{"id":1907,"date":"2025-08-25T02:06:36","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T02:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=1907"},"modified":"2025-11-06T03:12:02","modified_gmt":"2025-11-06T03:12:02","slug":"flex-rigid-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-manufacturer\/flex-rigid-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"Rigid-Flex PCB: Vorteile und praktische Tipps"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1907\" class=\"elementor elementor-1907\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84426c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a84426c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0310da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0310da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"195\" data-end=\"292\">Mit der Entstehung und Entwicklung von FPC und PCB ist ein neues Produkt namens Starrflex-Platte entstanden.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"195\" data-end=\"292\">Was sind starrflexible Leiterplatten\uff1f?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"294\" data-end=\"1167\">Starr-Flex-Platten kombinieren <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-manufacturer\/flexible-pcb\/\">flexible Schaltungssubstrate<\/a> und starre Schaltungssubstrate in einer laminierten Struktur. Starrflexible Leiterplatten \u00fcberschreiten die Grenzen der traditionellen starren Leiterplatten. Sie verwenden auch flexible Schaltungen, die durch die Strukturierung von hochduktilem, galvanisch abgeschiedenem oder walzgegl\u00fchtem Kupfer auf flexiblen Isolierfolien hergestellt werden. Starrflexible Designs weisen einige klare Merkmale auf: hohe Dichte, feine Leiterbahnen, kleine Durchkontaktierungen, geringe Gr\u00f6\u00dfe, geringes Gewicht und hohe Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit. Ihre Leistung bleibt auch bei Vibrationen, St\u00f6\u00dfen und Feuchtigkeit stabil. Sie k\u00f6nnen gebogen werden und erm\u00f6glichen eine dreidimensionale Montage. Sie nutzen den Platz in einer Baugruppe effektiver. Aus diesen Gr\u00fcnden werden sie h\u00e4ufig in tragbaren digitalen Produkten wie Mobiltelefonen, Digitalkameras und Camcordern eingesetzt. Starrflexible Leiterplatten werden verst\u00e4rkt dort eingesetzt, wo die Geh\u00e4usegr\u00f6\u00dfe reduziert werden muss, insbesondere in der Unterhaltungselektronik.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2671\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2671\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2671 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Flex-rigid-PCB-figure.webp\" alt=\"Rigid-flex boards\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Flex-rigid-PCB-figure.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Flex-rigid-PCB-figure-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2671\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Starrflexible Platten<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1640\">Die grundlegenden Design-Ideen und Herstellungsverfahren f\u00fcr mehrlagige starr-flexible Leiterplatten stammten zun\u00e4chst aus der Luft- und Raumfahrttechnik. Luft- und Raumfahrtsysteme ben\u00f6tigen eine zuverl\u00e4ssige Verdrahtung auf sehr begrenztem Raum. Bei einigen komplexen Produkten wurden bei starrflexiblen Leiterplatten sogar mehr als 30 Leiterschichten verwendet. Andererseits waren in der Unterhaltungselektronik, z. B. bei Telefonen und Digitalkameras, stets eine hohe Verdrahtungsdichte und niedrige Kosten erforderlich. Dieser Bedarf hat neue Designideen und Fertigungsmethoden hervorgebracht.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1936\">Eine mehrlagige starr-flexible Leiterplatte ist im Grunde eine Mischung aus starren und flexiblen Leiterplatten. Damit die Leiterplattenhersteller diese gut miteinander verbinden k\u00f6nnen, m\u00fcssen sie \u00fcber gute Kenntnisse sowohl der starren als auch der flexiblen Leiterplattenverfahren verf\u00fcgen. Bevor Sie also diese Art von Leiterplatte entwerfen, m\u00fcssen Sie die F\u00e4higkeiten und Grenzen des Herstellers genau kennen.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1938\" data-end=\"1971\">Nachteile von starrflexiblen Platten<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1973\" data-end=\"2489\">Wenn Sie nur vergleichen \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-manufacturer\/flexible-pcb\/\">Flexibles Brett<\/a> + starre Platte + Verbinder\u201d mit einer einzigen starrflexiblen Platte ist der gr\u00f6\u00dfte Nachteil der starrflexiblen Platten die Kosten. Starr-Flex-Platten kosten oft mehr. In einigen F\u00e4llen kann die Starr-Flex-Option fast doppelt so teuer sein wie die getrennten Flex- und Starr-Platinen. Wenn Sie jedoch die Kosten f\u00fcr die Steckverbinder oder die HotBar-L\u00f6tung aus dem Vergleich herausnehmen, kann sich der Preis ann\u00e4hern. Um das tats\u00e4chliche Kostenbild zu sehen, m\u00fcssen Sie eine vollst\u00e4ndige Kostenanalyse durchf\u00fchren, bei der Teile, Montageschritte und spezielle Prozesse ber\u00fccksichtigt werden.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2491\" data-end=\"2775\">Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die Montage. F\u00fcr die SMT-Best\u00fcckung und das Reflow-Verfahren von Bauteilen auf starr-flexiblen Leiterplatten sind unter Umst\u00e4nden Tr\u00e4ger oder Vorrichtungen zur Unterst\u00fctzung der flexiblen Bereiche erforderlich. Die Verwendung von Tr\u00e4gern erh\u00f6ht die Kosten f\u00fcr die SMT-Best\u00fcckung. Tr\u00e4ger helfen dabei, die flexiblen Bereiche flach zu halten und w\u00e4hrend der Best\u00fcckung und dem Reflow zu st\u00fctzen.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2777\" data-end=\"2811\">Vorteile der starrflexiblen Platten<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2813\" data-end=\"2901\">Abgesehen von den Kosten haben starrflexible Platten viele Vorteile. Hier sind einige der wichtigsten Vorteile:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"2903\" data-end=\"4339\">\n<li data-start=\"2903\" data-end=\"3320\">\n<p data-start=\"2906\" data-end=\"3320\">Spart Platz auf der Platine und macht Steckverbinder oder HotBar-Prozesse \u00fcberfl\u00fcssig<br data-start=\"2977\" data-end=\"2980\">Da die flexiblen und starren Teile aus einem St\u00fcck bestehen, k\u00f6nnen Sie einen Anschluss oder eine HotBar-Verbindung entfernen. Bei Konstruktionen mit hoher Packungsdichte ist die Einsparung des Platzes f\u00fcr einen Steckverbinder sehr wertvoll. Das Entfernen von Steckverbindern senkt auch die Kosten f\u00fcr Teile und die HotBar-Verarbeitung. Au\u00dferdem kann der Abstand zwischen zwei Platinen viel kleiner sein, wenn Sie keinen Steckverbinder ben\u00f6tigen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3322\" data-end=\"4008\">\n<p data-start=\"3325\" data-end=\"4008\">K\u00fcrzere Signalwege, h\u00f6here Geschwindigkeit und verbesserte Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit<br data-start=\"3385\" data-end=\"3388\">Bei separaten starren Platinen, die durch Steckverbinder verbunden sind, sieht ein Signalpfad wie folgt aus: Platine \u2192 Steckverbinder \u2192 Flex \u2192 Steckverbinder \u2192 Platine. Bei einer starr-flexiblen Platine wird daraus: Platine \u2192 Flex \u2192 Platine. Der Weg ist k\u00fcrzer. Die Signale durchqueren weniger verschiedene Materialien, so dass sie weniger Energie verlieren. Bei starren Standardplatinen sind die Leiterbahnen aus Kupfer. Steckverbinder haben vergoldete Kontakte. Gel\u00f6tete Stifte sind normalerweise aus Zinn oder einer Zinnlegierung. Signal\u00e4nderungen an jeder Materialschnittstelle verursachen einen gewissen Verlust. Wenn Sie starr-flexible Leiterplatten verwenden, reduzieren Sie die Anzahl der Schnittstellen. Das kommt der Signalintegrit\u00e4t zugute. Bei Produkten, die pr\u00e4zise Signale ben\u00f6tigen, verbessern starrflexible Leiterplatten die Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4010\" data-end=\"4339\">\n<p data-start=\"4013\" data-end=\"4339\">Vereinfachen Sie die Produktmontage und sparen Sie Montagezeit<br data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4064\">Die Verwendung von Rigid-Flex-Platten kann die <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\">SMT<\/a> und Endmontagezeit. Sie platzieren weniger Steckverbinder. Au\u00dferdem entf\u00e4llt der Montageschritt des Einsteckens eines Kabels in einen Steckverbinder oder der HotBar-L\u00f6tschritt. Weniger Teile bedeuten eine k\u00fcrzere St\u00fcckliste. Das reduziert den Aufwand f\u00fcr die Lagerhaltung und das Teilemanagement.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4409\">Wie sich Produktion und Montage von Flex- und Starrflex-Platten unterscheiden<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4749\">Der SMT-Hauptprozess ist f\u00fcr alle Leiterplattentypen \u00e4hnlich. Flexible Schaltungen, starr-flexible Leiterplatten und starre Leiterplatten durchlaufen alle die Bauteilbest\u00fcckung und das Reflow-L\u00f6ten unter Verwendung von L\u00f6tpaste. Flexible Leiterplatten und starr-flexible Leiterplatten haben jedoch besondere Anforderungen. Wenn diese besonderen Anforderungen bei der Produktion nicht sorgf\u00e4ltig beachtet werden, kann es zu gro\u00dfen Problemen kommen.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4751\" data-end=\"4779\">1. L\u00f6tpastendruck<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4781\" data-end=\"5426\">Wie bei starren Leiterplatten verwenden Sie eine Schablone und einen Lotpastendrucker, um Lotpaste auf flexible und starr-flexible Leiterplatten aufzutragen. Viele SMT-Anwender machen sich Sorgen \u00fcber die Gr\u00f6\u00dfenkontrolle und die Zerbrechlichkeit von flexiblen Leiterplatten. Im Gegensatz zu starren Leiterplatten sind die Oberfl\u00e4chen von flexiblen Leiterplatten nicht eben. Sie ben\u00f6tigen also Vorrichtungen und Ausrichtungsl\u00f6cher, um sie an ihrem Platz zu halten. Au\u00dferdem ver\u00e4ndern flexible Schaltungsmaterialien ihre Gr\u00f6\u00dfe je nach Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit. Unter bestimmten Bedingungen k\u00f6nnen sie sich um etwa 0,001 Zoll pro Zoll dehnen oder falten. Diese Dehnungen und Falten verursachen Verschiebungen in der Position der Leiterplatte in X- und Y-Richtung. Aus diesem Grund sind f\u00fcr die flexible Best\u00fcckung oft kleinere Tr\u00e4ger oder spezielle Werkzeuge erforderlich als f\u00fcr die SMT-Best\u00fcckung mit starren Leiterplatten.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5458\">2. SMT-Best\u00fcckung<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5460\" data-end=\"5842\">Heutzutage werden die Bauteile immer kleiner. Kleine Teile k\u00f6nnen beim Reflow-Prozess Probleme verursachen, wenn die Leiterplattenoberfl\u00e4che nicht eben ist. Bei kleinen flexiblen Schaltungen sind Ma\u00df\u00e4nderungen weniger problematisch, aber Sie ben\u00f6tigen m\u00f6glicherweise trotzdem kleinere SMT-Tr\u00e4ger oder zus\u00e4tzliche Passermarken. Wenn ein Tr\u00e4ger nicht eben ist, kommt es zu Platzierungsverschiebungen. Eine gute SMT-Halterung hilft, die Best\u00fcckungsfl\u00e4che flach und stabil zu halten.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5844\" data-end=\"5867\">3. Reflow-L\u00f6ten<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5869\" data-end=\"6249\">Vor dem Reflow m\u00fcssen flexible Schaltungen getrocknet werden. Dies ist ein wesentlicher Unterschied zwischen der Montage von flexiblen und starren Leiterplatten. Flexible Materialien absorbieren Feuchtigkeit wie ein Schwamm. Sie k\u00f6nnen bis zu 3% ihres Gewichts an Feuchtigkeit aufnehmen. Wenn sich eine flexible Leiterplatte mit Feuchtigkeit vollgesogen hat, kann sie nicht mehr reflowt werden, ohne vorher zu trocknen. Auch starre Leiterplatten haben dieses Problem, aber starre Leiterplatten vertragen etwas mehr Feuchtigkeit.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6251\" data-end=\"6613\">Flexible Schaltungen m\u00fcssen kurz bei etwa 225\u00b0F bis 250\u00b0F (ca. 107\u00b0C bis 121\u00b0C) vorgebacken werden, idealerweise innerhalb einer Stunde. Wenn Sie die flexiblen Schaltungen nicht rechtzeitig trocknen, m\u00fcssen Sie die Leiterplatten bis zum Ausheizen in einer trockenen Box oder in einem Stickstofflager aufbewahren. Eine ordnungsgem\u00e4\u00dfe Trocknung verhindert Sch\u00e4den, die durch Dampfbildung w\u00e4hrend des Reflows entstehen, wie z. B. Delaminierung oder Blasenbildung.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6615\" data-end=\"6651\">Anwendungen von starrflexiblen Platten<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6653\" data-end=\"7041\">Starrflexible Leiterplatten kombinieren die Haltbarkeit starrer Leiterplatten mit der Anpassungsf\u00e4higkeit flexibler Leiterplatten. Von allen Leiterplattentypen sind starr-flexible Leiterplatten die robustesten f\u00fcr raue Umgebungen. Aufgrund dieser Widerstandsf\u00e4higkeit werden starrflexible Leiterplatten gerne f\u00fcr industrielle Steuerungen, medizinische Ger\u00e4te und milit\u00e4rische Ausr\u00fcstung verwendet. Auch die Hersteller auf dem Festland erh\u00f6hen den Anteil der starrflexiblen Leiterplatten an ihrer Gesamtproduktion.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2673\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2673\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2673 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rig-Flex-PCB-are-applied-in-industrial-control.webp\" alt=\"Rigid-flex boards are applied in industrial control\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rig-Flex-PCB-are-applied-in-industrial-control.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rig-Flex-PCB-are-applied-in-industrial-control-300x225.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2673\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Starrflexible Platten werden in der industriellen Steuerung eingesetzt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"7043\" data-end=\"7077\">Typische Anwendungsbereiche sind:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"7079\" data-end=\"8680\">\n<li data-start=\"7079\" data-end=\"7434\">\n<p data-start=\"7082\" data-end=\"7434\">Industrielle Nutzung - Dazu geh\u00f6ren industrielle Maschinen, milit\u00e4rische Ausr\u00fcstung und <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">medizinische Ger\u00e4te<\/a>. Diese Teile m\u00fcssen pr\u00e4zise, sicher und langlebig sein. Starrflexible Leiterplatten f\u00fcr diese Bereiche m\u00fcssen hohe Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit, hohe Pr\u00e4zision, geringen Impedanzverlust, vollst\u00e4ndige Signalqualit\u00e4t und lange Lebensdauer bieten. Doch der Prozess ist komplex, die Leistung ist gering und die St\u00fcckkosten sind hoch.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7436\" data-end=\"7620\">\n<p data-start=\"7439\" data-end=\"7620\">Mobiltelefone - In Mobiltelefonen werden starrflexible Leiterplatten in den Scharnierbereichen von Klapptelefonen, Kameramodulen, Tastaturen und RF-Modulen eingesetzt. Sie k\u00f6nnen wiederholt gebogen und auf engem Raum montiert werden.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7622\" data-end=\"8220\">\n<p data-start=\"7625\" data-end=\"8220\">Unterhaltungselektronik - Digitale Standbildkameras (DSC) und digitale Videoprodukte (DV) sind typische Konsumg\u00fcter, f\u00fcr die Starrflex verwendet wird. Wir k\u00f6nnen Rigid-Flex aus zwei Blickwinkeln betrachten: Leistung und Struktur. Was die Leistung betrifft, so kann Starrflex verschiedene starre Leiterplatten und Module dreidimensional miteinander verbinden. So wird bei gleicher Leitungsdichte die nutzbare Schaltungsfl\u00e4che vergr\u00f6\u00dfert. Das erh\u00f6ht die Schaltungskapazit\u00e4t und reduziert Signalwegbegrenzungen und Montagefehler. Von der Struktur her sind Starrflex-Platten leicht und d\u00fcnn und erm\u00f6glichen eine flexible Verlegung. Sie tragen dazu bei, die Gr\u00f6\u00dfe zu verringern und das Gewicht zu reduzieren.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8222\" data-end=\"8680\">\n<p data-start=\"8225\" data-end=\"8680\">Kraftfahrzeuge - In Kraftfahrzeugen werden starrflexible Leiterplatten f\u00fcr Schl\u00fcsselschalter am Lenkrad, Verbindungen zwischen Bildschirmen und Steuerplatinen im Fahrzeug, T\u00fcrsteuerungstasten, Audiosteuerungen, Parkradarkamerasysteme, zahlreiche Sensoren (Luftqualit\u00e4t, Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit, Gaserkennung und -steuerung), Fahrzeugkommunikationssysteme, Satellitennavigation, Verbindungen f\u00fcr R\u00fccksitzsteuerungen, Steuerplatinen f\u00fcr die Vordersitze und sogar externe Erkennungssysteme verwendet.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"8682\" data-end=\"8727\">Materialien f\u00fcr mehrlagige starr-flexible Platten<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"8729\" data-end=\"8899\">Nachfolgend finden Sie eine einfache Tabelle mit den g\u00e4ngigen Materialien, die f\u00fcr die Herstellung von mehrlagigen Starrflex-Platten verwendet werden. Ich f\u00fchre das ben\u00f6tigte Material, die traditionelle Wahl und die leistungsst\u00e4rkeren Varianten auf.<\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<thead data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8967\">\n<tr data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8967\">\n<th data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8917\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Ben\u00f6tigtes Material<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8917\" data-end=\"8940\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Traditionelles Material<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8940\" data-end=\"8967\" data-col-size=\"md\">Hochwertiges Material<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<tr data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9057\">\n<td data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9008\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Flexibles Substrat (FCCL)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9008\" data-end=\"9037\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Herk\u00f6mmliche Polyimidfolie<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9037\" data-end=\"9057\" data-col-size=\"md\">Neue Polyimidfolie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9058\" data-end=\"9206\">\n<td data-start=\"9058\" data-end=\"9087\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Doppelseitiges Kupferlaminat<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9087\" data-end=\"9146\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Polyimidkern mit Acrylkleber (oder Epoxidkleber)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9146\" data-end=\"9206\" data-col-size=\"md\">Klebstofffreies Polyimid-Laminat (gegossener oder laminierter Typ)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9333\">\n<td data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9216\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Deckblatt<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9216\" data-end=\"9278\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Herk\u00f6mmliches Polyimid, beschichtet mit Acryl- oder Epoxidkleber<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9278\" data-end=\"9333\" data-col-size=\"md\">Neues Polyimid, beschichtet mit Polyimid-Schmelzklebstoff<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9334\" data-end=\"9538\">\n<td data-start=\"9334\" data-end=\"9363\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Klebefolie (Klebefolie)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9363\" data-end=\"9470\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Acrylharz-Klebefolie, Epoxid-Klebefolie, beidseitig mit Acrylkleber beschichtete Polyimid-Folie<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9470\" data-end=\"9538\" data-col-size=\"md\">Neue Polyimid-Folie, beidseitig mit Hotmelt-Polyimid-Harz beschichtet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9539\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<td data-start=\"9539\" data-end=\"9561\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Starres Substrat (CCL)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9561\" data-end=\"9581\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Glas-Epoxid (fr4)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9581\" data-end=\"9632\" data-col-size=\"md\">Glas-BT-Harzplatte, Glas-Polyimid-Harzplatte<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-start=\"9634\" data-end=\"9841\">In der obigen Tabelle sind mehrere Materialien aufgef\u00fchrt, die f\u00fcr die Herstellung von starrflexiblen Platten erforderlich sind. Es ist wichtig anzumerken, dass sich die Leistung dieser Materialien mit dem technologischen Fortschritt erheblich verbessert hat.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2672\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2672\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2672 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/polyimide-film.webp\" alt=\"polyimide film\" width=\"700\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/polyimide-film.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/polyimide-film-300x142.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2672\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Polyimid-Folie<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-start=\"9843\" data-end=\"10300\">Die Materialien m\u00fcssen eine hohe Hitzebest\u00e4ndigkeit und eine gute Dimensionsstabilit\u00e4t beim Erhitzen aufweisen. F\u00fcr Bereiche mit hoher Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit wie Milit\u00e4r und Luft- und Raumfahrt empfehlen wir die Verwendung dickerer Polyimidfolien (mehr als 50 \u03bcm). In diesen Bereichen muss das Basismaterial eine hohe Stabilit\u00e4t und Haltbarkeit bei der Verarbeitung aufweisen. Im Gegensatz dazu geht der Trend in der Unterhaltungselektronik h\u00e4ufig zu d\u00fcnneren und leichteren Materialien. Hier verwenden die Hersteller in der Regel d\u00fcnnere Dielektrika (weniger als 50 \u03bcm).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10302\" data-end=\"10595\">Unter den selbstklebenden kupferkaschierten Laminaten, Abdeckfolien und Klebefilmen haben Acrylatklebstoffe eine bessere Klebekraft, aber eine etwas geringere W\u00e4rmebest\u00e4ndigkeit und eine h\u00f6here Schrumpfung. Epoxidklebstoffe bieten eine bessere W\u00e4rmebest\u00e4ndigkeit, brauchen aber l\u00e4nger zum Aush\u00e4rten und haben manchmal eine etwas schw\u00e4chere Klebekraft.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10597\" data-end=\"10966\">Die Verwendung von gegossenen oder drucklaminierten, leimfreien kupferkaschierten Laminaten bietet in der Regel eine h\u00f6here W\u00e4rmebest\u00e4ndigkeit und einen niedrigeren W\u00e4rmeausdehnungskoeffizienten (WAK). Diese Materialien tragen auch zur Verringerung der endg\u00fcltigen Plattendicke bei und k\u00f6nnen das Verschmieren von Bohrharz erheblich reduzieren. Das leimfreie Material muss jedoch bei Temperaturen \u00fcber 300 \u00b0C verarbeitet werden und erfordert eine spezielle Ausr\u00fcstung und Prozesskontrolle.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"10968\" data-end=\"10971\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"12ea7e37-a0d3-42bb-b2b9-af7f7cf85820\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-t-mini\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\">\n<h2 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"59\">Wann sollten Sie eine starrflexible Leiterplatte f\u00fcr das PCB-Prototyping verwenden?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"61\" data-end=\"330\">Eine starr-flexible Leiterplatte wird hergestellt, indem eine flexible Schaltung und eine starre Leiterplatte miteinander verbunden und verarbeitet werden. Die fertige Leiterplatte weist sowohl Merkmale von FPC als auch von PCB auf. Starrflexible Leiterplatten kosten mehr, sind aber sehr vielseitig. Sie k\u00f6nnen f\u00fcr viele Branchen und viele Verwendungszwecke angepasst werden.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"332\" data-end=\"374\">Wann sollte man sich beim Prototyping f\u00fcr Starr-Flex entscheiden?<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"376\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\n<li data-start=\"376\" data-end=\"579\">\n<p data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"579\">Umgebungen mit hohen Schock- und Vibrationsbelastungen.<br data-start=\"422\" data-end=\"425\">Starrflexible Platten widerstehen St\u00f6\u00dfen und Vibrationen. Verwenden Sie sie, wenn das Produkt unter starker Belastung arbeiten und stabil bleiben muss. Andernfalls kann das Ger\u00e4t ausfallen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"798\">\n<p data-start=\"584\" data-end=\"798\">Hochpr\u00e4zise Anwendungen, bei denen Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit wichtiger ist als Kosten.<br data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"656\">Wenn ein Ausfall eines Kabels oder eines Steckers gef\u00e4hrlich sein k\u00f6nnte, sollten Sie sich f\u00fcr eine robustere Starrflex-Platte entscheiden. Sie reduziert die Anzahl der Anschl\u00fcsse und Schwachstellen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"988\">\n<p data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"988\">Designs mit hoher Packungsdichte.<br data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"827\">Einige Komponenten haben nicht gen\u00fcgend Fl\u00e4che f\u00fcr alle ben\u00f6tigten Anschl\u00fcsse und Kabel. In diesem Fall spart eine starr-flexible Platine Platz und l\u00f6st das Layout-Problem.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\n<p data-start=\"993\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\">Entw\u00fcrfe, f\u00fcr die sonst viele starre Platten ben\u00f6tigt w\u00fcrden.<br data-start=\"1045\" data-end=\"1048\">Wenn das Produkt vier oder mehr miteinander verbundene starre Platten ben\u00f6tigt, ist es oft die beste Wahl, sie durch eine einzige starr-flexible Platte zu ersetzen. Dies kann insgesamt kosteng\u00fcnstiger sein.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"10968\" data-end=\"10971\">\n<h3 data-start=\"10973\" data-end=\"11040\">Hinweise und zus\u00e4tzliche Tipps f\u00fcr Designer und Eink\u00e4ufer&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"11042\" data-end=\"12808\">\n<li data-start=\"11042\" data-end=\"11338\">\n<p data-start=\"11045\" data-end=\"11338\">Sprechen Sie fr\u00fchzeitig mit Ihrem Boardmaker. Sagen Sie ihm, wie viele starre und flexible Lagen Sie planen, wo die Biegebereiche liegen und wie viele Biegezyklen die Leiterplatte \u00fcberstehen muss. Nennen Sie auch die Zielimpedanz und die Anforderungen an die hohe Geschwindigkeit. Der Hersteller kann Ihnen dann sagen, ob das Design machbar ist und welche Grenzen bestehen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11340\" data-end=\"11633\">\n<p data-start=\"11343\" data-end=\"11633\">Halten Sie Biegebereiche frei von starren Teilen und schweren Komponenten. Verwenden Sie klare Biegelinien und halten Sie die Leiterbahnen m\u00f6glichst in der N\u00e4he der neutralen Achse. Leiterbahnen in Biegebereichen sollten breit genug sein und guten Biegeregeln folgen. Vermeiden Sie durchkontaktierte L\u00f6cher in wiederholten Biegebereichen, es sei denn, Sie verwenden spezielle Designs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11635\" data-end=\"11828\">\n<p data-start=\"11638\" data-end=\"11828\">Entwerfen Sie f\u00fcr die Montage. Wenn Sie SMT auf dem flexiblen Bereich erwarten, planen Sie Tr\u00e4ger, Referenzpunkte und Einbrennschritte ein. Markieren Sie Bereiche, in denen Versteifungen erforderlich sind und in denen Sie Klebstoffe zur Unterst\u00fctzung der Komponenten verwenden werden.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11830\" data-end=\"12029\">\n<p data-start=\"11833\" data-end=\"12029\">W\u00e4hlen Sie die Materialien nach Bedarf. Verwenden Sie dickeres Polyimid und st\u00e4rkere Grundmaterialien f\u00fcr milit\u00e4rische oder medizinische Zwecke. Verwenden Sie d\u00fcnne Dielektrika f\u00fcr Telefone und leichte Konsumg\u00fcter, wenn Sie geringes Gewicht und kleine Abmessungen ben\u00f6tigen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12031\" data-end=\"12295\">\n<p data-start=\"12034\" data-end=\"12295\">Kompromisse bei den Kosten. Mit Starrflex k\u00f6nnen Montageteile und Steckverbinder eingespart werden, aber die Platine selbst kann mehr kosten. Pr\u00fcfen Sie die Kosten des gesamten Systems. Oft sinken die Gesamtsystemkosten, wenn Sie Steckverbinder und die damit verbundenen Montageschritte entfernen. Ber\u00fccksichtigen Sie auch die Reparatur- und Testkosten.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12297\" data-end=\"12504\">\n<p data-start=\"12300\" data-end=\"12504\">F\u00fchren Sie Belastungstests durch. Wenn Ihr Produkt Vibrationen, St\u00f6\u00dfen, Hitze oder Feuchtigkeit ausgesetzt ist, sollten Sie die starrflexible Leiterplatte fr\u00fchzeitig testen. Zyklustests, Temperaturschock- und Feuchtigkeitstests k\u00f6nnen Probleme vor der Massenproduktion aufdecken.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12506\" data-end=\"12647\">\n<p data-start=\"12509\" data-end=\"12647\">Planen Sie die Werkzeugbest\u00fcckung. Arbeiten Sie mit dem Leiterplattenhersteller zusammen, um Vorrichtungen, Tr\u00e4ger und Ausheizpl\u00e4ne zu planen. Die richtige Werkzeugausstattung reduziert Defekte und Best\u00fcckungsfehler.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12649\" data-end=\"12808\">\n<p data-start=\"12652\" data-end=\"12808\">Dokumentation. Legen Sie klare mechanische Zeichnungen, Stapelungen, Biegeregeln und Lagenpl\u00e4ne vor. Zeigen Sie, wo die Versteifungen hinkommen und wo die Biegeschw\u00e4nze den starren Bereich verlassen.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-q7nm0np elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"q7nm0np\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\" data-id=\"7882748\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9fc6712\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00e4ufig gestellte Fragen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\" data-id=\"631b990\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Was ist eine Flex-Rigid-Leiterplatte?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1031\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1031\"><p>Eine starr-flexible Leiterplatte kombiniert flexible und starre Leiterplattenschichten in einer Struktur. Sie bietet sowohl biegbare Bereiche als auch feste Abschnitte, die Platz sparen, die Anzahl der Anschl\u00fcsse reduzieren und die Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit verbessern.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Was sind die Vorteile von Flex-Rigid PCBs?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1032\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1032\"><p data-start=\"345\" data-end=\"430\">Die wichtigsten Vorteile sind:<\/p><ul data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"655\"><li data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"488\"><p data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"488\">Platzsparend, da keine Steckverbinder oder Hot Bars erforderlich sind.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"489\" data-end=\"539\"><p data-start=\"491\" data-end=\"539\">K\u00fcrzere Signalwege f\u00fcr geringere Verluste und Verz\u00f6gerungen.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"540\" data-end=\"597\"><p data-start=\"542\" data-end=\"597\">H\u00f6here Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit und Haltbarkeit bei komplexen Konstruktionen.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"598\" data-end=\"655\"><p data-start=\"600\" data-end=\"655\">Vereinfachter Montageprozess, weniger Arbeits- und Zeitaufwand.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Gibt es Nachteile bei Flex-Rigid-Leiterplatten?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1033\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1033\"><p data-start=\"662\" data-end=\"956\">Ja. Im Vergleich zu standardm\u00e4\u00dfigen starren oder flexiblen Leiterplatten kosten sie in der Regel mehr. F\u00fcr die SMT-Best\u00fcckung von flexiblen Fl\u00e4chen sind spezielle Tr\u00e4ger erforderlich. Flexible Materialien sind auch empfindlich gegen\u00fcber Hitze und Feuchtigkeit, was zu Ausdehnung oder Schrumpfung f\u00fchren kann.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1034\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1034\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Wo werden Flex-Rigid-PCBs eingesetzt?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1034\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1034\"><p data-start=\"963\" data-end=\"1041\">Sie werden in vielen Bereichen eingesetzt:<\/p><ul data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1284\"><li data-start=\"1042\" data-end=\"1103\"><p data-start=\"1044\" data-end=\"1103\">Unterhaltungselektronik (Mobiltelefone, Kameras, Wearables).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1104\" data-end=\"1176\"><p data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1176\">Automobilelektronik (Lenkradsteuerung, Anzeigen, Sensoren).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1177\" data-end=\"1222\"><p data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1222\">Industrielle Ausr\u00fcstung und medizinische Ger\u00e4te.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1223\" data-end=\"1284\"><p data-start=\"1225\" data-end=\"1284\">Verteidigungs- und Luftfahrtsysteme, die eine hohe Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit erfordern.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1035\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1035\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Was sollten Designer bei Flex-Rigid PCBs beachten?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1035\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1035\"><p data-start=\"1291\" data-end=\"1385\">Wichtige Tipps sind:<\/p><ol data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1778\"><li data-start=\"1386\" data-end=\"1499\"><p data-start=\"1389\" data-end=\"1499\">Sprechen Sie fr\u00fchzeitig mit dem Leiterplattenhersteller \u00fcber Lagenzahl, Biegebereiche, Impedanz und Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeitsanforderungen.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1500\" data-end=\"1583\"><p data-start=\"1503\" data-end=\"1583\">Vermeiden Sie schwere Bauteile in Biegebereichen, und verlegen Sie Leiterbahnen entlang der neutralen Achse.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1584\" data-end=\"1636\"><p data-start=\"1587\" data-end=\"1636\">Verwenden Sie Haltevorrichtungen f\u00fcr SMT auf flexiblen Fl\u00e4chen.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1637\" data-end=\"1721\"><p data-start=\"1640\" data-end=\"1721\">W\u00e4hlen Sie die Materialien nach den Leistungsanforderungen aus (hohe Zuverl\u00e4ssigkeit gegen\u00fcber den Kosten).<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1722\" data-end=\"1778\"><p data-start=\"1725\" data-end=\"1778\">Ber\u00fccksichtigen Sie die gesamten Systemkosten, nicht nur den Preis der Leiterplatte.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1036\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1036\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-accordion-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Was beeinflusst die Vorlaufzeit und die Kosten f\u00fcr starrflexible Leiterplatten?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1036\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1036\"><p>Die wichtigsten Faktoren sind die Anzahl der Lagen, die Anzahl der \u00dcberg\u00e4nge von starr zu flexibel, spezielle Materialien, die Komplexit\u00e4t der Verkleidung und die erforderlichen Tests. Mehr Lagen, enge Biegeradien und kundenspezifische Versteifungen erh\u00f6hen Kosten und Zeit. F\u00fcr Prototypen und Kleinserien werden oft Werkzeuge oder Vorrichtungen ben\u00f6tigt, was die Vorlaufzeit verl\u00e4ngert. Um die Kosten zu senken, sollten Sie die Merkmale konsolidieren, die Materialien standardisieren und die Kompromisse bei den Vorlaufzeiten fr\u00fchzeitig mit Ihrem Lieferanten besprechen.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the birth and development of FPC and PCB, a new product called rigid-flex board has emerged. What is Rigid-Flex [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"tablet\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"mobile\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":["builder"],"_elementor_template_type":["wp-page"],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"a84426c\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"d67a769\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"0310da0\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p data-start=\\\"195\\\" data-end=\\\"292\\\">With the birth and development of FPC and PCB, a new product called rigid-flex board has emerged.<\\\/p>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"195\\\" data-end=\\\"292\\\">What is Rigid-Flex PCB\\uff1f<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"294\\\" data-end=\\\"1167\\\">Rigid-flex boards combine <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-manufacturer\\\/flexible-pcb\\\/\\\">flexible circuit substrates<\\\/a> and rigid circuit substrates in one laminated structure. Rigid-flex PCBs cross the boundaries of traditional rigid PCBs. They also use flexible circuits that are made by patterning highly ductile, electrodeposited or rolled-annealed copper on flexible insulating films. Rigid-flex designs show some clear traits: high density, fine traces, small vias, small size, light weight, and high reliability. Their performance stays stable under vibration, shock, and humid conditions. They can bend, and they allow three-dimensional mounting. They use space inside an assembly more effectively. For these reasons, they are widely used in portable digital products such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and camcorders. Rigid-flex boards will be used more where package size must be reduced, especially in consumer electronics.<\\\/p>\\n[caption id=\\\"attachment_2671\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-2671 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Flex-rigid-PCB-figure.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Rigid-flex boards\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"525\\\"> Rigid-flex boards[\\\/caption]\\n<p data-start=\\\"1169\\\" data-end=\\\"1640\\\">At first, the basic design ideas and manufacturing processes for multilayer rigid-flex boards came from aerospace equipment. Aerospace systems need reliable wiring inside very limited space. In some complex products, rigid-flex boards have even used more than 30 conductor layers. On the other hand, consumer electronics like phones and digital cameras always needed high density and low cost wiring. That need pushed new design ideas and manufacturing methods to appear.<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"1642\\\" data-end=\\\"1936\\\">A multilayer rigid-flex board is basically a mix of rigid boards and flex boards. But for board makers to join them well, they need good skills in both rigid PCB and flexible PCB processes. So, before designing this type of PCB, you must clearly know the manufacturer\\u2019s capabilities and limits.<\\\/p>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"1938\\\" data-end=\\\"1971\\\">Drawbacks of rigid-flex boards<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"1973\\\" data-end=\\\"2489\\\">If you only compare \\u201c<a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-manufacturer\\\/flexible-pcb\\\/\\\">flex board<\\\/a> + rigid board + connector\\u201d with a single rigid-flex board, the main drawback of rigid-flex boards is cost. Rigid-flex boards often cost more. In some cases, the rigid-flex option may be almost twice the price of separate flex and rigid boards. However, if you remove the connector cost or the HotBar soldering cost from the comparison, the price can become close. To see the real cost picture, you must do a full cost analysis that counts parts, assembly steps, and special processes.<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"2491\\\" data-end=\\\"2775\\\">Another downside is assembly. SMT mounting and reflow of components on rigid-flex boards may require carriers or fixtures to support the flexible areas. Using carriers adds to SMT assembly cost. Carriers help keep the flex portions flat and supported during pick-and-place and reflow.<\\\/p>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"2777\\\" data-end=\\\"2811\\\">Advantages of rigid-flex boards<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"2813\\\" data-end=\\\"2901\\\">Beyond cost, rigid-flex boards have many advantages. Here are some of the main benefits:<\\\/p>\\n<ol data-start=\\\"2903\\\" data-end=\\\"4339\\\">\\n<li data-start=\\\"2903\\\" data-end=\\\"3320\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"2906\\\" data-end=\\\"3320\\\">Save board space and remove the need for connectors or HotBar processes<br data-start=\\\"2977\\\" data-end=\\\"2980\\\">Because the flex and rigid parts are one piece, you can remove a connector or a HotBar joint. For high density designs, losing the space of one connector is very valuable. Removing connectors also lowers parts cost and the cost of HotBar processing. Moreover, the gap between two boards can be much smaller when you do not need a connector.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"3322\\\" data-end=\\\"4008\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"3325\\\" data-end=\\\"4008\\\">Shorter signal paths, higher speed, and improved reliability<br data-start=\\\"3385\\\" data-end=\\\"3388\\\">With separate rigid boards joined by connectors, a signal path looks like: board \\u2192 connector \\u2192 flex \\u2192 connector \\u2192 board. With a rigid-flex board it becomes: board \\u2192 flex \\u2192 board. The path is shorter. Signals cross fewer different materials, so they lose less energy. On standard rigid boards, traces are copper. Connectors have gold plated contacts. Soldered pins are usually tin or tin alloy. Signal changes at each material interface cause some loss. If you use rigid-flex, you reduce the number of interfaces. That helps signal integrity. For products that need precise signals, rigid-flex boards improve reliability.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"4010\\\" data-end=\\\"4339\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"4013\\\" data-end=\\\"4339\\\">Simplify product assembly and save assembly time<br data-start=\\\"4061\\\" data-end=\\\"4064\\\">Using rigid-flex boards can reduce <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-assembly\\\/smt-assembly\\\/\\\">SMT<\\\/a> and final assembly time. You place fewer connectors. You also remove the assembly step of inserting a flex into a connector or the HotBar soldering step. Fewer parts means a shorter BOM. That reduces inventory and parts management work.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"4341\\\" data-end=\\\"4409\\\">How production and assembly differ for flex and rigid-flex boards<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"4411\\\" data-end=\\\"4749\\\">The main SMT process is similar for all board types. Flexible circuits, rigid-flex boards, and rigid boards all go through component placement and reflow soldering that uses solder paste. But flexible boards and rigid-flex boards have special needs. If these extra needs are not met carefully during production, you will get big problems.<\\\/p>\\n<h3 data-start=\\\"4751\\\" data-end=\\\"4779\\\">1. Solder paste printing<\\\/h3>\\n<p data-start=\\\"4781\\\" data-end=\\\"5426\\\">Like rigid PCBs, you use a stencil and a solder paste printer to apply solder paste to flex and rigid-flex boards. Many SMT operators worry about size control and the fragility of flex boards. Unlike rigid boards, flex board surfaces are not flat. So you need fixtures and alignment holes to hold them in place. Also, flexible circuit materials change size with temperature and humidity. They can stretch or wrinkle by about 0.001 inch per inch under some conditions. These stretches and wrinkles cause shifts in the board position in X and Y. For this reason, flex placement often needs smaller carriers or special tooling than rigid board SMT.<\\\/p>\\n<h3 data-start=\\\"5428\\\" data-end=\\\"5458\\\">2. SMT component placement<\\\/h3>\\n<p data-start=\\\"5460\\\" data-end=\\\"5842\\\">Today, components are getting smaller. Small parts can cause problems in reflow if the board surface is not flat. If a flex circuit is small, dimensional changes may be less of a problem, but you may still need smaller SMT carriers or extra fiducial marks. If a carrier is not flat, you will see placement shifts. A good SMT fixture helps keep the placement surface flat and steady.<\\\/p>\\n<h3 data-start=\\\"5844\\\" data-end=\\\"5867\\\">3. Reflow soldering<\\\/h3>\\n<p data-start=\\\"5869\\\" data-end=\\\"6249\\\">Before reflow, flexible circuits must be dried. This is a key difference between flex and rigid board assembly. Flex materials absorb moisture like a sponge. They can gain up to about 3% of their weight from moisture. Once a flex board soaks up moisture, you cannot reflow it without drying first. Rigid boards also have this issue, but rigid boards tolerate some moisture better.<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"6251\\\" data-end=\\\"6613\\\">Flexible circuits require a pre-bake at roughly 225\\u00b0F to 250\\u00b0F (about 107\\u00b0C to 121\\u00b0C) for a short time, ideally finished within one hour. If you do not dry the flex in time, you must store the boards in a dry box or in nitrogen storage until they are baked. Proper drying prevents damage caused by steam formation during reflow, such as delamination or blisters.<\\\/p>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"6615\\\" data-end=\\\"6651\\\">Applications of rigid-flex boards<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"6653\\\" data-end=\\\"7041\\\">Rigid-flex PCBs combine the durability of rigid boards with the adaptability of flexible boards. Among all PCB types, rigid-flex is the most robust for harsh environments. Because of that strength, rigid-flex boards are popular in industrial control, medical devices, and military equipment. Mainland manufacturers are also increasing the share of rigid-flex boards in their total output.<\\\/p>\\n[caption id=\\\"attachment_2673\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-2673 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Rig-Flex-PCB-are-applied-in-industrial-control.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Rigid-flex boards are applied in industrial control\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"525\\\"> Rigid-flex boards are applied in industrial control[\\\/caption]\\n<p data-start=\\\"7043\\\" data-end=\\\"7077\\\">Typical application areas include:<\\\/p>\\n<ol data-start=\\\"7079\\\" data-end=\\\"8680\\\">\\n<li data-start=\\\"7079\\\" data-end=\\\"7434\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"7082\\\" data-end=\\\"7434\\\">Industrial use \\u2014 This includes industrial machines, military equipment, and <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fda.gov\\\/medical-devices\\\">medical devices<\\\/a>. These parts need precision, safety, and durability. Rigid-flex boards for these fields must deliver high reliability, high precision, low impedance loss, complete signal quality, and long life. But the process is complex, output is low, and unit cost is high.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"7436\\\" data-end=\\\"7620\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"7439\\\" data-end=\\\"7620\\\">Mobile phones \\u2014 In phones, rigid-flex boards appear in hinge areas of folding phones, camera modules, keypads, and RF modules. They handle repeated bending and tight assembly space.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"7622\\\" data-end=\\\"8220\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"7625\\\" data-end=\\\"8220\\\">Consumer electronics \\u2014 Digital still cameras (DSC) and digital video (DV) products are typical consumer items that use rigid-flex. We can look at rigid-flex from two angles: performance and structure. From the performance side, rigid-flex can link different rigid boards and modules in three dimensions. So with the same line density you increase the usable circuit area. That raises the circuit carrying capacity and reduces signal path limits and assembly mistakes. From the structure side, rigid-flex boards are light and thin and allow flexible routing. They help shrink size and cut weight.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"8222\\\" data-end=\\\"8680\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"8225\\\" data-end=\\\"8680\\\">Automotive \\u2014 In cars, rigid-flex boards are used for key switches on the steering wheel, connections between in-vehicle screens and control boards, door control keys, car audio controls, parking radar camera systems, many sensors (air quality, temperature and humidity, gas detection and control), vehicle communication systems, satellite navigation, connections for rear seat controllers, front end controller boards, and even external detection systems.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"8682\\\" data-end=\\\"8727\\\">Materials for multilayer rigid-flex boards<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"8729\\\" data-end=\\\"8899\\\">Below is a simple table of common materials used to make multilayer rigid-flex boards. I list the needed material, the traditional choice, and higher performance choices.<\\\/p>\\n<div class=\\\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\\\">\\n<div class=\\\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\">\\n<table class=\\\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\\\" data-start=\\\"8901\\\" data-end=\\\"9632\\\">\\n<thead data-start=\\\"8901\\\" data-end=\\\"8967\\\">\\n<tr data-start=\\\"8901\\\" data-end=\\\"8967\\\">\\n<th data-start=\\\"8901\\\" data-end=\\\"8917\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Needed material<\\\/th>\\n<th data-start=\\\"8917\\\" data-end=\\\"8940\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Traditional material<\\\/th>\\n<th data-start=\\\"8940\\\" data-end=\\\"8967\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">High performance material<\\\/th>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<\\\/thead>\\n<tbody data-start=\\\"8982\\\" data-end=\\\"9632\\\">\\n<tr data-start=\\\"8982\\\" data-end=\\\"9057\\\">\\n<td data-start=\\\"8982\\\" data-end=\\\"9008\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Flexible substrate (FCCL)<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9008\\\" data-end=\\\"9037\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Traditional polyimide film<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9037\\\" data-end=\\\"9057\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">New polyimide film<\\\/td>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<tr data-start=\\\"9058\\\" data-end=\\\"9206\\\">\\n<td data-start=\\\"9058\\\" data-end=\\\"9087\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Double-sided copper laminate<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9087\\\" data-end=\\\"9146\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Polyimide core with acrylic adhesive (or epoxy adhesive)<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9146\\\" data-end=\\\"9206\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">Glue-free polyimide laminate (cast type or laminated type)<\\\/td>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<tr data-start=\\\"9207\\\" data-end=\\\"9333\\\">\\n<td data-start=\\\"9207\\\" data-end=\\\"9216\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Coverlay<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9216\\\" data-end=\\\"9278\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Traditional polyimide coated with acrylic or epoxy adhesive<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9278\\\" data-end=\\\"9333\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">New polyimide coated with hot-melt polyimide adhesive<\\\/td>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<tr data-start=\\\"9334\\\" data-end=\\\"9538\\\">\\n<td data-start=\\\"9334\\\" data-end=\\\"9363\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Adhesive film (bonding film)<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9363\\\" data-end=\\\"9470\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Acrylic resin adhesive film, epoxy adhesive film, polyimide film coated both sides with acrylic adhesive<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9470\\\" data-end=\\\"9538\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">New polyimide film coated both sides with hot-melt polyimide resin<\\\/td>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<tr data-start=\\\"9539\\\" data-end=\\\"9632\\\">\\n<td data-start=\\\"9539\\\" data-end=\\\"9561\\\" data-col-size=\\\"sm\\\">Rigid substrate (CCL)<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9561\\\" data-end=\\\"9581\\\" data-col-size=\\\"lg\\\">Glass-epoxy (fr4)<\\\/td>\\n<td data-start=\\\"9581\\\" data-end=\\\"9632\\\" data-col-size=\\\"md\\\">Glass-BT resin board, glass-polyimide resin board<\\\/td>\\n<\\\/tr>\\n<\\\/tbody>\\n<\\\/table>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<p data-start=\\\"9634\\\" data-end=\\\"9841\\\">The table above lists several materials that are necessary when making rigid-flex boards. It is important to note that with technology progress, the performance of these materials has improved significantly.<\\\/p>\\n[caption id=\\\"attachment_2672\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-2672 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/polyimide-film.webp\\\" alt=\\\"polyimide film\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"331\\\"> polyimide film[\\\/caption]\\n<p data-start=\\\"9843\\\" data-end=\\\"10300\\\">Materials must have high heat resistance and good dimensional stability during heating. For high-reliability fields like military and aerospace, we recommend using thicker polyimide film (greater than 50 \\u03bcm). In these areas, the base material must have strong stability and durability during processing. In contrast, consumer electronics often follow a trend to be thinner and lighter. There, manufacturers usually use thinner dielectrics (less than 50 \\u03bcm).<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"10302\\\" data-end=\\\"10595\\\">Among adhesive copper clad laminates, coverlays, and bonding films, acrylic adhesives have better bond strength but slightly lower heat resistance and higher shrinkage. Epoxy adhesives offer better heat resistance, but they take longer to cure and sometimes have slightly weaker bond strength.<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"10597\\\" data-end=\\\"10966\\\">Using cast or pressure-laminated glue-free copper clad laminate usually gives higher heat resistance and lower coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). These materials also help reduce final board thickness and can significantly reduce drilling resin smear. However, the glue-free material requires processing above 300\\u00b0C and needs special equipment and process control.<\\\/p>\\n<hr data-start=\\\"10968\\\" data-end=\\\"10971\\\">\\n<div class=\\\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\\\">\\n<div class=\\\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\\\" dir=\\\"auto\\\" data-message-author-role=\\\"assistant\\\" data-message-id=\\\"12ea7e37-a0d3-42bb-b2b9-af7f7cf85820\\\" data-message-model-slug=\\\"gpt-5-t-mini\\\">\\n<div class=\\\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\\\">\\n<div class=\\\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\\\">\\n<h2 data-start=\\\"0\\\" data-end=\\\"59\\\">When should you use a rigid-flex board for PCB prototyping?<\\\/h2>\\n<p data-start=\\\"61\\\" data-end=\\\"330\\\">A rigid-flex board is made when a flexible circuit and a rigid board are bonded and processed together. The final board has features of both FPC and PCB. Rigid-flex boards cost more, but they are very versatile. You can customize them for many industries and many uses.<\\\/p>\\n<p data-start=\\\"332\\\" data-end=\\\"374\\\">When to choose rigid-flex for prototyping:<\\\/p>\\n<ol data-start=\\\"376\\\" data-end=\\\"1216\\\" data-is-last-node=\\\"\\\" data-is-only-node=\\\"\\\">\\n<li data-start=\\\"376\\\" data-end=\\\"579\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"379\\\" data-end=\\\"579\\\">High shock and high vibration environments.<br data-start=\\\"422\\\" data-end=\\\"425\\\">Rigid-flex boards resist impact and vibration. Use them when the product must work under heavy stress and stay stable. If you do not, the device may fail.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"581\\\" data-end=\\\"798\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"584\\\" data-end=\\\"798\\\">High-precision applications where reliability matters more than cost.<br data-start=\\\"653\\\" data-end=\\\"656\\\">If a cable or connector failure could be dangerous, pick a more durable rigid-flex board. It reduces the number of connectors and weak points.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"800\\\" data-end=\\\"988\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"803\\\" data-end=\\\"988\\\">High-density designs.<br data-start=\\\"824\\\" data-end=\\\"827\\\">Some components do not have enough surface area for all needed connectors and cables. In that case, a rigid-flex board saves space and solves the layout problem.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"990\\\" data-end=\\\"1216\\\" data-is-last-node=\\\"\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"993\\\" data-end=\\\"1216\\\" data-is-last-node=\\\"\\\">Designs that would otherwise need many rigid boards.<br data-start=\\\"1045\\\" data-end=\\\"1048\\\">If the product needs four or more connected rigid boards, replacing them with a single rigid-flex board is often the best choice. It can be more cost-effective overall.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<\\\/div>\\n<hr data-start=\\\"10968\\\" data-end=\\\"10971\\\">\\n<h3 data-start=\\\"10973\\\" data-end=\\\"11040\\\">Notes and extra tips for designers and buyers&nbsp;<\\\/h3>\\n<ol data-start=\\\"11042\\\" data-end=\\\"12808\\\">\\n<li data-start=\\\"11042\\\" data-end=\\\"11338\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"11045\\\" data-end=\\\"11338\\\">Talk to your board maker early. Tell them how many rigid and flex layers you plan, where the bend areas are, and how many flex cycles the board must survive. Also tell them target impedance and high speed needs. The manufacturer can then tell you if the design is doable and what limits exist.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"11340\\\" data-end=\\\"11633\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"11343\\\" data-end=\\\"11633\\\">Keep bend areas free of rigid parts and heavy components. Use clear bend lines and keep traces near the neutral axis when you can. Traces across bending areas should be wide enough and follow good flex rules. Avoid plated through holes in repeated bend areas unless you use special designs.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"11635\\\" data-end=\\\"11828\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"11638\\\" data-end=\\\"11828\\\">Design for assembly. If you expect SMT on the flex area, plan for carriers, fiducials, and bake steps. Mark areas that need stiffeners and where you will use adhesives to support components.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"11830\\\" data-end=\\\"12029\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"11833\\\" data-end=\\\"12029\\\">Choose materials by need. Use thicker polyimide and stronger base materials for military or medical. Use thin dielectrics for phones and light consumer goods if you need low weight and small size.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"12031\\\" data-end=\\\"12295\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"12034\\\" data-end=\\\"12295\\\">Cost tradeoffs. Rigid-flex can cut assembly parts and connectors, but the board itself can cost more. Do a whole system cost check. Often the total system cost falls when you remove connectors and the related assembly steps. Also consider repair and test costs.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"12297\\\" data-end=\\\"12504\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"12300\\\" data-end=\\\"12504\\\">Do stress tests. If your product will face vibration, shock, heat, or humidity, test the rigid-flex board early. Cycling tests, thermal shock, and humidity testing will find issues before mass production.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"12506\\\" data-end=\\\"12647\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"12509\\\" data-end=\\\"12647\\\">Plan for tooling. Work with the PCB maker to plan jigs, carriers, and bake schedules. Proper tooling reduces defects and placement errors.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<li data-start=\\\"12649\\\" data-end=\\\"12808\\\">\\n<p data-start=\\\"12652\\\" data-end=\\\"12808\\\">Documentation. Provide clear mechanical drawings, stackup, bending rules, and layer maps. Show where stiffeners go and where flex tails exit the rigid area.<\\\/p>\\n<\\\/li>\\n<\\\/ol>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"a8c6c5d\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":false},{\"id\":\"q7nm0np\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"settings\":{\"gap\":\"no\",\"content_position\":\"top\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"background_color\":\"#FFFFFF00\",\"background_position\":\"bottom center\",\"background_attachment\":\"scroll\",\"background_repeat\":\"no-repeat\",\"background_size\":\"cover\",\"background_size_mobile\":\"cover\",\"background_overlay_background\":\"classic\",\"background_overlay_color_b\":\"rgba(255,255,255,0)\",\"background_overlay_opacity\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"120\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"120\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"80\",\"right\":\"40\",\"bottom\":\"80\",\"left\":\"40\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"25\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"25\",\"isLinked\":false},\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":800,\"sizes\":[]},\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"3628f23\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"7882748\",\"elType\":\"column\",\"settings\":{\"_column_size\":100,\"_inline_size\":100,\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"space_between_widgets\":37,\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"acdd01d\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9fc6712\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Frequently Asked Questions\",\"align\":\"center\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"c2bd145\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"631b990\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"tab_title\":\"What is a Flex-Rigid PCB?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>A flex-rigid PCB combines flexible and rigid circuit board layers into one structure. It offers both bendable areas and solid sections, which save space, reduce connectors, and improve reliability.<\\\/p>\",\"_id\":\"74578b9\"},{\"_id\":\"1e5b3ce\",\"tab_title\":\"What are the advantages of Flex-Rigid PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p data-start=\\\"345\\\" data-end=\\\"430\\\">Main benefits include:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\"><li data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"488\\\"><p data-start=\\\"433\\\" data-end=\\\"488\\\">Space saving with no need for connectors or hot bars.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"489\\\" data-end=\\\"539\\\"><p data-start=\\\"491\\\" data-end=\\\"539\\\">Shorter signal paths for lower loss and delay.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"540\\\" data-end=\\\"597\\\"><p data-start=\\\"542\\\" data-end=\\\"597\\\">Higher reliability and durability in complex designs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"598\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\"><p data-start=\\\"600\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\">Simplified assembly process, reducing labor and time.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul>\"},{\"_id\":\"58c0a09\",\"tab_title\":\"Are there disadvantages to Flex-Rigid PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p data-start=\\\"662\\\" data-end=\\\"956\\\">Yes. Compared to standard rigid or flexible PCBs, they usually cost more. SMT assembly on flexible areas requires special carriers. Flexible materials are also sensitive to heat and humidity, which may cause expansion or shrinkage.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"1384995\",\"tab_title\":\"Where are Flex-Rigid PCBs used?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p data-start=\\\"963\\\" data-end=\\\"1041\\\">They are widely applied in:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"1042\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1042\\\" data-end=\\\"1103\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1044\\\" data-end=\\\"1103\\\">Consumer electronics (mobile phones, cameras, wearables).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1104\\\" data-end=\\\"1176\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1106\\\" data-end=\\\"1176\\\">Automotive electronics (steering wheel controls, displays, sensors).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1177\\\" data-end=\\\"1222\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1179\\\" data-end=\\\"1222\\\">Industrial equipment and medical devices.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1223\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1225\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\">Defense and aerospace systems requiring high reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul>\"},{\"_id\":\"7f51441\",\"tab_title\":\"What should designers consider for Flex-Rigid PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p data-start=\\\"1291\\\" data-end=\\\"1385\\\">Important tips include:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"1386\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1386\\\" data-end=\\\"1499\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1389\\\" data-end=\\\"1499\\\">Communicate with the PCB manufacturer early about layer count, bend areas, impedance, and reliability needs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1500\\\" data-end=\\\"1583\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1503\\\" data-end=\\\"1583\\\">Avoid heavy components in bend areas, and route traces along the neutral axis.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1584\\\" data-end=\\\"1636\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1587\\\" data-end=\\\"1636\\\">Use support fixtures for SMT on flexible areas.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1637\\\" data-end=\\\"1721\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1640\\\" data-end=\\\"1721\\\">Choose materials based on performance requirements (high reliability vs. cost).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1722\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1725\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\">Consider total system cost, not just the PCB price.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol>\"},{\"_id\":\"881e1f9\",\"tab_title\":\"What affects lead time and cost for flex-rigid PCBs?\",\"tab_content\":\"<p>Main drivers are layer count, number of rigid-to-flex transitions, special materials, panelization complexity, and required testing. 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class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84426c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\\\" data-id=\\\"a84426c\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-con-inner\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"0310da0","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<p data-start=\"195\" data-end=\"292\">With the birth and development of FPC and PCB, a new product called rigid-flex board has emerged.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"195\" data-end=\"292\">What is Rigid-Flex PCB\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"294\" data-end=\"1167\">Rigid-flex boards combine <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-manufacturer\/flexible-pcb\/\">flexible circuit substrates<\/a> and rigid circuit substrates in one laminated structure. Rigid-flex PCBs cross the boundaries of traditional rigid PCBs. They also use flexible circuits that are made by patterning highly ductile, electrodeposited or rolled-annealed copper on flexible insulating films. Rigid-flex designs show some clear traits: high density, fine traces, small vias, small size, light weight, and high reliability. Their performance stays stable under vibration, shock, and humid conditions. They can bend, and they allow three-dimensional mounting. They use space inside an assembly more effectively. For these reasons, they are widely used in portable digital products such as mobile phones, digital cameras, and camcorders. Rigid-flex boards will be used more where package size must be reduced, especially in consumer electronics.<\/p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_2671\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-2671 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Flex-rigid-PCB-figure.webp\" alt=\"Rigid-flex boards\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\"> Rigid-flex boards[\/caption]\n<p data-start=\"1169\" data-end=\"1640\">At first, the basic design ideas and manufacturing processes for multilayer rigid-flex boards came from aerospace equipment. Aerospace systems need reliable wiring inside very limited space. In some complex products, rigid-flex boards have even used more than 30 conductor layers. On the other hand, consumer electronics like phones and digital cameras always needed high density and low cost wiring. That need pushed new design ideas and manufacturing methods to appear.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1642\" data-end=\"1936\">A multilayer rigid-flex board is basically a mix of rigid boards and flex boards. But for board makers to join them well, they need good skills in both rigid PCB and flexible PCB processes. So, before designing this type of PCB, you must clearly know the manufacturer\u2019s capabilities and limits.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1938\" data-end=\"1971\">Drawbacks of rigid-flex boards<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1973\" data-end=\"2489\">If you only compare \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-manufacturer\/flexible-pcb\/\">flex board<\/a> + rigid board + connector\u201d with a single rigid-flex board, the main drawback of rigid-flex boards is cost. Rigid-flex boards often cost more. In some cases, the rigid-flex option may be almost twice the price of separate flex and rigid boards. However, if you remove the connector cost or the HotBar soldering cost from the comparison, the price can become close. To see the real cost picture, you must do a full cost analysis that counts parts, assembly steps, and special processes.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2491\" data-end=\"2775\">Another downside is assembly. SMT mounting and reflow of components on rigid-flex boards may require carriers or fixtures to support the flexible areas. Using carriers adds to SMT assembly cost. Carriers help keep the flex portions flat and supported during pick-and-place and reflow.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2777\" data-end=\"2811\">Advantages of rigid-flex boards<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2813\" data-end=\"2901\">Beyond cost, rigid-flex boards have many advantages. Here are some of the main benefits:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"2903\" data-end=\"4339\">\n<li data-start=\"2903\" data-end=\"3320\">\n<p data-start=\"2906\" data-end=\"3320\">Save board space and remove the need for connectors or HotBar processes<br data-start=\"2977\" data-end=\"2980\">Because the flex and rigid parts are one piece, you can remove a connector or a HotBar joint. For high density designs, losing the space of one connector is very valuable. Removing connectors also lowers parts cost and the cost of HotBar processing. Moreover, the gap between two boards can be much smaller when you do not need a connector.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3322\" data-end=\"4008\">\n<p data-start=\"3325\" data-end=\"4008\">Shorter signal paths, higher speed, and improved reliability<br data-start=\"3385\" data-end=\"3388\">With separate rigid boards joined by connectors, a signal path looks like: board \u2192 connector \u2192 flex \u2192 connector \u2192 board. With a rigid-flex board it becomes: board \u2192 flex \u2192 board. The path is shorter. Signals cross fewer different materials, so they lose less energy. On standard rigid boards, traces are copper. Connectors have gold plated contacts. Soldered pins are usually tin or tin alloy. Signal changes at each material interface cause some loss. If you use rigid-flex, you reduce the number of interfaces. That helps signal integrity. For products that need precise signals, rigid-flex boards improve reliability.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4010\" data-end=\"4339\">\n<p data-start=\"4013\" data-end=\"4339\">Simplify product assembly and save assembly time<br data-start=\"4061\" data-end=\"4064\">Using rigid-flex boards can reduce <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\">SMT<\/a> and final assembly time. You place fewer connectors. You also remove the assembly step of inserting a flex into a connector or the HotBar soldering step. Fewer parts means a shorter BOM. That reduces inventory and parts management work.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"4341\" data-end=\"4409\">How production and assembly differ for flex and rigid-flex boards<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4749\">The main SMT process is similar for all board types. Flexible circuits, rigid-flex boards, and rigid boards all go through component placement and reflow soldering that uses solder paste. But flexible boards and rigid-flex boards have special needs. If these extra needs are not met carefully during production, you will get big problems.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4751\" data-end=\"4779\">1. Solder paste printing<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4781\" data-end=\"5426\">Like rigid PCBs, you use a stencil and a solder paste printer to apply solder paste to flex and rigid-flex boards. Many SMT operators worry about size control and the fragility of flex boards. Unlike rigid boards, flex board surfaces are not flat. So you need fixtures and alignment holes to hold them in place. Also, flexible circuit materials change size with temperature and humidity. They can stretch or wrinkle by about 0.001 inch per inch under some conditions. These stretches and wrinkles cause shifts in the board position in X and Y. For this reason, flex placement often needs smaller carriers or special tooling than rigid board SMT.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5428\" data-end=\"5458\">2. SMT component placement<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5460\" data-end=\"5842\">Today, components are getting smaller. Small parts can cause problems in reflow if the board surface is not flat. If a flex circuit is small, dimensional changes may be less of a problem, but you may still need smaller SMT carriers or extra fiducial marks. If a carrier is not flat, you will see placement shifts. A good SMT fixture helps keep the placement surface flat and steady.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"5844\" data-end=\"5867\">3. Reflow soldering<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5869\" data-end=\"6249\">Before reflow, flexible circuits must be dried. This is a key difference between flex and rigid board assembly. Flex materials absorb moisture like a sponge. They can gain up to about 3% of their weight from moisture. Once a flex board soaks up moisture, you cannot reflow it without drying first. Rigid boards also have this issue, but rigid boards tolerate some moisture better.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6251\" data-end=\"6613\">Flexible circuits require a pre-bake at roughly 225\u00b0F to 250\u00b0F (about 107\u00b0C to 121\u00b0C) for a short time, ideally finished within one hour. If you do not dry the flex in time, you must store the boards in a dry box or in nitrogen storage until they are baked. Proper drying prevents damage caused by steam formation during reflow, such as delamination or blisters.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6615\" data-end=\"6651\">Applications of rigid-flex boards<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6653\" data-end=\"7041\">Rigid-flex PCBs combine the durability of rigid boards with the adaptability of flexible boards. Among all PCB types, rigid-flex is the most robust for harsh environments. Because of that strength, rigid-flex boards are popular in industrial control, medical devices, and military equipment. Mainland manufacturers are also increasing the share of rigid-flex boards in their total output.<\/p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_2673\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-2673 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Rig-Flex-PCB-are-applied-in-industrial-control.webp\" alt=\"Rigid-flex boards are applied in industrial control\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\"> Rigid-flex boards are applied in industrial control[\/caption]\n<p data-start=\"7043\" data-end=\"7077\">Typical application areas include:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"7079\" data-end=\"8680\">\n<li data-start=\"7079\" data-end=\"7434\">\n<p data-start=\"7082\" data-end=\"7434\">Industrial use \u2014 This includes industrial machines, military equipment, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/medical-devices\">medical devices<\/a>. These parts need precision, safety, and durability. Rigid-flex boards for these fields must deliver high reliability, high precision, low impedance loss, complete signal quality, and long life. But the process is complex, output is low, and unit cost is high.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7436\" data-end=\"7620\">\n<p data-start=\"7439\" data-end=\"7620\">Mobile phones \u2014 In phones, rigid-flex boards appear in hinge areas of folding phones, camera modules, keypads, and RF modules. They handle repeated bending and tight assembly space.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7622\" data-end=\"8220\">\n<p data-start=\"7625\" data-end=\"8220\">Consumer electronics \u2014 Digital still cameras (DSC) and digital video (DV) products are typical consumer items that use rigid-flex. We can look at rigid-flex from two angles: performance and structure. From the performance side, rigid-flex can link different rigid boards and modules in three dimensions. So with the same line density you increase the usable circuit area. That raises the circuit carrying capacity and reduces signal path limits and assembly mistakes. From the structure side, rigid-flex boards are light and thin and allow flexible routing. They help shrink size and cut weight.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8222\" data-end=\"8680\">\n<p data-start=\"8225\" data-end=\"8680\">Automotive \u2014 In cars, rigid-flex boards are used for key switches on the steering wheel, connections between in-vehicle screens and control boards, door control keys, car audio controls, parking radar camera systems, many sensors (air quality, temperature and humidity, gas detection and control), vehicle communication systems, satellite navigation, connections for rear seat controllers, front end controller boards, and even external detection systems.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-start=\"8682\" data-end=\"8727\">Materials for multilayer rigid-flex boards<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"8729\" data-end=\"8899\">Below is a simple table of common materials used to make multilayer rigid-flex boards. I list the needed material, the traditional choice, and higher performance choices.<\/p>\n<div class=\"_tableContainer_sk2ct_1\">\n<div class=\"_tableWrapper_sk2ct_13 group flex w-fit flex-col-reverse\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<table class=\"w-fit min-w-(--thread-content-width)\" data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<thead data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8967\">\n<tr data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8967\">\n<th data-start=\"8901\" data-end=\"8917\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Needed material<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8917\" data-end=\"8940\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Traditional material<\/th>\n<th data-start=\"8940\" data-end=\"8967\" data-col-size=\"md\">High performance material<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<tr data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9057\">\n<td data-start=\"8982\" data-end=\"9008\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Flexible substrate (FCCL)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9008\" data-end=\"9037\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Traditional polyimide film<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9037\" data-end=\"9057\" data-col-size=\"md\">New polyimide film<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9058\" data-end=\"9206\">\n<td data-start=\"9058\" data-end=\"9087\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Double-sided copper laminate<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9087\" data-end=\"9146\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Polyimide core with acrylic adhesive (or epoxy adhesive)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9146\" data-end=\"9206\" data-col-size=\"md\">Glue-free polyimide laminate (cast type or laminated type)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9333\">\n<td data-start=\"9207\" data-end=\"9216\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Coverlay<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9216\" data-end=\"9278\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Traditional polyimide coated with acrylic or epoxy adhesive<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9278\" data-end=\"9333\" data-col-size=\"md\">New polyimide coated with hot-melt polyimide adhesive<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9334\" data-end=\"9538\">\n<td data-start=\"9334\" data-end=\"9363\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Adhesive film (bonding film)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9363\" data-end=\"9470\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Acrylic resin adhesive film, epoxy adhesive film, polyimide film coated both sides with acrylic adhesive<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9470\" data-end=\"9538\" data-col-size=\"md\">New polyimide film coated both sides with hot-melt polyimide resin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr data-start=\"9539\" data-end=\"9632\">\n<td data-start=\"9539\" data-end=\"9561\" data-col-size=\"sm\">Rigid substrate (CCL)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9561\" data-end=\"9581\" data-col-size=\"lg\">Glass-epoxy (fr4)<\/td>\n<td data-start=\"9581\" data-end=\"9632\" data-col-size=\"md\">Glass-BT resin board, glass-polyimide resin board<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p data-start=\"9634\" data-end=\"9841\">The table above lists several materials that are necessary when making rigid-flex boards. It is important to note that with technology progress, the performance of these materials has improved significantly.<\/p>\n[caption id=\"attachment_2672\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-2672 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/polyimide-film.webp\" alt=\"polyimide film\" width=\"700\" height=\"331\"> polyimide film[\/caption]\n<p data-start=\"9843\" data-end=\"10300\">Materials must have high heat resistance and good dimensional stability during heating. For high-reliability fields like military and aerospace, we recommend using thicker polyimide film (greater than 50 \u03bcm). In these areas, the base material must have strong stability and durability during processing. In contrast, consumer electronics often follow a trend to be thinner and lighter. There, manufacturers usually use thinner dielectrics (less than 50 \u03bcm).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10302\" data-end=\"10595\">Among adhesive copper clad laminates, coverlays, and bonding films, acrylic adhesives have better bond strength but slightly lower heat resistance and higher shrinkage. Epoxy adhesives offer better heat resistance, but they take longer to cure and sometimes have slightly weaker bond strength.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"10597\" data-end=\"10966\">Using cast or pressure-laminated glue-free copper clad laminate usually gives higher heat resistance and lower coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). These materials also help reduce final board thickness and can significantly reduce drilling resin smear. However, the glue-free material requires processing above 300\u00b0C and needs special equipment and process control.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"10968\" data-end=\"10971\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\">\n<div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"12ea7e37-a0d3-42bb-b2b9-af7f7cf85820\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-t-mini\">\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\">\n<h2 data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"59\">When should you use a rigid-flex board for PCB prototyping?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"61\" data-end=\"330\">A rigid-flex board is made when a flexible circuit and a rigid board are bonded and processed together. The final board has features of both FPC and PCB. Rigid-flex boards cost more, but they are very versatile. You can customize them for many industries and many uses.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"332\" data-end=\"374\">When to choose rigid-flex for prototyping:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"376\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\n<li data-start=\"376\" data-end=\"579\">\n<p data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"579\">High shock and high vibration environments.<br data-start=\"422\" data-end=\"425\">Rigid-flex boards resist impact and vibration. Use them when the product must work under heavy stress and stay stable. If you do not, the device may fail.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"581\" data-end=\"798\">\n<p data-start=\"584\" data-end=\"798\">High-precision applications where reliability matters more than cost.<br data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"656\">If a cable or connector failure could be dangerous, pick a more durable rigid-flex board. It reduces the number of connectors and weak points.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"800\" data-end=\"988\">\n<p data-start=\"803\" data-end=\"988\">High-density designs.<br data-start=\"824\" data-end=\"827\">Some components do not have enough surface area for all needed connectors and cables. In that case, a rigid-flex board saves space and solves the layout problem.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"990\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\">\n<p data-start=\"993\" data-end=\"1216\" data-is-last-node=\"\">Designs that would otherwise need many rigid boards.<br data-start=\"1045\" data-end=\"1048\">If the product needs four or more connected rigid boards, replacing them with a single rigid-flex board is often the best choice. It can be more cost-effective overall.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr data-start=\"10968\" data-end=\"10971\">\n<h3 data-start=\"10973\" data-end=\"11040\">Notes and extra tips for designers and buyers&nbsp;<\/h3>\n<ol data-start=\"11042\" data-end=\"12808\">\n<li data-start=\"11042\" data-end=\"11338\">\n<p data-start=\"11045\" data-end=\"11338\">Talk to your board maker early. Tell them how many rigid and flex layers you plan, where the bend areas are, and how many flex cycles the board must survive. Also tell them target impedance and high speed needs. The manufacturer can then tell you if the design is doable and what limits exist.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11340\" data-end=\"11633\">\n<p data-start=\"11343\" data-end=\"11633\">Keep bend areas free of rigid parts and heavy components. Use clear bend lines and keep traces near the neutral axis when you can. Traces across bending areas should be wide enough and follow good flex rules. Avoid plated through holes in repeated bend areas unless you use special designs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11635\" data-end=\"11828\">\n<p data-start=\"11638\" data-end=\"11828\">Design for assembly. If you expect SMT on the flex area, plan for carriers, fiducials, and bake steps. Mark areas that need stiffeners and where you will use adhesives to support components.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"11830\" data-end=\"12029\">\n<p data-start=\"11833\" data-end=\"12029\">Choose materials by need. Use thicker polyimide and stronger base materials for military or medical. Use thin dielectrics for phones and light consumer goods if you need low weight and small size.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12031\" data-end=\"12295\">\n<p data-start=\"12034\" data-end=\"12295\">Cost tradeoffs. Rigid-flex can cut assembly parts and connectors, but the board itself can cost more. Do a whole system cost check. Often the total system cost falls when you remove connectors and the related assembly steps. Also consider repair and test costs.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12297\" data-end=\"12504\">\n<p data-start=\"12300\" data-end=\"12504\">Do stress tests. If your product will face vibration, shock, heat, or humidity, test the rigid-flex board early. Cycling tests, thermal shock, and humidity testing will find issues before mass production.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12506\" data-end=\"12647\">\n<p data-start=\"12509\" data-end=\"12647\">Plan for tooling. Work with the PCB maker to plan jigs, carriers, and bake schedules. Proper tooling reduces defects and placement errors.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"12649\" data-end=\"12808\">\n<p data-start=\"12652\" data-end=\"12808\">Documentation. Provide clear mechanical drawings, stackup, bending rules, and layer maps. Show where stiffeners go and where flex tails exit the rigid area.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>","display_condition_list":[{"display_condition_login_status":"subscriber","_id":"a8c6c5d"}]},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<section class=\\\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-q7nm0np elementor-section-content-top elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\\\" data-id=\\\"q7nm0np\\\" data-element_type=\\\"section\\\" data-settings=\\\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-background-overlay\\\"><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7882748\\\" data-id=\\\"7882748\\\" data-element_type=\\\"column\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc6712 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"9fc6712\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-631b990 elementor-widget elementor-widget-accordion\\\" data-id=\\\"631b990\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"accordion.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What is a Flex-Rigid PCB?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1031\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"1\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1031\\\"><p>A flex-rigid PCB combines flexible and rigid circuit board layers into one structure. It offers both bendable areas and solid sections, which save space, reduce connectors, and improve reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What are the advantages of Flex-Rigid PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1032\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"2\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1032\\\"><p data-start=\\\"345\\\" data-end=\\\"430\\\">Main benefits include:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\"><li data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"488\\\"><p data-start=\\\"433\\\" data-end=\\\"488\\\">Space saving with no need for connectors or hot bars.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"489\\\" data-end=\\\"539\\\"><p data-start=\\\"491\\\" data-end=\\\"539\\\">Shorter signal paths for lower loss and delay.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"540\\\" data-end=\\\"597\\\"><p data-start=\\\"542\\\" data-end=\\\"597\\\">Higher reliability and durability in complex designs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"598\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\"><p data-start=\\\"600\\\" data-end=\\\"655\\\">Simplified assembly process, reducing labor and time.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Are there disadvantages to Flex-Rigid PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1033\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"3\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1033\\\"><p data-start=\\\"662\\\" data-end=\\\"956\\\">Yes. Compared to standard rigid or flexible PCBs, they usually cost more. SMT assembly on flexible areas requires special carriers. Flexible materials are also sensitive to heat and humidity, which may cause expansion or shrinkage.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">Where are Flex-Rigid PCBs used?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1034\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"4\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1034\\\"><p data-start=\\\"963\\\" data-end=\\\"1041\\\">They are widely applied in:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"1042\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1042\\\" data-end=\\\"1103\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1044\\\" data-end=\\\"1103\\\">Consumer electronics (mobile phones, cameras, wearables).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1104\\\" data-end=\\\"1176\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1106\\\" data-end=\\\"1176\\\">Automotive electronics (steering wheel controls, displays, sensors).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1177\\\" data-end=\\\"1222\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1179\\\" data-end=\\\"1222\\\">Industrial equipment and medical devices.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1223\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1225\\\" data-end=\\\"1284\\\">Defense and aerospace systems requiring high reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What should designers consider for Flex-Rigid PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1035\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"5\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1035\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1291\\\" data-end=\\\"1385\\\">Important tips include:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"1386\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1386\\\" data-end=\\\"1499\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1389\\\" data-end=\\\"1499\\\">Communicate with the PCB manufacturer early about layer count, bend areas, impedance, and reliability needs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1500\\\" data-end=\\\"1583\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1503\\\" data-end=\\\"1583\\\">Avoid heavy components in bend areas, and route traces along the neutral axis.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1584\\\" data-end=\\\"1636\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1587\\\" data-end=\\\"1636\\\">Use support fixtures for SMT on flexible areas.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1637\\\" data-end=\\\"1721\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1640\\\" data-end=\\\"1721\\\">Choose materials based on performance requirements (high reliability vs. cost).<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1722\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1725\\\" data-end=\\\"1778\\\">Consider total system cost, not just the PCB price.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-accordion-item\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1036\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-title\\\" data-tab=\\\"6\\\" role=\\\"button\\\" aria-controls=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1036\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon elementor-accordion-icon-right\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zm144 276c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-92v92c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12h-56c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-92h-92c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h92v-92c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h56c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v92h92c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"elementor-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus-circle\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 512 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8zM124 296c-6.6 0-12-5.4-12-12v-56c0-6.6 5.4-12 12-12h264c6.6 0 12 5.4 12 12v56c0 6.6-5.4 12-12 12H124z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<a class=\\\"elementor-accordion-title\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\">What affects lead time and cost for flex-rigid PCBs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"elementor-tab-content-1036\\\" class=\\\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\\\" data-tab=\\\"6\\\" role=\\\"region\\\" aria-labelledby=\\\"elementor-tab-title-1036\\\"><p>Main drivers are layer count, number of rigid-to-flex transitions, special materials, panelization complexity, and required testing. More layers, tight bend radii, and custom stiffeners increase cost and time. Prototype runs and small batches often need tooling or fixtures, which adds lead time. To reduce cost, consolidate features, standardize materials, and discuss lead-time tradeoffs with your supplier early.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-1907.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-1907.js"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"With the birth and development of FPC and PCB, a new product called rigid-flex board has emerged. 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