{"id":4745,"date":"2026-03-03T08:22:24","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T08:22:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4745"},"modified":"2026-03-03T08:32:02","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T08:32:02","slug":"pcb-size-control-prevention-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/cs\/pcb-size-control-prevention-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"Kontrola velikosti PCB: Prevence a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tato pozn\u00e1mka vysv\u011btluje, pro\u010d mohou panely PCB b\u011bhem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bnit velikost a jak to kontrolovat. Od prvn\u00edho p\u0159enosu vzoru vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy na desce Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l PCB<\/a>, p\u0159es n\u011bkolik cykl\u016f laminace a pot\u00e9 k p\u0159enosu vzoru vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy se panel m\u016f\u017ee ve sm\u011bru X a Y r\u016fzn\u011b roz\u0161i\u0159ovat nebo smr\u0161\u0165ovat. Prozkoum\u00e1n\u00edm cel\u00e9ho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho diagramu v\u00fdroby desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt kroky procesu a p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, kter\u00e9 vedou k abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edmu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed panelu nebo \u0161patn\u00e9 konzistenci velikosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1 Stabilita vstupn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu a konzistence jednotliv\u00fdch \u0161ar\u017e\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Hlavn\u00edm faktorem je stabilita velikosti vstupn\u00edho z\u00e1kladn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu DPS. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost v\u011bnujte tomu, jak konzistentn\u00ed je materi\u00e1l mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi cykly laminace od stejn\u00e9ho dodavatele. I kdy\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u0161ar\u017ee spl\u0148uje specifikaci materi\u00e1lu, m\u016f\u017ee \u0161patn\u00e1 konzistence mezi \u0161ar\u017eemi zp\u016fsobit probl\u00e9my. Nap\u0159\u00edklad zku\u0161ebn\u00ed deska z prvn\u00ed s\u00e9rie m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt upravena p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou kompenzac\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy. Pozd\u011bji, kdy\u017e se ve v\u00fdrob\u011b pou\u017eije jin\u00e1 \u0161ar\u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, m\u016f\u017ee se kone\u010dn\u00e1 velikost vzoru dostat mimo toleranci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Existuje je\u0161t\u011b jeden abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad. N\u011bkter\u00e9 \u0161ar\u017ee vykazuj\u00ed norm\u00e1ln\u00ed rentgenov\u00e9 pom\u011bry a pom\u011bry p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy po laminov\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy. Pozd\u011bji, p\u0159ed fr\u00e9zov\u00e1n\u00edm obrys\u016f, se v\u0161ak zjist\u00ed, \u017ee se panel smrskl. V jednom v\u00fdrobn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu vykazovaly n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u0161ar\u017ee po p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. \u0160\u00ed\u0159ka panelu v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s d\u00e9lkou expedovan\u00e9 jednotky se vzhledem k m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy smr\u0161tila a\u017e o 3,6 milimetru na 10 palc\u016f. Tuto \u0161ar\u017ei jsme sledovali. Rentgenov\u00e9 \u00fadaje po laminaci vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy a m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy byly st\u00e1le v kontroln\u00edch mez\u00edch. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nem\u00e1 \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed procesu spolehlivou monitorovac\u00ed metodu, kter\u00e1 by tento druh posunu v\u010das zachytila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2 Faktory n\u00e1vrhu panelizace (pole)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Standardn\u00ed panely jsou obvykle navr\u017eeny se symetrick\u00fdm uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm. Pokud je m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko p\u0159enosu norm\u00e1ln\u00ed, symetrick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed nem\u00e1 velk\u00fd vliv na kone\u010dnou velikost vzoru. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edci nebo konstrukt\u00e9\u0159i v\u0161ak pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nesymetrick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed panel\u016f, aby zlep\u0161ili vyu\u017eit\u00ed materi\u00e1lu a sn\u00ed\u017eili n\u00e1klady. Nesymetrick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit zjevn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly ve velikosti vzoru v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech panelu. B\u011bhem zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed se u nesymetrick\u00fdch panel\u016f m\u016f\u017ee projevit hor\u0161\u00ed kontrola registrace. To plat\u00ed pro laserov\u00e9 vrt\u00e1n\u00ed naslepo, osvit p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy, osvit p\u00e1jec\u00ed masky a tisk legendy. V t\u011bchto kroc\u00edch se nesymetrick\u00e9 panely h\u016f\u0159e zarovn\u00e1vaj\u00ed a vylep\u0161uj\u00ed ne\u017e symetrick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.3 Faktory p\u0159enosu prvn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy vzoru<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159enos prvn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm krokem pro kone\u010dnou velikost DPS. Pokud je m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko filmu nebo kompenzace filmu pro prvn\u00ed p\u0159enos vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy \u0161patn\u00e9, pak kone\u010dn\u00e1 velikost vzoru PCB nemus\u00ed vyhovovat pot\u0159eb\u00e1m z\u00e1kazn\u00edka. \u0160patn\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00ed vrstvy m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit i pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my. Nap\u0159\u00edklad laserov\u00e9 slep\u00e9 pr\u016fchodky nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt zarovn\u00e1ny se sv\u00fdmi dopadov\u00fdmi podlo\u017ekami. To m\u016f\u017ee sn\u00ed\u017eit izolaci mezi vrstvami a m\u016f\u017ee dokonce zp\u016fsobit zkrat. M\u016f\u017ee to tak\u00e9 zp\u016fsobit probl\u00e9my s registrac\u00ed pr\u016fchoz\u00edch nebo slep\u00fdch pr\u016fchodek p\u0159i p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. C\u00edlen\u00fd monitoring a metody zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ijmout konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed metody monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.1 Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stability velikosti vstupn\u00edho z\u00e1kladn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu a konzistence d\u00e1vky<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Pravideln\u00e9 testy. Pravideln\u011b testujte stabilitu velikosti z\u00e1kladn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu od r\u016fzn\u00fdch dodavatel\u016f. Sledujte rozd\u00edly v osnov\u011b a \u00fatku (X a Y) mezi \u0161ar\u017eemi stejn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy materi\u00e1lu. K anal\u00fdze \u00fadaj\u016f ze zkou\u0161ek pou\u017eijte jednoduchou statistiku. To pom\u016f\u017ee naj\u00edt dodavatele, jejich\u017e materi\u00e1l je v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Vyu\u017eit\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f pro v\u00fdb\u011br dodavatele. Poskytn\u011bte \u00fadaje o velikosti SQE (Supplier Quality Engineering) a n\u00e1kupu. Z\u00edsk\u00e1te tak lep\u0161\u00ed podklady pro v\u00fdb\u011br dodavatele.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Detekce z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch posun\u016f. U jednotliv\u00fdch \u0161patn\u00fdch \u0161ar\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed po p\u0159enosu vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy, je dnes jedinou praktickou detekc\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed prvn\u00edch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch panel\u016f p\u0159i obrysov\u00e9m sm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo kontrola p\u0159i revizi z\u00e1silky. Druh\u00e1 metoda vy\u017eaduje p\u0159\u00edsnou kontrolu \u0161ar\u017ee. Ve velkos\u00e9riov\u00e9 v\u00fdrob\u011b s mnoha \u0161ar\u017eemi m\u016f\u017ee doch\u00e1zet k z\u00e1m\u011bn\u00e1m, co\u017e zt\u011b\u017euje detekci.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    2.2 Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, pou\u017e\u00edvejte symetrick\u00e9 konstrukce panel\u016f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. Pravidlo pro navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sna\u017ete se o symetrick\u00e9 proveden\u00ed panel\u016f. Symetrie pom\u00e1h\u00e1 udr\u017eet rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a smr\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech dod\u00e1van\u00fdch jednotek v panelu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Ozna\u010dte pozice panel\u016f. Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, po\u017e\u00e1dejte z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, aby umo\u017enil ozna\u010den\u00ed okraj\u016f procesu, nap\u0159\u00edklad leptac\u00edmi zna\u010dkami nebo ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm textem, pro ozna\u010den\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9 pozice dod\u00e1van\u00e9 jednotky na panelu. U nesymetrick\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed je toto zna\u010den\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pokud jedna jednotka v panelu pozd\u011bji vykazuje odchylku ve velikosti nebo lok\u00e1ln\u00ed vadu spodn\u00ed podlo\u017eky ve slep\u00e9m stavu, m\u016f\u017eete \u0161patnou jednotku identifikovat a p\u0159ed expedic\u00ed ji odstranit. Vyhnete se tak selh\u00e1n\u00ed mont\u00e1\u017ee a reklamac\u00edm ze strany z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \"Try<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      2.3 Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pilotn\u00ed desky pro nastaven\u00ed m\u011b\u0159\u00edtka p\u0159enosu a jeho ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. Vyrobte pilotn\u00ed desku s m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem. Vyrobte prvn\u00ed pilotn\u00ed desku, abyste ur\u010dili spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko f\u00f3lie pro prvn\u00ed p\u0159enos vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy. Tento krok je rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, pokud m\u011bn\u00edte z\u00e1kladn\u00ed materi\u00e1l nebo dodavatele P-f\u00f3lie za \u00fa\u010delem sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f nebo z jin\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. S neovladateln\u00fdmi panely zach\u00e1zejte opatrn\u011b. Pokud naleznete panely, kter\u00e9 jsou nekontrolovateln\u00e9, zkontrolujte, zda jsou otvory pro pr\u016fchodky jednotky z druhotn\u00e9ho vrt\u00e1n\u00ed. U panel\u016f po b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m vrt\u00e1n\u00ed je m\u016f\u017eete uvolnit pro p\u0159enos vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstvy a podle pot\u0159eby upravit m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko f\u00f3lie. U panel\u016f se sekund\u00e1rn\u011b vyvrtan\u00fdmi otvory v\u0161ak s abnorm\u00e1ln\u00edmi panely zach\u00e1zejte obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 opatrn\u011b. Mus\u00edte zajistit, aby rozm\u011bry hotov\u00e9ho vzoru a vzd\u00e1lenost od ter\u010de k pr\u016fchoz\u00edmu otvoru (sekund\u00e1rn\u011b vyvrtan\u00e9mu) odpov\u00eddaly specifikaci. Uchov\u00e1vejte si z\u00e1znamy: shroma\u017e\u010fujte \u00fadaje o m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku prvn\u00ed desky pro panely se sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed laminac\u00ed, abyste m\u011bli referenci.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        2.4 \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed procesu pomoc\u00ed registra\u010dn\u00edch dat vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy rentgenov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Pou\u017eijte rentgenovou registraci. Po laminaci pou\u017eijte rentgenov\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed ter\u010d\u016f vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy panelu k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed registra\u010dn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f pro pozice vyvrtan\u00fdch pr\u016fchodek. Porovnejte tato nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 \u010d\u00edsla ter\u010d\u016f vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy s p\u0159ijat\u00fdmi \u00fadaji pilotn\u00ed desky. Toto porovn\u00e1n\u00ed uk\u00e1\u017ee, zda velikost panelu nevykazuje abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed rozta\u017enost nebo smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. P\u0159\u00edsn\u00e1 tolerance \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed. Teoretick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza ukazuje, \u017ee by zde m\u011blo b\u00fdt \u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed kontrolov\u00e1no v rozmez\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u00b10,025%, aby byly spln\u011bny po\u017eadavky na velikost standardn\u00edch panel\u016f. Udr\u017eujte tuto toleranci v \u00fazk\u00e9m rozsahu, abyste se vyhnuli pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm s registrac\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
          \"Use<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          3. Shrnut\u00ed a z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          Anal\u00fdzou hlavn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din zv\u011bt\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a zmen\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed velikosti desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt praktick\u00e9 body sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a metody zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          - Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stability vstupn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu v jednotliv\u00fdch \u0161ar\u017e\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          - Up\u0159ednost\u0148ujte symetrick\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed panel\u016f a p\u0159id\u00e1vejte zna\u010dky polohy, pokud mus\u00ed b\u00fdt rozlo\u017een\u00ed asymetrick\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          - Pomoc\u00ed pilotn\u00edch desek nastavte m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko prvn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy filmu a zaznamenejte \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          - Pomoc\u00ed rentgenov\u00e9 registrace po laminaci m\u016f\u017eete v\u010das odhalit zm\u011bny velikosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          - K panel\u016fm se sekund\u00e1rn\u00edm vrt\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159istupujte jinak a s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pe\u010dlivost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee tyto my\u0161lenky budou pro odborn\u00edky na PCB u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9. Zkombinujte tyto metody s vlastn\u00edmi v\u00fdrobn\u00edmi podm\u00ednkami. Pak si vyberte zlep\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 vyhovuj\u00ed va\u0161\u00ed tov\u00e1rn\u011b a va\u0161im v\u00fdrobk\u016fm. Pokud budete cht\u00edt, mohu v\u00e1m p\u0159ipravit kr\u00e1tk\u00fd kontroln\u00ed seznam nebo \u0161ablonu pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f a z\u00e1znamy o pilotn\u00edch desk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt v d\u00edln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          4. V\u00fdhody spole\u010dnosti Philifast v oblasti kontroly velikosti PCB a stability procesu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          4.1 Schopnosti v\u00fdroby a kontroly kvality<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Spole\u010dnost Philifast m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 praktick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody p\u0159i kontrole zm\u011bn velikosti desek plo\u0161n\u00fdch spoj\u016f a p\u0159i dod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed stabiln\u00edch a spolehliv\u00fdch desek. Spole\u010dnost funguje ji\u017e mnoho let a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pokro\u010dil\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed linky a kontroln\u00ed n\u00e1stroje. Je dr\u017eitelem kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch certifik\u00e1t\u016f kvality a provozuje kvalifikovan\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00fd t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 pilotn\u00edmi deskami, kontrolou vstupn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu a nastaven\u00edm procesu. Spole\u010dnost Philifast m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik SMT <\/a>linek, rentgenov\u00e9 kontroly, kontroly AOI a SPI a kompletn\u00ed PCBA <\/a>kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed odhalit a p\u0159edej\u00edt probl\u00e9m\u016fm s velikost\u00ed a registrac\u00ed ji\u017e v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed f\u00e1zi toku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          4.2 Opat\u0159en\u00ed pro \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proces\u016f a integrace slu\u017eeb<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Spole\u010dnost Philifast prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsnou kontrolu vstupn\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, zaznamen\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fadaje o m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku pilotn\u00ed desky a pomoc\u00ed rentgenov\u00e9 registrace sleduje c\u00edle vnit\u0159n\u00ed vrstvy po laminaci. Tyto kroky sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edho smr\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nebo rozta\u017enosti a usnad\u0148uj\u00ed nalezen\u00ed \u0161patn\u00fdch jednotek v panelu p\u0159ed expedic\u00ed. Spole\u010dnost Philifast tak\u00e9 nab\u00edz\u00ed komplexn\u00ed slu\u017eby v oblasti PCB a PCBA od prototypu a\u017e po s\u00e9riovou v\u00fdrobu, tak\u017ee stejn\u00fd t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd sestavuje vzor desky, ji m\u016f\u017ee sledovat a\u017e po osazen\u00ed a testov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby byly v\u00fdsledky konzistentn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          This note explains why PCB panels can change size during processing and how to control this. From the first inner-layer 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