{"id":1917,"date":"2025-08-25T02:14:54","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T02:14:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=1917"},"modified":"2025-08-27T02:27:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-27T02:27:30","slug":"high-tg-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/da\/pcb-manufacturer\/high-tg-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"PCB med h\u00f8j Tg"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1917\" class=\"elementor elementor-1917\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4479652 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4479652\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95539f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95539f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Hvad er et h\u00f8j-Tg PCB?<\/h1><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Hvad er glasovergangstemperatur (Tg)?<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Glasovergangstemperatur, kaldet\u00a0<strong>Tg<\/strong>, er en af de vigtigste egenskaber ved plast og epoxymaterialer. Tg viser ogs\u00e5 kvaliteten af den glasfiberdug, der bruges i printkort. Sammenlignet med HDT (Heat Deflection Temperature) er Tg ikke altid vigtigere, men den betyder stadig noget. Tg er den temperatur, hvor de lange k\u00e6der i en plast f\u00e5r st\u00f8rre segmentbev\u00e6gelse.<\/div><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">N\u00e5r brugstemperaturen er under Tg, er bev\u00e6gelsen af polymerk\u00e6desegmenter for det meste frosset. Materialet viser en mere ordnet, gitterlignende struktur. Plasten er h\u00e5rd, stiv og sk\u00f8r. Vi kalder dette for\u00a0<strong>Glasagtig tilstand<\/strong>.<\/div><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">N\u00e5r brugstemperaturen er over Tg, har polymerk\u00e6desegmenterne st\u00f8rre frihed til at bev\u00e6ge sig. Plasten bliver bl\u00f8dere og mere fleksibel. Vi kalder dette for\u00a0<strong>gummiagtig tilstand<\/strong>.<\/div><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">S\u00e5 Tg er den temperatur, hvor materialet skifter fra glasagtigt til gummiagtigt. Tg er den h\u00f8jeste temperatur, hvor et substrat bevarer sin stivhed. Med andre ord vil almindelige PCB-substratmaterialer bl\u00f8dg\u00f8res, deformeres eller endda smelte ved h\u00f8j temperatur. Samtidig falder deres mekaniske og elektriske egenskaber hurtigt.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Tg og bestyrelsesadf\u00e6rd<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Tg markerer en klar \u00e6ndring i materialets opf\u00f8rsel. Under Tg beholder pladen sin form og mekaniske styrke. Over Tg kan pladen b\u00f8je og miste stivhed. Denne \u00e6ndring p\u00e5virker ogs\u00e5 de elektriske egenskaber. Dielektrisk tab og isoleringsadf\u00e6rd kan \u00e6ndre sig, n\u00e5r temperaturen bev\u00e6ger sig over Tg. N\u00e5r man designer og monterer printkort, hj\u00e6lper det at kende Tg med at v\u00e6lge de rigtige materialer og processer.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Kategorier af PCB Tg-v\u00e6rdier<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Producenter inddeler pladematerialer efter Tg-intervaller. Typiske grupper er:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li><strong>Normale Tg-tavler<\/strong>: 130 \u00b0C til 150 \u00b0C. Eksempler: KB-6164F (140 \u00b0C), S1141 (140 \u00b0C).<\/li><li><strong>Medium Tg-plader<\/strong>: 150 \u00b0C til 170 \u00b0C. Eksempler: KB-6165F (150 \u00b0C), S1141-150 (150 \u00b0C).<\/li><li><strong>Plader med h\u00f8j Tg (h\u00f8jere pris)<\/strong>: 170 \u00b0C og derover. Eksempler: KB-6167F (170 \u00b0C), S1170 (170 \u00b0C).<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Bem\u00e6rk: For nogle forbruger- og netv\u00e6rksprodukter var S1141 almindelig. I QC-rapporter viser den nogle gange Tg = 130 \u00b0C og andre gange Tg = 135 \u00b0C. Dette viser, at testning og navngivning af kvaliteter kan variere.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Fordele ved materialer med h\u00f8j Tg<\/h2><ol class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li><strong>H\u00f8jere stabilitet<\/strong>: Hvis du h\u00e6ver PCB-substratets Tg, h\u00e6ver du ogs\u00e5 varmebestandigheden, den kemiske bestandighed, fugtbestandigheden og enhedens stabilitet.<\/li><li><strong>Bedre til design med h\u00f8j effektt\u00e6thed<\/strong>: Hvis en enhed har h\u00f8j effektt\u00e6thed og stor varmeudvikling, hj\u00e6lper PCB'er med h\u00f8j Tg med at styre varmen.<\/li><li><strong>Fleksibilitet i designet<\/strong>: Med bedre termiske egenskaber kan du \u00e6ndre printkortets st\u00f8rrelse eller layout og stadig opfylde str\u00f8m- og varmebehov. Du kan bruge st\u00f8rre printkort eller forskellige opstillinger, n\u00e5r varmen styres bedre.<\/li><li><strong>Ideel til flerlags- og HDI-printkort<\/strong>: Multilayer- og HDI-kort er t\u00e6tte. De skaber h\u00f8jere varmeniveauer. Plader med h\u00f8j Tg hj\u00e6lper med at bevare produktions- og produktp\u00e5lidelighed.<\/li><li><strong>Forbedret modstandsdygtighed<\/strong>: N\u00e5r Tg stiger, forbedres pladens modstandsdygtighed over for varme, fugt og kemikalier. Stabiliteten i brug forbedres ogs\u00e5.<\/li><li><strong>Bedre til blyfri lodning<\/strong>: Blyfri reflow bruger h\u00f8jere temperaturer. Kort med h\u00f8jere Tg h\u00e5ndterer disse temperaturer bedre.<\/li><li><strong>Mindre sk\u00e6vvridning i SMT<\/strong>: Materialer med h\u00f8j Tg deformeres mindre under SMT og reflow. De giver h\u00f8jere p\u00e5lidelighed. Risici som revner ved h\u00f8j temperatur og kobberbl\u00e6rer er lavere end med lav-Tg-kort. Ved normal h\u00e5ndtering kan h\u00f8j-Tg-materiale f\u00f8les mere sk\u00f8rt, men ved h\u00f8j temperatur er dets styrke og dimensionsstabilitet (CTE-adf\u00e6rd) bedre end lav-Tg-materialer.<\/li><\/ol><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Ydeevne af h\u00f8j-Tg PCB'er<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Med den hurtige v\u00e6kst inden for elektronik bruges h\u00f8j-Tg-materialer i vid udstr\u00e6kning i computere, kommunikationsenheder, pr\u00e6cisionsinstrumenter og testudstyr. For at n\u00e5 h\u00f8jere funktioner og flere lag skal PCB-substrater have h\u00f8jere varmebestandighed som et grundl\u00e6ggende krav. Ogs\u00e5 med h\u00f8jdensitetsmontering som SMT og chipmonteringsteknologier og med tendenser til tyndere plader, mindre huller og finere routing bliver substratets varmebestandighed kritisk.<\/div><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Forskellen mellem typisk FR-4 og h\u00f8j-Tg FR-4 viser sig p\u00e5 mange m\u00e5der. Mekanisk styrke, vedh\u00e6ftning, vandabsorption, dimensionsstabilitet og termisk opf\u00f8rsel efter fugtoptagelse varierer alle. Under termisk stress og termisk udvidelse holder h\u00f8j-Tg-plader formen og fungerer bedre. Af denne grund er eftersp\u00f8rgslen efter h\u00f8j-Tg-plader steget. Deres pris er h\u00f8jere end standardplader.<\/div><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">H\u00f8j-Tg-materialer er popul\u00e6re i LED-belysning. LED-pakker afgiver mere varme end almindelige dele. Et FR-4-kort med den rigtige struktur kan v\u00e6re meget billigere end et metalkernekort og stadig opfylde de termiske behov i nogle designs.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Hvorfor bruge FR-4 til at lave h\u00f8j-Tg-printkort?<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Nogle applikationer har brug for printkort, der fungerer ved 200 \u00b0C eller h\u00f8jere. For at kunne k\u00f8re p\u00e5lideligt ved s\u00e5danne temperaturer skal vi bruge materialer, der er lavet til h\u00f8je temperaturer. Et almindeligt valg er FR-4. FR-4-plader med h\u00f8j Tg kan h\u00e5ndtere meget h\u00f8jere glasovergangstemperaturer og stadig have brugbare egenskaber:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li>Forbedret impedansstyring.<\/li><li>Bedre termisk styring.<\/li><li>Lavere optagelse af fugt.<\/li><li>Stabil ydelse i drift.<\/li><\/ul><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">FR-4 er en flammeh\u00e6mmende, glasfiberforst\u00e6rket epoxy. Den har mange fordele, der passer til PCB-behov med h\u00f8j Tg:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li>Det modst\u00e5r mange lamineringscyklusser og passer til komplekse PCB-processer.<\/li><li>Den underst\u00f8tter blyfri montering.<\/li><li>FR-4-typerne er mange. Der er PTFE-typer, keramikfyldt PTFE og termoh\u00e6rdede kulbrintebaser. Du v\u00e6lger efter behov.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">FR-4 S\u00e6rlige egenskaber<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">FR-4 tilbyder vigtige styrker til anvendelser med stor eftersp\u00f8rgsel:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li><strong>God elektrisk ydeevne<\/strong>: Dette bevarer signalkvaliteten ved h\u00f8j frekvens og h\u00f8j temperatur.<\/li><li>Den kan h\u00e5ndtere specialboringer og PTH-processer (plated through-hole) til komplekse printplader.<\/li><li><strong>PTH's p\u00e5lidelighed er god<\/strong>: Det mindsker risikoen for, at forbindelsen svigter ved h\u00f8je temperaturer.<\/li><li><strong>Prisen er lavere end mange avancerede materialer<\/strong>\u00a0mens ydeevnen er god.<\/li><li><strong>Stabil afledningsfaktor (Df)<\/strong>\u00a0sammenlignet med nogle andre materialer. Det reducerer signaltabet.<\/li><li><strong>God kemisk modstandsdygtighed<\/strong>\u00a0til at modst\u00e5 proceskemikalier og eksponering i felten.<\/li><li><strong>St\u00f8d- og vibrationsbestandighed samt flammeh\u00e6mning<\/strong>: G\u00f8r br\u00e6dderne mere sikre ved h\u00e5rdh\u00e6ndet brug.<\/li><li>Den passer til PCB-designs, der kr\u00e6ver stram impedansstyring for h\u00f8jhastighedssignaler.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">FR-4 h\u00f8j-Tg PCB-anvendelsesomr\u00e5der<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Fordi FR-4 h\u00f8j-Tg-plader h\u00e5ndterer varme godt, bruges de i mange brancher, der har brug for stabil termisk adf\u00e6rd. Typiske omr\u00e5der omfatter:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li>Computere, lagerplads og periferiudstyr.<\/li><li>Forbrugerelektronik.<\/li><li>Netv\u00e6rk og telekommunikationssystemer.<\/li><li>Luft- og rumfart og forsvar.<\/li><li>Medicinsk udstyr.<\/li><li>Industriel kontrol og instrumenter.<\/li><li>Biler og transport.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">S\u00e5dan v\u00e6lger du det rigtige FR-4-materiale<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Der findes mange FR-4-varianter. Det er vigtigt at v\u00e6lge det rigtige, fordi materialevalget er afg\u00f8rende for PCB'ets endelige stabilitet og bedste ydeevne. F\u00f8r du v\u00e6lger et substrat, skal du tjekke disse faktorer:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li><strong>Dielektrisk konstant<\/strong>: Det p\u00e5virker signalets hastighed og impedans.<\/li><li><strong>Tabstangent eller spredningsfaktor<\/strong>: Det p\u00e5virker signaltabet.<\/li><li><strong>Termisk ledningsevne<\/strong>: Det p\u00e5virker varmeafgivelsen.<\/li><li><strong>Glasovergangstemperatur (Tg)<\/strong>: Dette er den centrale indikator, der s\u00e6tter den \u00f8vre varmegr\u00e6nse.<\/li><li><strong>Koefficient for termisk udvidelse (CTE)<\/strong>: Det p\u00e5virker dimensionsstabiliteten ved h\u00f8je temperaturer.<\/li><li><strong>Elektriske egenskaber<\/strong>\u00a0som isolationsmodstand og gennembrudssp\u00e6nding.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Hvorn\u00e5r har du brug for et h\u00f8j-Tg PCB?<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Hvis dit board skal kunne modst\u00e5 varmebelastninger, der n\u00e5r op p\u00e5 ca. Tg + 25 \u00b0C, skal du bruge materiale med h\u00f8j Tg. Hvis et produkt k\u00f8rer ved 130 \u00b0C eller h\u00f8jere, tilf\u00f8jer h\u00f8j-Tg-kort sikkerhed og p\u00e5lidelighed. En vigtig drivkraft er blyfri lodning. Blyfri processer bruger h\u00f8jere spidstemperaturer. Derfor bruger mange printkortproducenter nu materialer med h\u00f8j Tg.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Typiske anvendelser af h\u00f8j-Tg PCB'er<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Hvis et produkt har h\u00f8jere effektt\u00e6thed, og varmen vil p\u00e5virke k\u00f8lelegemet eller andre dele, er h\u00f8j-Tg-kort et godt valg. Efterh\u00e5nden som h\u00f8j-Tg-kort bliver mere og mere popul\u00e6re, vil du se dem, hvor elektronikken k\u00f8rer ved h\u00f8jere temperaturer. PHILIFAST tilbyder PCB'er med h\u00f8j varme til at opfylde mange industribehov og til at opfylde kundespecifikationer med korte leveringstider. Eksempler p\u00e5 anvendelser omfatter:<\/div><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li>Gateways og routere.<\/li><li>RFID-l\u00e6sere og -tags.<\/li><li>Power invertere.<\/li><li>Antenne- og RF-kort.<\/li><li>Tr\u00e5dl\u00f8se repeatere og boostere.<\/li><li>Kontraktproduktion (PCBA for kunder).<\/li><li>Billige PLC- og kontrolenheder.<\/li><li>Udviklingskort til indlejrede systemer.<\/li><li>Indlejrede computersystemer.<\/li><li>AC-str\u00f8m og str\u00f8mforsyningsmoduler.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">PHILIFAST-materialer med h\u00f8j Tg<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">PHILIFAST lagerf\u00f8rer og bruger flere h\u00f8j-Tg og relaterede materialer. Nedenfor er almindelige navne og typer, der bruges i branchen. Disse navne er handelsnavne og kvalitetskoder fra harpiks- og laminatleverand\u00f8rer.<\/div><p>\u00a0<\/p><table><thead><tr><th>Materialekategori<\/th><th>Specifikke modeller\/handelsnavne<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>H\u00f8j-Tg FR-4 (halogenfri)<\/td><td>Shengyi S1165, Kingboard HF-170<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Normal Tg FR-4 (halogenfri)<\/td><td>Shengyi S1155, KB-6165G<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00f8je CTI-typer<\/td><td>Shengyi S1600L, KB-6165GC, KB-6169GT<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Andre h\u00f8j-Tg FR-4-kvaliteter og handelsnavne<\/td><td>FR408, FR408HR, IS410, FR406, GETEK, PCL-370HR; S1000-2, IT180A, IT-150DA; N4000-13, N4000-13EP, N4000-13SI, N4000-13EP SI; Megtron4, Megtron6 (Panasonic); EM-827 (Taiguang); GA-170 (Hongren); NP-180 (Nanya); TU-752, TU-662 (Taiaoyao); TU-872; MCL-BE-67G(H); MCL-E-679(W); MCL-E-679F(J) (Hitachi) og relaterede kvaliteter som IT180A, GETEK, PCL-370HR, N4000-13-serien, S1000-2 og S1000-2M.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><p>\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Disse lister d\u00e6kker mange kommercielle laminater og prepregs, der bruges til h\u00f8j-Tg og h\u00f8jtydende plader. Du kan v\u00e6lge en kvalitet ud fra testdata og dine procesbehov.<\/div><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Vigtige bem\u00e6rkninger om behandling og p\u00e5lidelighed<\/h2><ul class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\"><li>Materialer med h\u00f8j Tg modst\u00e5r reflow og flere lamineringscyklusser. Dette hj\u00e6lper med komplekse flerlagsopbygninger.<\/li><li>H\u00f8jere Tg reducerer risikoen for delaminering under termiske cyklusser, men du skal stadig kontrollere procesvariabler som tryk, temperaturprofil og resinfyldning.<\/li><li>Fugtoptagelse er vigtig. Selv materialer med h\u00f8j Tg kan optage fugt. T\u00f8rre- og opbevaringsprocedurer er stadig vigtige for en p\u00e5lidelig samling.<\/li><li>CTE-match er vigtigt. Kortets CTE skal matche komponentens og laminatets opf\u00f8rsel for at reducere stress i loddefugen, is\u00e6r for BGA'er og store chips.<\/li><li>Til HDI og fine pitch-arbejde skal du v\u00e6lge materialer med stabilt dielektrikum og lavt tab for at sikre signalintegriteten.<\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\">Sammenfatning<\/h2><div class=\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\">Tg er den temperatur, hvor plast \u00e6ndrer sig fra h\u00e5rd og glasagtig til bl\u00f8d og gummiagtig. PCB-materialer med h\u00f8j Tg bevarer struktur og funktion ved h\u00f8jere temperaturer. De hj\u00e6lper med blyfri lodning, h\u00f8j effektt\u00e6thed og stramme designbehov som flerlag og HDI. FR-4 er fortsat et almindeligt og omkostningseffektivt valg til printkort med h\u00f8j Tg. Du skal v\u00e6lge den materialekvalitet, der passer til dine elektriske, termiske og mekaniske behov. PHILIFAST tilbyder mange h\u00f8j-Tg-muligheder for at opfylde forskellige branchekrav.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a high-Tg PCB? What is Glass Transition Temperature (Tg)? Glass transition temperature, called\u00a0Tg, is one of the most [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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temperature, called\\u00a0<strong>Tg<\\\/strong>, is one of the most important properties of plastics and epoxy materials. Tg also shows the quality of the glass fiber cloth used in PCBs. Compared with HDT (Heat Deflection Temperature), Tg is not always more important, but it still matters. Tg is the temperature when the long chains in a plastic gain larger segmental motion.<\\\/div><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">When the use temperature is below Tg, the motion of polymer chain segments is mostly frozen. The material shows more ordered, lattice-like structure. The plastic is hard, stiff, and brittle. We call this the\\u00a0<strong>glassy state<\\\/strong>.<\\\/div><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">When the use temperature is above Tg, the polymer chain segments have more freedom to move. The plastic becomes softer and more flexible. We call this the\\u00a0<strong>rubbery state<\\\/strong>.<\\\/div><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">So Tg is the temperature where the material shifts from glassy to rubbery. Tg is the highest temperature at which a substrate keeps its rigidity. In other words, ordinary PCB substrate materials will soften, deform, or even melt at high temperature. At the same time, their mechanical and electrical properties fall fast.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Tg and Board Behavior<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Tg marks a clear change in material behavior. Below Tg, the board keeps its shape and mechanical strength. Above Tg, the board may bend and lose stiffness. This change also affects electrical properties. Dielectric loss and insulation behavior can change as temperature moves across Tg. For PCB design and assembly, knowing the Tg helps choose proper materials and processes.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Categories of PCB Tg Values<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Manufacturers divide board materials by Tg ranges. Typical groups are:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li><strong>Normal Tg boards<\\\/strong>: 130 \\u00b0C to 150 \\u00b0C. Examples: KB-6164F (140 \\u00b0C), S1141 (140 \\u00b0C).<\\\/li><li><strong>Medium Tg boards<\\\/strong>: 150 \\u00b0C to 170 \\u00b0C. Examples: KB-6165F (150 \\u00b0C), S1141-150 (150 \\u00b0C).<\\\/li><li><strong>High Tg boards (higher cost)<\\\/strong>: 170 \\u00b0C and above. Examples: KB-6167F (170 \\u00b0C), S1170 (170 \\u00b0C).<\\\/li><\\\/ul><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Note: For some consumer and network products, S1141 was common. In QC reports it sometimes shows Tg = 130 \\u00b0C and sometimes Tg = 135 \\u00b0C. This shows that testing and grade naming can vary.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Advantages of High-Tg Materials<\\\/h2><ol class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li><strong>Higher stability<\\\/strong>: If you raise the Tg of the PCB substrate, you also raise heat resistance, chemical resistance, moisture resistance, and device stability.<\\\/li><li><strong>Better for high power density designs<\\\/strong>: If a device has high power density and large heat generation, high-Tg PCBs help manage heat.<\\\/li><li><strong>Design flexibility<\\\/strong>: With better thermal properties, you can change board size or layout and still meet power and thermal needs. You can use bigger PCBs or different stackups when heat is better managed.<\\\/li><li><strong>Ideal for multilayer and HDI PCBs<\\\/strong>: Multilayer and HDI boards are dense. They create higher heat levels. High-Tg boards help keep manufacturing and product reliability.<\\\/li><li><strong>Improved resistance<\\\/strong>: When Tg rises, the board\\u2019s resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals improves. Stability in service also improves.<\\\/li><li><strong>Better for lead-free soldering<\\\/strong>: Lead-free reflow uses higher temperatures. Boards with higher Tg handle these temperatures better.<\\\/li><li><strong>Lower warpage in SMT<\\\/strong>: High-Tg materials deform less during SMT and reflow. They give higher reliability. Risks like high-temperature cracking and copper blistering are lower than with low-Tg boards. In normal handling, high-Tg material can feel more brittle, but at high temperature its strength and dimensional stability (CTE behavior) are better than low-Tg materials.<\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Performance of High-Tg PCBs<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">With fast growth in electronics, high-Tg materials are widely used in computers, communication devices, precision instruments, and test equipment. To reach higher functions and more layers, PCB substrates need higher heat resistance as a basic requirement. Also, with high-density assembly like SMT and chip mounting technologies, and with trends to thinner boards, smaller holes, and finer routing, substrate heat resistance becomes critical.<\\\/div><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">The difference between typical FR-4 and high-Tg FR-4 shows in many ways. Mechanical strength, adhesion, water absorption, dimensional stability, and thermal behavior after moisture uptake all vary. Under thermal stress and thermal expansion, high-Tg boards keep shape and function better. For this reason, demand for high-Tg boards has risen. Their price is higher than standard boards.<\\\/div><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">High-Tg materials are popular in LED lighting. LED packages dissipate more heat than ordinary parts. An FR-4 board with the right structure can be much cheaper than a metal core board and still meet thermal needs in some designs.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Why Use FR-4 to Make High-Tg PCBs?<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Some applications need PCBs that work at 200 \\u00b0C or higher. To run reliably at such temperatures, we must use materials made for high temperature. One common choice is FR-4. High-Tg FR-4 boards can handle much higher glass transition temperatures and still give useful properties:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li>Improved impedance control.<\\\/li><li>Better thermal management.<\\\/li><li>Lower moisture uptake.<\\\/li><li>Stable performance in service.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">FR-4 is a flame-retardant, glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy. It has many benefits that suit high-Tg PCB needs:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li>It resists many lamination cycles and fits complex PCB processes.<\\\/li><li>It supports lead-free assembly.<\\\/li><li>FR-4 types are many. There are PTFE types, ceramic-filled PTFE, and thermoset hydrocarbon bases. You choose by need.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">FR-4 Special Properties<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">FR-4 offers key strengths for high demand uses:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li><strong>Good electrical performance<\\\/strong>: This keeps signal quality in high frequency and high temperature.<\\\/li><li>It can handle special drilling and plated through-hole (PTH) processes for complex boards.<\\\/li><li><strong>PTH reliability is good<\\\/strong>: This lowers the risk of connection failure at high temperature.<\\\/li><li><strong>The cost is lower than many high-end materials<\\\/strong>\\u00a0while performance is good.<\\\/li><li><strong>Stable dissipation factor (Df)<\\\/strong>\\u00a0compared with some other materials. This reduces signal loss.<\\\/li><li><strong>Good chemical resistance<\\\/strong>\\u00a0to resist process chemicals and field exposure.<\\\/li><li><strong>Shock and vibration resistance, plus flame retardancy<\\\/strong>: Make boards safer in rough use.<\\\/li><li>It fits PCB designs that need tight impedance control for high speed signals.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">FR-4 High-Tg PCB Application Areas<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Because FR-4 high-Tg boards handle heat well, they serve many industries that need stable thermal behavior. Typical areas include:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li>Computing, storage, and peripherals.<\\\/li><li>Consumer electronics.<\\\/li><li>Networking and telecom systems.<\\\/li><li>Aerospace and defense.<\\\/li><li>Medical devices.<\\\/li><li>Industrial control and instruments.<\\\/li><li>Automotive and transport.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">How to Choose the Right FR-4 Material<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">There are many FR-4 variants. Choosing the right one is key because material choice sets the final PCB stability and best performance. Before selecting a substrate, check these factors:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li><strong>Dielectric constant<\\\/strong>: It affects signal speed and impedance.<\\\/li><li><strong>Loss tangent or dissipation factor<\\\/strong>: It affects signal loss.<\\\/li><li><strong>Thermal conductivity<\\\/strong>: It affects heat removal.<\\\/li><li><strong>Glass transition temperature (Tg)<\\\/strong>: This is the core indicator that sets the upper heat limit.<\\\/li><li><strong>Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)<\\\/strong>: It affects dimensional stability at high temperature.<\\\/li><li><strong>Electrical properties<\\\/strong>\\u00a0like insulation resistance and breakdown voltage.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">When Do You Need a High-Tg PCB?<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">If your board must withstand heat loads that reach about Tg + 25 \\u00b0C, then you need high-Tg material. If a product runs at 130 \\u00b0C or higher, high-Tg boards add safety and reliability. A main driver is lead-free soldering. Lead-free processes use higher peak temperatures. For this reason many PCB makers now use high-Tg materials.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Typical Uses of High-Tg PCBs<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">If a product has higher power density and heat will affect the heatsink or other parts, high-Tg boards are a good choice. As high-Tg boards grow in popularity, you will see them where electronics run at higher temperatures. PHILIFAST offers high-heat PCBs to meet many industry needs and to meet customer specs with short lead times. Example applications include:<\\\/div><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li>Gateways and routers.<\\\/li><li>RFID readers and tags.<\\\/li><li>Power inverters.<\\\/li><li>Antenna and RF boards.<\\\/li><li>Wireless repeaters and boosters.<\\\/li><li>Contract manufacturing services (PCBA for clients).<\\\/li><li>Low-cost PLC and control units.<\\\/li><li>Embedded system development boards.<\\\/li><li>Embedded computer systems.<\\\/li><li>AC power and power supply modules.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">PHILIFAST High-Tg Materials<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">PHILIFAST stocks and uses several high-Tg and related materials. Below are common names and types used in the industry. These names are trade names and grade codes from resin and laminate suppliers.<\\\/div><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><table><thead><tr><th>Material Category<\\\/th><th>Specific Models\\\/Trade Names<\\\/th><\\\/tr><\\\/thead><tbody><tr><td>High-Tg FR-4 (halogen-free)<\\\/td><td>Shengyi S1165, Kingboard HF-170<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr><td>Normal Tg FR-4 (halogen-free)<\\\/td><td>Shengyi S1155, KB-6165G<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr><td>High CTI types<\\\/td><td>Shengyi S1600L, KB-6165GC, KB-6169GT<\\\/td><\\\/tr><tr><td>Other high-Tg FR-4 grades and trade names<\\\/td><td>FR408, FR408HR, IS410, FR406, GETEK, PCL-370HR; S1000-2, IT180A, IT-150DA; N4000-13, N4000-13EP, N4000-13SI, N4000-13EP SI; Megtron4, Megtron6 (Panasonic); EM-827 (Taiguang); GA-170 (Hongren); NP-180 (Nanya); TU-752, TU-662 (Taiaoyao); TU-872; MCL-BE-67G(H); MCL-E-679(W); MCL-E-679F(J) (Hitachi) and related grades such as IT180A, GETEK, PCL-370HR, N4000-13 series, S1000-2 and S1000-2M<\\\/td><\\\/tr><\\\/tbody><\\\/table><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">These lists cover many commercial laminates and prepregs used for high-Tg and high-performance boards. You can pick a grade by test data and by your process needs.<\\\/div><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Key Processing and Reliability Notes<\\\/h2><ul class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\"><li>High-Tg materials resist reflow and multiple lamination cycles. This helps complex multilayer builds.<\\\/li><li>Higher Tg reduces the chance of delamination during thermal cycles, but you must still control process variables like pressure, temperature profile, and resin fill.<\\\/li><li>Moisture absorption matters. Even high-Tg materials can take on moisture. Drying and storage procedures still matter for reliable assembly.<\\\/li><li>CTE match is important. The board CTE should match component and laminate behavior to reduce solder joint stress, especially for BGAs and large chips.<\\\/li><li>For HDI and fine pitch work, choose materials with stable dielectric and low loss for signal integrity.<\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 class=\\\"header-vfC6AV auto-hide-last-sibling-br\\\">Summary<\\\/h2><div class=\\\"auto-hide-last-sibling-br paragraph-JOTKXA paragraph-element br-paragraph-space\\\">Tg is the temperature where plastic changes from hard and glassy to soft and rubbery. High-Tg PCB materials keep structure and function at higher temperatures. They help with lead-free soldering, high power density, and tight design needs like multilayer and HDI. FR-4 remains a common and cost-effective choice for high-Tg boards. You must pick the material grade that fits your electrical, thermal, and mechanical needs. 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