fdmi viskoelastick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi a odolnost\u00ed proti st\u00e1rnut\u00ed vlivem tepla. Je schopna sn\u00e1\u0161et mechanick\u00e9 i tepeln\u00e9 nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00edky t\u00e9to vrstv\u011b deska kombinuje dobrou tepelnou vodivost s vysokou elektrickou izolac\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Spodn\u00ed vrstva (BASE LAYER)<\/strong>: Kovov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna, obvykle z hlin\u00edku, n\u011bkdy i z m\u011bdi (m\u011b\u010f m\u00e1 lep\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost). Kovov\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna slou\u017e\u00ed jako podklad pro desku. Mus\u00ed m\u00edt vysokou tepelnou vodivost a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vhodn\u00e1 pro vrt\u00e1n\u00ed, d\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly pro desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f maj\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty z\u0159ejm\u00e9 v\u00fdhody: jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro povrchovou mont\u00e1\u017e v\u00fdkonov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek bez nutnosti samostatn\u00e9ho chladi\u010de, zmen\u0161uj\u00ed rozm\u011bry v\u00fdrobku, zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chlazen\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed dobrou izola\u010dn\u00ed schopnost i mechanickou pevnost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Structure-of-an-Aluminum-Substrate-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4632\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Structure-of-an-Aluminum-Substrate-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Structure-of-an-Aluminum-Substrate-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Structure-of-an-Aluminum-Substrate-1-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Structure-of-an-Aluminum-Substrate-1-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdkonnostn\u00ed vlastnosti hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch podklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1923\">Podpora technologie povrchov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ee (SMT)<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Velmi \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed tepla v konstrukci obvodu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed provozn\u00ed teplota, vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkonov\u00e1 hustota a spolehlivost a del\u0161\u00ed \u017eivotnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zmen\u0161it rozm\u011bry v\u00fdrobku a sn\u00ed\u017eit n\u00e1klady na hardware a mont\u00e1\u017e.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vym\u011bnit k\u0159ehk\u00e9<a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/ceramic-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2364\"> keramick\u00e9 podklady<\/a> s vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mechanickou odolnost\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacity (typick\u00e9 specifikace proces\u016f)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Polo\u017eka<\/th><th>Vlastnosti \/ Specifikace<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Typy desek<\/td><td>Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd podklad, m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd podklad, \u017eelezn\u00fd podklad<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Povrchov\u00e1 \u00faprava<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/enig-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2398\">Zlato nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 ponorem (ENIG)<\/a>, sprejov\u00e1 plechovka, ponorn\u00e1 plechovka, chemick\u00e9 st\u0159\u00edbro, <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/osp-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2386\">OSP<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vrstvy<\/td><td>Jednostrann\u00fd, oboustrann\u00fd, \u010dty\u0159vrstv\u00fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost<\/td><td>1185 mm \u00d7 480 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed velikost<\/td><td>5 mm \u00d7 5 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dek\/mezera<\/td><td>0,1 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deformace desky<\/td><td>\u2264 0,51 TP3T (pro tlou\u0161\u0165ku 1,6 mm, rozm\u011bry 300 mm \u00d7 300 mm)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Zpracovan\u00e1 tlou\u0161\u0165ka<\/td><td>0,3 \u2013 5,0 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tlou\u0161\u0165ka m\u011bdi<\/td><td>35 \u00b5m \u2013 240 \u00b5m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tolerance tvaru<\/td><td>\u00b10,15 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P\u0159esnost vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed s V-v\u00fd\u0159ezem<\/td><td>\u00b10,1 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed kapacita<\/td><td>7 000 m\u00b2 za m\u011bs\u00edc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Odchylka polohy otvoru<\/td><td>\u00b10,076 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P\u0159\u00edklady tvarov\u00fdch toleranc\u00ed<\/td><td>Obrys vyfr\u00e9zovan\u00fd na CNC: \u00b10,1 mm; obrys vyra\u017een\u00fd razn\u00edkem a matric\u00ed: \u00b10,15 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Term\u00edny a vysv\u011btlivky k procesu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bo\u010dn\u00ed lept\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>: Lept\u00e1n\u00ed, k n\u011bmu\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed na bo\u010dn\u00ed st\u011bn\u011b pod maskovac\u00edm vzorem. Bo\u010dn\u00ed lept\u00e1n\u00ed se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed podle \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky bo\u010dn\u00edho lept\u00e1n\u00ed. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu leptac\u00edho roztoku, jeho slo\u017een\u00ed, procesu a pou\u017eit\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Faktor lept\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>: Pom\u011br tlou\u0161\u0165ky vodi\u010de (bez pokoven\u00ed) k m\u00ed\u0159e bo\u010dn\u00edho lept\u00e1n\u00ed. Leptac\u00ed faktor = V \/ X (V = tlou\u0161\u0165ka vodi\u010de, X = bo\u010dn\u00ed lept\u00e1n\u00ed). Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed leptac\u00ed faktor znamen\u00e1 men\u0161\u00ed bo\u010dn\u00ed lept\u00e1n\u00ed. Jemn\u00e9 vodi\u010de s vysokou hustotou vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysok\u00fd leptac\u00ed faktor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed desky (roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed desky)<\/strong>: P\u0159i pokovov\u00e1n\u00ed podle vzoru m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kovov\u00e1 vrstva siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e fotorezist, co\u017e vede ke zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky vodiv\u00fdch drah. N\u00e1r\u016fst pokovovac\u00ed vrstvy souvis\u00ed s tlou\u0161\u0165kou fotorezistu a celkovou tlou\u0161\u0165kou pokovovac\u00ed vrstvy a je t\u0159eba jej minimalizovat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0159esah pokoven\u00ed<\/strong>: Sou\u010det n\u00e1r\u016fstu pokoven\u00ed a bo\u010dn\u00edho lept\u00e1n\u00ed. Pokud nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k n\u00e1r\u016fstu pokoven\u00ed, vy\u010dn\u00edv\u00e1 pokoven\u00ed o stejnou vzd\u00e1lenost jako je hloubka bo\u010dn\u00edho lept\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Rychlost lept\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>: Hloubka kovu odstran\u011bn\u00e1 leptadlem za jednotku \u010dasu (obvykle v \u00b5m\/min) nebo doba pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k odstran\u011bn\u00ed dan\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kapacita rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bdi<\/strong>: Mno\u017estv\u00ed m\u011bdi, kter\u00e9 je leptadlo schopno p\u0159i dan\u00e9 rychlosti lept\u00e1n\u00ed rozpustit. Obvykle se ud\u00e1v\u00e1 v g\/l. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 leptadlo m\u00e1 pevn\u011b danou schopnost rozpou\u0161t\u011bt m\u011b\u010f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Balen\u00ed pro hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty (balen\u00ed LED)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-manufacturer\/led-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1911\">Balen\u00ed LED diod<\/a> poskytuje \u010dipu LED platformu pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed optick\u00fdch, elektrick\u00fdch a tepeln\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed. Kvalitn\u00ed pouzdro zvy\u0161uje \u00fa\u010dinnost LED a odvod tepla, \u010d\u00edm\u017e prodlu\u017euje jej\u00ed \u017eivotnost. N\u00e1vrh pouzdra LED vych\u00e1z\u00ed z p\u011bti kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch faktor\u016f: \u00fa\u010dinnosti optick\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu, tepeln\u00e9ho odporu, odvodu tepla, spolehlivosti a n\u00e1kladov\u00e9 efektivity (Lm\/$).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161echny faktory hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli. Optick\u00fd v\u00fdt\u011b\u017eek ovliv\u0148uje cenu za lumen. Tepeln\u00fd odpor ovliv\u0148uje spolehlivost a \u017eivotnost. Odvod tepla ovliv\u0148uje pou\u017eit\u00ed u z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. Kvalitn\u00ed konstrukce t\u011bchto faktor\u016f dosahuje rovnov\u00e1hy a spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako chladi\u010de se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jednovrstv\u00e9 nebo dvouvrstv\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty. Jeden nebo v\u00edce \u010dip\u016f se p\u0159ipev\u0148uje metodou die-attach p\u0159\u00edmo na hlin\u00edkovou (nebo m\u011bd\u011bnou) z\u00e1kladnu. Elektrody p a n \u010dipu se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed dr\u00e1tov\u00fdm spojem k tenk\u00e9 m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 vrstv\u011b na povrchu substr\u00e1tu. Po\u010det \u010dip\u016f na desce z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadovan\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu; bal\u00ed\u010dky lze kombinovat a vytvo\u0159it tak vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 LED diody o v\u00fdkonu 1 W, 2 W nebo 3 W. Nakonec se na LED diody podle optick\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu nanese nebo vytla\u010d\u00ed materi\u00e1l s vysok\u00fdm indexem lomu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u0159\u00eddy hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kov\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0159ady hlin\u00edku pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro podklady pat\u0159\u00ed \u0159ady 1000, 5000 a 6000:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0159ada 1000<\/strong>: Typy 1050, 1060, 1070. Jedn\u00e1 se o t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk (\u2265 99,1 % Al). Jejich v\u00fdroba je snadn\u00e1 a jsou cenov\u011b dostupn\u00e9. \u0160iroce se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslu obecn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0159ada 5000<\/strong>: P\u0159\u00edklady 5052, 5005, 5083, 5A05. Jedn\u00e1 se o slitiny hlin\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku (Mg ~3\u20135 %). Vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se n\u00edzkou hustotou, vysokou pevnost\u00ed v tahu a dobrou ta\u017enost\u00ed. Hmotnost je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 plo\u0161e. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se v letectv\u00ed (palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee) a v pr\u016fmyslu obecn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0159ada 6000<\/strong>: P\u0159\u00edklad 6061. Tato \u0159ada obsahuje Mg a Si a kombinuje v\u00fdhody \u0159ad 4000 a 5000. Je tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e1, m\u00e1 dobrou odolnost proti korozi, dobr\u00e9 vlastnosti pro obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed a povrchovou \u00fapravu a vysokou pevnost. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v leteck\u00fdch d\u00edlech, d\u00edlech fotoapar\u00e1t\u016f, spojk\u00e1ch, lodn\u00edm kov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u017eelez\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m zbo\u017e\u00ed, elektronick\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stech a konektorech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t s LED vs. hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t s deskou plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty pro LED jsou ur\u010deny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro LED pr\u016fmysl a nach\u00e1zej\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v aplikac\u00edch s aktivn\u00edm chlazen\u00edm. Vyzna\u010duj\u00ed se vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed, n\u00edzk\u00fdm tepeln\u00fdm odporem, dlouhou \u017eivotnost\u00ed a odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nap\u011bt\u00ed. Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty pro LED roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily mo\u017enosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed LED, nap\u0159\u00edklad v kontrolk\u00e1ch na spot\u0159ebi\u010d\u00edch, automobilov\u00fdch sv\u011btlometech, pouli\u010dn\u00edm osv\u011btlen\u00ed a velk\u00fdch venkovn\u00edch reklamn\u00edch n\u00e1pisech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch desek pro LED diody z\u00e1vis\u00ed do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry na mezivrstv\u011b (\u010dasto se jedn\u00e1 o tepeln\u011b vodiv\u00fd polymer nebo tepeln\u011b vodiv\u00e9 lepidlo). Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost, tepeln\u00fd odpor a nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 odolnost jsou t\u0159i kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 ukazatele kvality. Po laminov\u00e1n\u00ed se tepeln\u00e1 vodivost m\u011b\u0159\u00ed pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f. Keramick\u00e9 a m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed tepelnou vodivost, ale kv\u016fli cen\u011b se v\u011bt\u0161ina trh\u016f omezuje na hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty. Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnoty tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti obvykle znamenaj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t pro LED diody je v podstat\u011b deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, jej\u00ed\u017e substr\u00e1t je vyroben ze slitiny hlin\u00edku nam\u00edsto sklo-epoxidov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu FR-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"374\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/led-pcb-1.webp\" alt=\"led pcb\" class=\"wp-image-4631\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/led-pcb-1.webp 374w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/led-pcb-1-224x300.webp 224w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/led-pcb-1-9x12.webp 9w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ceny hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch podklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00edky zdokonalen\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edch technologi\u00ed a vybaven\u00ed se ceny hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch podklad\u016f staly p\u0159ijateln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. Dodavatel\u00e9 ceny obvykle nezve\u0159ej\u0148uj\u00ed. Pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed cenovou nab\u00eddku se obra\u0165te na dodavatele (nap\u0159. Yifang Electronics).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dodac\u00ed lh\u016fta pro hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 podklady<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(A) Pozn\u00e1mky k pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed objedn\u00e1vek<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dodac\u00ed lh\u016fta: v\u00fdroba prototyp\u016f 3\u20135 dn\u00ed; s\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba 5\u20137 dn\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Po\u017eadavky na kvalitu: Ujasn\u011bte si podrobnosti t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se z\u00e1kazn\u00edka (rozm\u011bry, tlou\u0161\u0165ka, zp\u016fsob zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed, fakturace, doprava, zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed po\u017eadavky).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce: Ov\u011b\u0159te, zda budou n\u00e1sledovat dal\u0161\u00ed objemov\u00e9 zak\u00e1zky nebo zda dojde k dlouhodob\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ci.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(B) Zp\u016fsoby, jak zkr\u00e1tit dlouh\u00e9 dodac\u00ed lh\u016fty<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u011bjte v\u017edy na sklad\u011b b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 podklady.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zave\u010fte denn\u00ed a no\u010dn\u00ed sm\u011bny, abyste urychlili v\u00fdrobu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dohodn\u011bte se se z\u00e1kazn\u00edky na upraven\u00fdch term\u00ednech dod\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty s vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed a tepeln\u00e1 vodivost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm parametrem pro odvod tepla a jedn\u00edm ze t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch ukazatel\u016f kvality (dal\u0161\u00edmi jsou tepeln\u00fd odpor a nap\u011b\u0165ov\u00e1 odolnost). Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed po laminov\u00e1n\u00ed. Keramika a m\u011b\u010f maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vodivost, av\u0161ak z d\u016fvodu n\u00e1klad\u016f se nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 hlin\u00edk. Tepeln\u00e1 vodivost je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm parametrem; vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hodnoty obvykle znamenaj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 substr\u00e1ty se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed dobr\u00fdmi tepeln\u011b-izola\u010dn\u00edmi a elektrick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi a z\u00e1rove\u0148 dobrou obrobitelnost\u00ed. Nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v LED a dal\u0161\u00edch elektronick\u00fdch konstrukc\u00edch. P\u0159i n\u00e1vrhu tepeln\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed LED se \u010dasto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 simulace CFD (v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00ed dynamika tekutin) a z\u00e1kladn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b substr\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Odpor proud\u011bn\u00ed tekutiny (hydraulick\u00fd odpor) je zp\u016fsoben viskozitou tekutiny a pevn\u00fdmi hranicemi. Zahrnuje t\u0159ec\u00ed odpor pod\u00e9l dr\u00e1hy proud\u011bn\u00ed a lok\u00e1ln\u00ed odpor v m\u00edstech n\u00e1hl\u00fdch zm\u011bn (n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny pr\u016f\u0159ezu, kolena potrub\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00e9 kroky p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed chladi\u010de pro LED diody:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Navrhn\u011bte profil chladi\u010de s ohledem na dan\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Optimalizujte tlou\u0161\u0165ku \u017eeber, jejich tvar, rozte\u010d mezi \u017eebry a tlou\u0161\u0165ku podkladu v souladu s konstruk\u010dn\u00edmi pravidly pro chladi\u010de.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zkontrolujte v\u00fdpo\u010dty, abyste se ujistili, \u017ee chladic\u00ed v\u00fdkon odpov\u00edd\u00e1 stanoven\u00fdm c\u00edl\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/double-sided-aluminum-substrate-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/double-sided-aluminum-substrate-1.webp 500w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/double-sided-aluminum-substrate-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/double-sided-aluminum-substrate-1-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/double-sided-aluminum-substrate-1-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tepeln\u00e9 dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch desek<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(A) Pro\u010d je tepeln\u00e9 dimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysok\u00e1 teplota po\u0161kozuje elektroniku: doch\u00e1z\u00ed k degradaci izolace, poruch\u00e1m sou\u010d\u00e1stek, st\u00e1rnut\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f, prask\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1jen\u00fdch spoj\u016f s n\u00edzkou teplotou taven\u00ed a odpad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1jen\u00fdch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vliv teploty na sou\u010d\u00e1sti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota sni\u017euje hodnotu odporu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 teplota zkracuje \u017eivotnost kondenz\u00e1toru.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 teplota zp\u016fsobuje po\u0161kozen\u00ed izolace transform\u00e1tor\u016f a tlumivek; p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e1 teplota je \u010dasto ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 95 \u00b0C.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>P\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9 teplotn\u00ed v\u00fdkyvy zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed tvorbu intermetalick\u00fdch slou\u010denin (IMC), co\u017e vede ke k\u0159ehkosti a oslaben\u00ed spoj\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplota p\u0159echodu (Tj) zvy\u0161uje zes\u00edlen\u00ed tranzistoru, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se zvy\u0161uje kolektorov\u00fd proud a d\u00e1le stoup\u00e1 teplota Tj, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k poru\u0161e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(B) C\u00edl tepeln\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdch provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch udr\u017eujte v\u0161echny sou\u010d\u00e1sti pod jejich maxim\u00e1ln\u00edmi jmenovit\u00fdmi teplotami. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpustn\u00e9 teploty jsou stanoveny na z\u00e1klad\u011b anal\u00fdzy nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed a mus\u00ed odpov\u00eddat c\u00edl\u016fm spolehlivosti produktu a stanoven\u00fdm m\u00edr\u00e1m poruchovosti pro ka\u017edou sou\u010d\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(C) \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f s p\u0159eh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odvod tepla z LED diod p\u0159edstavuje hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9m. Hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 podlo\u017eky s vysokou tepelnou vodivost\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017eou teplo \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b odv\u00e1d\u011bt. Konstrukce by m\u011bla zajistit, aby se deska plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f nach\u00e1zela v t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny, a omezit tak tepeln\u00fd odpor zp\u016fsoben\u00fd zal\u00e9vac\u00ed hmotou nebo kryc\u00edmi materi\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opravy a \u00fadr\u017eba hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Typick\u00e9 kroky p\u0159i oprav\u00e1ch pro technika zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edho se deskami plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Anal\u00fdza poruch<\/strong>: Zjist\u011bte a z\u00fa\u017ete okruh mo\u017en\u00fdch z\u00e1vad desky.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrola<\/strong>: Prostudujte si vstupy a v\u00fdstupy, funkce a \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed oblasti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed obvod\u016f<\/strong>: Prove\u010fte \u00favodn\u00ed testy, abyste vylou\u010dili z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 z\u00e1vady a ur\u010dili sm\u011br oprav.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed komponent<\/strong>: \u010casto se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee se sou\u010d\u00e1stky odp\u00e1j\u00ed a otestuj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f; t\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k po\u0161kozen\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho vzhledu desky, a proto se technici sna\u017e\u00ed zbyte\u010dn\u00e9mu demontov\u00e1n\u00ed vyhnout.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Opravy z\u00e1vad<\/strong>: Opravte veden\u00ed, vym\u011b\u0148te sou\u010d\u00e1stky nebo upravte obvody.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Funk\u010dn\u00ed test<\/strong>: Po \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9m absolvov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00fdch kontrol otestujte opravenou desku a prove\u010fte syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 testy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadu z hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch podklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Desky s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji jsou vyrobeny ze sklen\u011bn\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, epoxidu a \u0159ady kovov\u00fdch slou\u010denin. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 likvidace pou\u017eit\u00fdch desek s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed bromovan\u00fdch zpomalova\u010d\u016f ho\u0159en\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch karcinogen\u016f, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a zdravotn\u00ed rizika. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 maj\u00ed odpadn\u00ed desky vysokou ekonomickou hodnotu: obsah kov\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mnohon\u00e1sobn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rudy. Obsah kov\u016f m\u016f\u017ee \u010dinit 10\u201360%, hlavn\u011b m\u011b\u010f, plus zlato, st\u0159\u00edbro, nikl, c\u00edn, olovo a vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 kovy. Obsah kov\u016f v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rud\u011b je pouze asi 3\u20135%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studie ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee 1 tuna po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1stek m\u016f\u017ee obsahovat p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 0,9 kg zlata, 270 kg plastu, 128,7 kg m\u011bdi, 1 kg \u017eeleza, 58,5 kg olova, 39,6 kg c\u00ednu, 36 kg niklu, 19,8 kg antimonu a d\u00e1le palladium a platinu. Odpadn\u00ed desky s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji se proto naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u201cdoly \u010dekaj\u00edc\u00ed na t\u011b\u017ebu\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z pr\u016fzkum\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina odpadn\u00edch desek s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji a \u0161rotu z r\u00e1m\u016f se odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed do odlehl\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kde se spaluj\u00ed nebo \u010dist\u00ed vodou, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed vznikaj\u00ed siln\u00e9 z\u00e1pachy a toxick\u00e9 bromovan\u00e9 slou\u010deniny. Toto je zak\u00e1z\u00e1no org\u00e1ny na ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, ale v odlehl\u00fdch oblastech k tomu st\u00e1le doch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Myt\u00ed vodou je levn\u00e9, jednoduch\u00e9 a \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9. Vznik\u00e1 p\u0159i n\u011bm velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed zbytk\u016f (nekovov\u00fdch, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 80 % hmotnosti desky). Tyto zbytky se obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b likviduj\u00ed, a proto je mnoho firem vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jako b\u011b\u017en\u00fd odpad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed a vlastnosti hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch podklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(A) Funkce aplikace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed tepeln\u00e1 vodivost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jednostrann\u00e1 m\u011b\u010f znamen\u00e1, \u017ee sou\u010d\u00e1stky lze umis\u0165ovat pouze na stranu s m\u011bd\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nelze v nich vy\u0159\u00edznout otvory pro propojky, jako je tomu u jednostrann\u00fdch desek.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Obvykle se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro sou\u010d\u00e1stky ur\u010den\u00e9 k povrchov\u00e9 mont\u00e1\u017ei; usm\u011br\u0148ova\u010de nebo v\u00fdkonov\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed teplo p\u0159es z\u00e1kladnu, co\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje n\u00edzk\u00fd tepeln\u00fd odpor a vysokou spolehlivost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Transform\u00e1tory mohou vyu\u017e\u00edvat ploch\u00e9 SMD proveden\u00ed a odv\u00e1d\u011bt teplo p\u0159es z\u00e1kladnu, co\u017e p\u0159i stejn\u00fdch rozm\u011brech vede k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmu n\u00e1r\u016fstu teploty a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdkonu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(B) Pozn\u00e1mky k ru\u010dn\u00edmu p\u00e1jen\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 podklady dob\u0159e vedou teplo, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159i ru\u010dn\u00edm p\u00e1jen\u00ed v mal\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku doj\u00edt k p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e9mu ochlazen\u00ed p\u00e1jky, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit pot\u00ed\u017ee. Praktick\u00e9 rady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pou\u017eijte dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u017eehli\u010dku s nastavitelnou teplotou. Oto\u010dte ji tak, aby rovn\u00e1 plocha sm\u011b\u0159ovala nahoru, a zajist\u011bte ji.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nastavte teplotu na p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 150 \u00b0C a hlin\u00edkovou desku kr\u00e1tce zah\u0159ejte.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pot\u00e9 sou\u010d\u00e1stky um\u00edst\u011bte a p\u0159ip\u00e1jejte jako obvykle. Pou\u017eijte teplotu, kter\u00e1 usnad\u0148uje p\u00e1jen\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vysok\u00e1 teplota m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit sou\u010d\u00e1stky nebo zp\u016fsobit odlupov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bdi, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota zase vede ke \u0161patn\u00fdm p\u00e1jen\u00fdm spoj\u016fm. Teplotu podle pot\u0159eby upravte.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co je to hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t? Hlin\u00edkov\u00fd substr\u00e1t je deska s kovov\u00fdm j\u00e1drem pota\u017een\u00e1 m\u011bd\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se vyzna\u010duje dobr\u00fdm odvodem tepla. Typick\u00e1 jednostrann\u00e1 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4629,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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