Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed kroky p\u0159i anal\u00fdze poruch<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Pro zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nebo mechanismu poruchy nebo vady desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f je t\u0159eba dodr\u017eet z\u00e1kladn\u00ed z\u00e1sady a postup anal\u00fdzy. Pokud je nedodr\u017e\u00edte, m\u016f\u017eete p\u0159ij\u00edt o cenn\u00e9 informace o poru\u0161e. Anal\u00fdza se m\u016f\u017ee zastavit nebo poskytnout nespr\u00e1vn\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br. B\u011b\u017en\u00fd z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u016fb\u011bh je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nejprve na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edznaku poruchy shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bte informace, prove\u010fte funk\u010dn\u00ed testy, elektrick\u00e9 testy a jednoduch\u00e9 vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontroly. Pomoc\u00ed nich najd\u011bte oblast, kde do\u0161lo k poru\u0161e, a zp\u016fsob poruchy. Jedn\u00e1 se o lokalizaci poruchy nebo lokalizaci z\u00e1vady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pro jednoduch\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f nebo jednoduch\u00e9 PCBA <\/a>desky, ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou \u010d\u00e1st lze snadno naj\u00edt. Ale u slo\u017eit\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed nebo substr\u00e1t\u016f, jako jsou nap\u0159. BGA <\/a>nebo MCM bal\u00ed\u010dk\u016f, nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 vady pozorovat mikroskopem. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 je naj\u00edt. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b je t\u0159eba pou\u017e\u00edt jin\u00e9 metody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u00e1le analyzujte mechanismus selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Pomoc\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch a chemick\u00fdch metod prozkoumejte mechanismus, kter\u00fd vedl k poru\u0161e nebo z\u00e1vad\u011b na desce plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Tyto mechanismy mohou zahrnovat studen\u00e9 p\u00e1jec\u00ed spoje, kontaminaci, mechanick\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, nam\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vlhkost\u00ed, dielektrickou korozi, \u00fanavov\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed, migraci CAF nebo iont\u016f, p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed atd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pot\u00e9 analyzujte hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu selh\u00e1n\u00ed. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b mechanismu poruchy a v\u00fdrobn\u00edho procesu hledejte p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobily, \u017ee k mechanismu do\u0161lo. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby prove\u010fte experimenty k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny. M\u011bli byste prov\u00e9st testovac\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, kdykoli je to mo\u017en\u00e9. Experimenty mohou naj\u00edt p\u0159esnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, kter\u00e1 vedla k selh\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00edm z\u00edsk\u00e1te jasn\u00fd a c\u00edlen\u00fd z\u00e1klad pro dal\u0161\u00ed krok ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed. Zpracujte zpr\u00e1vu o anal\u00fdze poruch na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u00fadaj\u016f z test\u016f, fakt\u016f a z\u00e1v\u011br\u016f z anal\u00fdzy. Fakta mus\u00ed b\u00fdt jasn\u00e1. Logika mus\u00ed b\u00fdt pevn\u00e1. Uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ehledn\u00e9. Nep\u0159edstavujte si p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny bez d\u016fkaz\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159i anal\u00fdze pou\u017e\u00edvejte metody od jednoduch\u00fdch po slo\u017eit\u00e9, od vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch po vnit\u0159n\u00ed a od nedestruktivn\u00edch po destruktivn\u00ed. Dodr\u017eujte tato z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla. Jen tak se vyhnete ztr\u00e1t\u011b kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch informac\u00ed a zabr\u00e1n\u00edte p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch, lidmi vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch mechanism\u016f poruch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Je to jako dopravn\u00ed nehoda. Pokud jeden z \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f zni\u010d\u00ed m\u00edsto nehody nebo ute\u010de, nem\u016f\u017ee ani zku\u0161en\u00fd policista spr\u00e1vn\u011b posoudit odpov\u011bdnost. Dopravn\u00ed z\u00e1kon obvykle vy\u017eaduje, aby ve\u0161kerou odpov\u011bdnost nesl \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk, kter\u00fd utekl nebo kter\u00fd zni\u010dil m\u00edsto nehody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed pro anal\u00fdzu poruch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f nebo desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Pokud n\u011bkdo pou\u017eije p\u00e1jku k p\u0159epracov\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho p\u00e1jec\u00edho spoje nebo pou\u017eije t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 n\u016f\u017eky ke st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdza je nemo\u017en\u00e1. M\u00edsto poruchy je zni\u010deno. To je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u0161patn\u00e9, kdy\u017e existuje jen n\u011bkolik selhan\u00fdch vzork\u016f. Pokud je m\u00edsto poruchy po\u0161kozeno, nelze zjistit skute\u010dnou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Optick\u00fd mikroskop slou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrole desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Pou\u017eijte jej k nalezen\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho m\u00edsta a souvisej\u00edc\u00edch fyzick\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f. Umo\u017e\u0148uje prvn\u00ed posouzen\u00ed zp\u016fsobu poruchy. P\u0159i vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrole se hled\u00e1 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed PCB, koroze, praskl\u00e9 desky, stopy obvod\u016f a vzory poruch. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zkontroluje, zda poruchy p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed v d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch, nebo se jedn\u00e1 o jednotliv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady. Zkontrolujte, zda se poruchy shlukuj\u00ed v\u017edy v jedn\u00e9 oblasti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n U d\u00edl\u016f, kter\u00e9 nelze vid\u011bt vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrolou, nebo u vnit\u0159n\u00edch vad v pr\u016fchoz\u00edch otvorech a jin\u00fdch vnit\u0159n\u00edch vad pou\u017eijte rentgenov\u00fd zobrazovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Rentgenov\u00fd syst\u00e9m funguje na z\u00e1klad\u011b rozd\u00edln\u00e9 absorpce nebo propustnosti rentgenov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed materi\u00e1ly r\u016fzn\u00e9 tlou\u0161\u0165ky nebo hustoty. T\u00edm se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed obrazy. Lid\u00e9 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rentgen ke kontrole vnit\u0159n\u00edch vad v p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u00edch PCBA, vnit\u0159n\u00edch vad v pr\u016fchoz\u00edch otvorech a k lokalizaci vadn\u00fdch p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f v pouzdrech s vysokou hustotou, jako jsou BGA nebo CSP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Anal\u00fdza pr\u016f\u0159ezu znamen\u00e1 odb\u011br vzork\u016f, osazen\u00ed, kr\u00e1jen\u00ed, le\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, lept\u00e1n\u00ed a pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u016f\u0159ezu DPS. Tento proces ukazuje vnit\u0159n\u00ed strukturu desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Anal\u00fdzou pr\u016f\u0159ezu z\u00edsk\u00e1te bohat\u00e9 informace o mikrostruktu\u0159e prvk\u016f DPS (nap\u0159. pr\u016fchoz\u00ed otvory a pokoven\u00ed). To pom\u00e1h\u00e1 \u0159\u00eddit zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality. Tato metoda je v\u0161ak destruktivn\u00ed. Jakmile vzorek na\u0159e\u017eete, je zni\u010den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hlavn\u00edm n\u00e1strojem pro anal\u00fdzu obal\u016f a sestav je dnes skenovac\u00ed akustick\u00e1 mikroskopie v C-m\u00f3du. Ta vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 vysokofrekven\u010dn\u00ed ultrazvukov\u00e9 vlny. Tyto vlny se odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed od nespojitost\u00ed materi\u00e1lu. Zm\u011bna amplitudy, f\u00e1ze a polarity se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed obrazu. Skenov\u00e1n\u00ed se pohybuje pod\u00e9l osy Z a zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 informace v rovin\u011b X-Y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SAM proto dok\u00e1\u017ee odhalit mnoho vnit\u0159n\u00edch vad sou\u010d\u00e1stek, materi\u00e1l\u016f a desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f nebo desek PCBA. Vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1 trhliny, delaminace, inkluze a dutiny. Pokud je frekven\u010dn\u00ed rozsah SAM dostate\u010dn\u011b \u0161irok\u00fd, m\u016f\u017ee odhalit i vnit\u0159n\u00ed vady p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Typick\u00e9 sn\u00edmky SAM zobrazuj\u00ed vady v\u00fdstra\u017enou barvou, nap\u0159\u00edklad \u010dervenou. B\u011bhem p\u0159echodu od olov\u011bn\u00fdch k bezolovnat\u00fdm proces\u016fm SMT se objevilo mnoho probl\u00e9m\u016f souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s vlhkost\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159etavov\u00e1n\u00ed. Plastov\u00e9 obaly absorbuj\u00edc\u00ed vlhkost se mohou p\u0159i p\u0159etavov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch bezolovnat\u00fdch proces\u016f uvnit\u0159 rozvrstvit nebo prasknout. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f mohou p\u0159i t\u011bchto vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch tak\u00e9 praskat nebo se odlupovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vykazuje SAM zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u00fdhody pro nedestruktivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edcevrstv\u00fdch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f s vysokou hustotou. Velk\u00e9 viditeln\u00e9 trhliny na desk\u00e1ch nebo vyfouknut\u00e9 desky v\u0161ak lze obvykle zjistit pouhou vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed kontrolou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Mikroinfra\u010derven\u00e1 anal\u00fdza kombinuje infra\u010dervenou spektroskopii s mikroskopi\u00ed. Vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee r\u016fzn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly - p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm organick\u00e9 - pohlcuj\u00ed infra\u010derven\u00e9 sv\u011btlo r\u016fzn\u011b. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem lze analyzovat chemick\u00e9 slo\u017eky materi\u00e1lu. Pomoc\u00ed mikroskopu m\u016f\u017ee viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo a infra\u010derven\u00e9 sv\u011btlo sd\u00edlet stejnou sv\u011btelnou cestu. Pod viditeln\u00fdm polem m\u016f\u017eete naj\u00edt mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed organick\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba analyzovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Infra\u010derven\u00e1 spektroskopie bez mikroskopu obvykle vy\u017eaduje v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vzorku. V elektronick\u00fdch procesech m\u016f\u017ee drobn\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zp\u016fsobit \u0161patnou p\u00e1jitelnost podlo\u017eky nebo olova. Bez infra\u010derven\u00e9 spektroskopie s mikroskopem je tedy obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161it n\u011bkter\u00e9 procesn\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Mikro-FTIR se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k anal\u00fdze organick\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na p\u00e1jec\u00edch povr\u0161\u00edch nebo p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u00edch a k anal\u00fdze p\u0159\u00ed\u010din koroze nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 p\u00e1jitelnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Rastrovac\u00ed elektronov\u00fd mikroskop je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fd velk\u00fd zobrazovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro anal\u00fdzu poruch. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed morfologie. Modern\u00ed SEM jsou v\u00fdkonn\u00e9. Dok\u00e1\u017eou zv\u011bt\u0161it jemn\u00e9 struktury nebo povrchov\u00e9 rysy a\u017e stotis\u00edckr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159i anal\u00fdze poruch desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f nebo p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f slou\u017e\u00ed SEM p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k anal\u00fdze mechanism\u016f poruch. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se SEM pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed morfologie povrchu plo\u0161ek, metalografick\u00e9 struktury p\u00e1jec\u00edch spoj\u016f, k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed intermetalick\u00fdch slou\u010denin, k anal\u00fdze p\u00e1jiteln\u00fdch povlak\u016f a k anal\u00fdze a m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed whisker c\u00ednu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s optick\u00fdm mikroskopem vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed SEM elektronov\u00fd obraz, tak\u017ee je \u010dernob\u00edl\u00fd. Vzorky pro SEM mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vodiv\u00e9. U nevodi\u010d\u016f a n\u011bkter\u00fdch polovodi\u010d\u016f mus\u00edte vzorek pokr\u00fdt zlatem nebo uhl\u00edkem. Jinak se na povrchu vzorku nahromad\u00ed n\u00e1boj a ovlivn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sn\u00edmky ze SEM maj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubku ostrosti ne\u017e optick\u00e9 mikroskopy. Pro metalografick\u00e9 struktury, povrchy mikrotrhlin a c\u00ednov\u00e9 whiskery je SEM d\u016fle\u017eitou metodou anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DSC m\u011b\u0159\u00ed rozd\u00edl v\u00fdkonu mezi testovan\u00fdm vzorkem a referen\u010dn\u00edm vzorkem p\u0159i teplot\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 programem. Zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 vztah mezi rozd\u00edlem v\u00fdkon\u016f a teplotou nebo \u010dasem. DSC zkoum\u00e1, jak se teplo m\u011bn\u00ed s teplotou. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho lze studovat fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed, chemick\u00e9 a termodynamick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n DSC m\u00e1 mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed. P\u0159i anal\u00fdze desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se DSC pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed stupn\u011b vytvrzen\u00ed a teploty skeln\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu (Tg) polymer\u016f pou\u017eit\u00fdch v desk\u00e1ch plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Tyto dva parametry ur\u010duj\u00ed spolehlivost DPS b\u011bhem pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch procesn\u00edch krok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TMA m\u011b\u0159\u00ed deforma\u010dn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed pevn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, kapalin a gel\u016f p\u0159i programov\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 teplot\u011b nebo mechanick\u00e9 s\u00edle. Studuje souvislost mezi tepeln\u00fdm a mechanick\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b z\u00e1vislosti deformace na teplot\u011b (nebo \u010dase) lze studovat fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti materi\u00e1lu a termodynamiku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159i anal\u00fdze desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se pomoc\u00ed TMA m\u011b\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dva kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 parametry: koeficient line\u00e1rn\u00ed rozta\u017enosti a teplota skeln\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu. Pokud m\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l velk\u00fd koeficient rozta\u017enosti, m\u016f\u017ee po p\u00e1jen\u00ed a osazen\u00ed desky plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f \u010dasto doj\u00edt k lomu pokoven\u00fdch pr\u016fchodek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TGA m\u011b\u0159\u00ed zm\u011bnu hmotnosti l\u00e1tky p\u0159i programov\u011b \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 teplot\u011b nebo \u010dase. S p\u0159esnou v\u00e1hou m\u016f\u017ee TGA sledovat mal\u00e9 zm\u011bny hmotnosti b\u011bhem \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 teploty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Z k\u0159ivky z\u00e1vislosti zm\u011bny hmotnosti na teplot\u011b (nebo \u010dase) lze studovat fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1lu a termodynamiku. P\u0159i anal\u00fdze desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f se TGA pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 stability nebo teploty rozkladu materi\u00e1l\u016f desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f. Pokud m\u00e1 substr\u00e1t p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzkou teplotu rozkladu, dojde p\u0159i vysokoteplotn\u00edm p\u00e1jen\u00ed k delaminaci nebo prasknut\u00ed DPS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n P\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed anal\u00fdzy selh\u00e1n\u00ed postupujte jasn\u011b a krok za krokem. Za\u010dn\u011bte vizu\u00e1ln\u00edmi a nedestruktivn\u00edmi kontrolami. Pou\u017eijte elektrick\u00e9 testy a sb\u011br informac\u00ed. Pot\u00e9 p\u0159ejd\u011bte k zobrazovac\u00edm metod\u00e1m, jako je rentgen a SAM. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby pou\u017eijte mikrochemick\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jako je mikro-FTIR, a zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed povrchu, jako je SEM. Destruktivn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky, jako je \u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed, si vyhra\u010fte pro p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy pot\u0159ebujete informace o mikrostruktu\u0159e a kdy mno\u017estv\u00ed vzorku umo\u017e\u0148uje destrukci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u017edy zaznamen\u00e1vejte \u00fadaje a uchov\u00e1vejte jasn\u00e1 fakta. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed logick\u00e9 kroky. Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, dokazujte z\u00e1v\u011bry pomoc\u00ed experiment\u016f. Nem\u011b\u0148te ani nepo\u0161kozujte m\u00edsto poruchy p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e jej zdokumentujete, proto\u017ee jakmile je m\u00edsto zm\u011bn\u011bno, m\u016f\u017ee se ztratit skute\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina. \u0158i\u010fte se pravidlem: od jednoduch\u00e9ho ke slo\u017eit\u00e9mu, od vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho k vnit\u0159n\u00edmu, od nedestruktivn\u00edho k destruktivn\u00edmu. To \u0161et\u0159\u00ed \u010das a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" PCB acts as the carrier for many components and as the hub for circuit signal transfer. 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acts as the carrier for many components and as the hub for circuit signal transfer. It has become a […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4698"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4706,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4698\/revisions\/4706"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4702"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Techniky anal\u00fdzy poruch<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Optick\u00fd mikroskop<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"Optical](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Optical-microscope.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nRentgen (rentgenov\u00e1 kontrola)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"X-ray\"](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/X-ray.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nPr\u016f\u0159ezov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
![\"Cross-section](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Cross-section-analysis.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nSkenovac\u00ed akustick\u00e1 mikroskopie (SAM)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Micro-FTIR (infra\u010derven\u00e1 anal\u00fdza v mikrom\u011b\u0159\u00edtku)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Skenovac\u00ed elektronov\u00fd mikroskop (SEM)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Tepeln\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Diferenci\u00e1ln\u00ed skenovac\u00ed kalorimetrie (DSC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"DSC\"](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/DSC.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nTermomechanick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza (TMA)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"TMA\"](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/TMA.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nTermogravimetrick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza (TGA)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
![\"TGA\"](\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/TGA.webp\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\nZ\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky a upozorn\u011bn\u00ed na osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy<\/h1>\n\n\n\n