{"id":4751,"date":"2026-03-03T09:46:50","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T09:46:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4751"},"modified":"2026-03-03T10:04:27","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T10:04:27","slug":"pcb-stackup-function-and-design-principles-translation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/da\/pcb-stackup-function-and-design-principles-translation\/","title":{"rendered":"Bedste praksis for opstabling af flerlags printkort til signalintegritet"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Definition og hvorn\u00e5r man skal tilf\u00f8je lag<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

For H\u00f8jhastigheds multilayer boards<\/a>, Et grundl\u00e6ggende to-lags design kan ofte ikke opfylde behovene for signalkvalitet og routing-t\u00e6thed. I s\u00e5 fald er du n\u00f8dt til at tilf\u00f8je lag til PCB-stackupen for at opfylde designbehovene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Positive (signal) planer og negative (inverterede) planer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Et positivt plan er det s\u00e6dvanlige signallag, der bruges til routing. De synlige dele er kobberbaner. P\u00e5 et positivt plan kan man lave store kobberudst\u00f8bninger og fylde omr\u00e5der med kobber, f.eks. ved at bruge udtryk som \u201ctrace\u201d eller \u201ccopper\u201d til at beskrive kobberomr\u00e5derne. Se figur 8-32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"8-32
8-32 Positivt planlag<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Et negativt plan er det modsatte. Med et negativt plan er det standard at h\u00e6lde kobber over hele laget. Routing-omr\u00e5derne er udsk\u00e6ringerne. Der er ikke noget kobber p\u00e5 routing-linjerne. Det, du g\u00f8r, er at sk\u00e6re kobberet ud og derefter indstille nettene til de udsk\u00e5rne omr\u00e5der. Se figur 8-33.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figure
Figur 8-33 Negativt planlag<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

3. Opdeling af indre str\u00f8m\/jord-planer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I \u00e6ldre Protel-versioner blev de indre powerplanes delt ved hj\u00e6lp af en \u201csplit\u201d-funktion. I nuv\u00e6rende versioner som f.eks. Altium Designer 19<\/a>, Du opdeler ved at tegne \u201clinjer\u201d og bruge genvejstasten \u201cPL\u201d til at placere dem. Opdelingslinjerne m\u00e5 ikke v\u00e6re for tynde. Du kan v\u00e6lge 15 mil eller st\u00f8rre. N\u00e5r du h\u00e6lder kobber efter opdelingen, skal du tegne en lukket polygon med \u201clinje\u201d-v\u00e6rkt\u00f8jet og derefter dobbeltklikke inde i polygonen og indstille nettet til kobberh\u00e6ldningen. Se figur 8-34.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figure
Figur 8-34 Dobbeltklik for at tildele net<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e5de positive og negative planer kan bruges til indre str\u00f8m- eller jordlag. Du kan ogs\u00e5 opn\u00e5 et positivt indre plan ved hj\u00e6lp af routing og kobberst\u00f8bning. Fordelen ved et negativt plan er, at man som standard starter med et stort udst\u00f8bt kobberomr\u00e5de. Derefter kan man tilf\u00f8je vias eller \u00e6ndre h\u00e6ldest\u00f8rrelser uden at h\u00e6lde hele laget igen. Det sparer tid p\u00e5 genberegning af kobberst\u00f8bninger. N\u00e5r indre lag bruges som str\u00f8m- og jordplan (ogs\u00e5 kaldet jordplan eller returplan), er lagene for det meste store kobberudst\u00f8bninger. Fordelen ved at bruge negative planer er tydelig her.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Forst\u00e5else af PCB-stackup<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Efterh\u00e5nden som h\u00f8jhastighedskredsl\u00f8b bliver mere almindelige, vokser PCB-kompleksiteten. For at undg\u00e5 elektrisk interferens skal signal- og str\u00f8mlag adskilles. Det f\u00f8rer til PCB-design i flere lag. F\u00f8r et flerlags printkort designes, skal designeren f\u00f8rst beslutte kortstrukturen baseret p\u00e5 kredsl\u00f8bsst\u00f8rrelse, kortdimensioner og krav til elektromagnetisk kompatibilitet (EMC). Med andre ord skal man beslutte, om man vil bruge et 4-lags, 6-lags eller flere lags printkort. Dette er den grundl\u00e6ggende id\u00e9 bag design af flerlagskort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r man har besluttet antallet af lag, er n\u00e6ste skridt at placere de indre str\u00f8m- og jordlag og at beslutte, hvordan de forskellige signaltyper skal fordeles p\u00e5 disse lag. Det valg er valget af stackup. Stackup-strukturen er en vigtig faktor, der p\u00e5virker PCB'ets EMC-ydelse. Et godt stackup-design kan i h\u00f8j grad reducere elektromagnetisk interferens (EMI) og krydstale.<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Flere lag er ikke altid bedre, og f\u00e6rre lag er ikke altid bedre. At v\u00e6lge en flerlagsstackup kr\u00e6ver en afvejning af mange faktorer. Fra et routing-synspunkt g\u00f8r flere lag routing nemmere. Men produktionsomkostningerne og sv\u00e6rhedsgraden stiger ogs\u00e5. For producenter<\/a>, Det er vigtigt at v\u00e6re opm\u00e6rksom p\u00e5, om opbygningen er symmetrisk under fremstillingen. S\u00e5 antallet af lag skal afbalancere alle behov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erfarne designere foretager normalt en forudg\u00e5ende placering af komponenter. Derefter analyserer de routing-flaskehalse. De t\u00e6ller s\u00e6rlige behov for routing, f.eks. differentielle par og f\u00f8lsomme net. Ud fra det beslutter de, hvor mange signallag der er brug for. Derefter beslutter de antallet af indre str\u00f8m-\/jordlag baseret p\u00e5 str\u00f8mtyper, isoleringsbehov og interferensundertrykkelse. Herefter er det samlede antal kortlag stort set fastlagt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. Almindelige PCB-stackups<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r antallet af lag er fastlagt, er det n\u00e6ste job at arrangere r\u00e6kkef\u00f8lgen af disse lag. Figur 8-35 og 8-36 viser almindelige opstillinger for 4-lags og 6-lags printkort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"Figure
Figur 8-35 Almindelig opbygning af 4-lags kort<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
\"Figure
Figur 8-36 Almindelig opbygning af 6-lags kort<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

6. Stackup-analyse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hvordan stabler man? Hvilken stackup er bedst? F\u00f8lg disse grundl\u00e6ggende regler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lav komponentsiden og loddesiden til fulde jordplaner, n\u00e5r det er muligt (dette giver afsk\u00e6rmning).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Undg\u00e5 s\u00e5 vidt muligt parallelle routinglag ved siden af hinanden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e6g alle signallag ved siden af et jordplan, n\u00e5r det er muligt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e6g kritiske signaler ved siden af et jordlag, og undg\u00e5 at krydse over splittede omr\u00e5der.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anvend disse regler p\u00e5 de almindelige stackup-eksempler, der er vist i figur 8-35 og 8-36. Analysen er som f\u00f8lger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1) Tabel 8-1 sammenligner fordele og ulemper ved tre almindelige 4-lags opbygningsplaner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ordning<\/th>Skematisk diagram (ASCII-kunst)<\/th>Fordele<\/th>Ulemper<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Skema 1<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 PWR01 (Power) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN02 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN03 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND04 (Ground) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>Dette skema er hovedsageligt designet til at opn\u00e5 en sk\u00e6rmeffekt i et enkelt lag, hvor effektplanet og jordplanet er placeret p\u00e5 henholdsvis det \u00f8verste og det nederste lag.<\/td>(1) Str\u00f8m- og jordplanerne er for langt fra hinanden, hvilket f\u00f8rer til for stor impedans i str\u00f8mplanet;(2) Str\u00f8m- og jordplanerne er meget ufuldst\u00e6ndige p\u00e5 grund af p\u00e5virkning fra komponentpuder og andre faktorer;(3) Det ufuldst\u00e6ndige referenceplan for\u00e5rsager diskontinuerlige signalspor, hvilket g\u00f8r det vanskeligt at opn\u00e5 den forventede afsk\u00e6rmningseffekt.<\/td><\/tr>
Skema 2<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND02 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR03 (Str\u00f8m) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN04 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>Et jordplan er placeret under komponentsiden, hvilket g\u00f8r den velegnet til scenarier, hvor hovedkomponenter er placeret p\u00e5 det \u00f8verste lag, eller hvor n\u00f8glesignaler er f\u00f8rt p\u00e5 det \u00f8verste lag.<\/td>\/<\/td><\/tr>
Skema 3<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR02 (Str\u00f8m) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND03 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN04 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>I lighed med skema 2 er det velegnet til scenarier, hvor hovedkomponenter er placeret i det nederste lag, eller hvor n\u00f8glesignaler er f\u00f8rt gennem det nederste lag.<\/td>\/<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

(2) Tabel 8-2 sammenligner fordele og ulemper ved fire almindelige 6-lags opbygningsplaner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ordning<\/th>Skematisk diagram (ASCII-kunst)<\/th>Fordele<\/th>Ulemper<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Skema 1<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND02 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN03 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN04 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR05 (Power) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN06 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>Der er 4 signallag og to interne str\u00f8m-\/jordlag, hvilket giver flere signallag, der letter routing mellem komponenter.<\/td>(1) Effektplanet og jordplanet er for langt fra hinanden, hvilket resulterer i utilstr\u00e6kkelig kobling;(2) Signallagene SIN03 og SIN04 er hovedsageligt dirigeret p\u00e5 overfladelag, hvilket f\u00f8rer til d\u00e5rlig signalisolering og krydstale, hvilket kr\u00e6ver forskudt dirigering.<\/td><\/tr>
Skema 2<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN02 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND03 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR04 (Power) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN05 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN06 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>Effektplanet og jordplanet er fuldt koblet.<\/td>Tilst\u00f8dende lag af overfladesignallag er ogs\u00e5 signallag, hvilket resulterer i d\u00e5rlig signalisolering og krydstale.<\/td><\/tr>
Skema 3<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND02 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN03 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND04 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR05 (Str\u00f8m) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN06 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>(1) Str\u00f8m- og jordplanet er fuldt koblet;(2) Hvert signallag st\u00f8der direkte op til det interne str\u00f8m-\/jordplan, hvilket giver effektiv isolering fra andre signallag og reducerer krydstale;(3) Signallaget SIN03 st\u00f8der op til to interne planer (GND02 og PWR05), som effektivt kan afsk\u00e6rme ekstern interferens p\u00e5 SIN03 og krydstale fra SIN03 til andre lag.<\/td>\/<\/td><\/tr>
Skema 4<\/strong><\/td>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502 SIN01 (Signal) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND02 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR03 (Str\u00f8m) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 GND04 (Jord) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 PWR05 (Str\u00f8m) \u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u2502 SIN06 (Signal) \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/code><\/td>(1) Str\u00f8m- og jordplanet er fuldt koblet;(2) Hvert signallag st\u00f8der direkte op til det interne str\u00f8m-\/jordplan, hvilket giver effektiv isolering fra andre signallag og reducerer krydstale.<\/td>\/<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r man sammenligner skema 1 og 4, er skema 3 og 4 klart bedre end de to f\u00f8rste skemaer, n\u00e5r signalydelsen har h\u00f8jeste prioritet. Men i \u00e6gte produktdesign er omkostningerne et stort problem. Med h\u00f8j routingt\u00e6thed v\u00e6lger designere ofte skema 1 til stackup for at spare omkostninger. Ved routing p\u00e5 skema 1 skal man v\u00e6re s\u00e6rlig opm\u00e6rksom p\u00e5 krydsninger mellem to tilst\u00f8dende signallag og fors\u00f8ge at reducere krydstale s\u00e5 meget som muligt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(3) For almindelige 8-lags kort er de anbefalede stablingsmuligheder vist i figur 8-37. Foretr\u00e6kker mulighed 1 eller mulighed 2. Mulighed 3 er brugbar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figure
Figur 8-37 Anbefalede opstablingsskemaer for almindelige 8-lags kort<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

7. Tilf\u00f8jelse og redigering af lag<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e5r du har bekr\u00e6ftet opstillingsplanen, hvordan tilf\u00f8jer du s\u00e5 lag i Altium Designer? Her f\u00f8lger et simpelt eksempel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f8r menukommandoen \u201cDesign \u2192 Layer Stack Manager\u201d, eller tryk p\u00e5 genvejstasten \u201cDK\u201d for at \u00e5bne Layer Stack Manager. Indstil de relaterede parametre som vist i Figur 8-38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00f8jreklik og v\u00e6lg \u201cInds\u00e6t lag over\u201d eller \u201cInds\u00e6t lag under\u201d for at tilf\u00f8je et lag. Du kan tilf\u00f8je et positivt eller et negativt plan. Brug \u201cFlyt lag op\u201d eller \u201cFlyt lag ned\u201d til at justere r\u00e6kkef\u00f8lgen af de tilf\u00f8jede lag.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobbeltklik p\u00e5 lagets navn for at omd\u00f8be det. Du kan navngive lagene TOP, GND02, SIN03, SIN04, PWR05, BOTTOM osv. Altium Designer 19 underst\u00f8tter denne \u201cbogstav + lagnummer\u201d-navngivning. Det g\u00f8r det lettere at l\u00e6se og genkende.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indstil plade- og lagtykkelse i henhold til opbygningen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For at opfylde designets 20H-krav kan du indstille det negative plans keepout-bel\u00f8b (indre forskydning). [Bem\u00e6rk: Den oprindelige tekst bruger \u201c20H\u201d. Overs\u00e6tteren beholder dette udtryk som skrevet].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klik p\u00e5 \u201cOK\u201d for at afslutte stackup-indstillingerne. Et eksempel p\u00e5 en 4-lags kortstackup-effekt er vist i Figur 8-39.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Figure
Figur 8-39 Resultat af opstabling af 4-lags kort<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

8. Anbefaling<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Det foresl\u00e5s at behandle signallag som positive planer og at behandle str\u00f8m- og jordlag som negative planer. Denne tilgang kan i h\u00f8j grad reducere filens datast\u00f8rrelse og fremskynde designarbejdet.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Definition and When to Add Layers For high-speed multilayer boards, a basic two-layer design often cannot meet the needs 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