{"id":4614,"date":"2026-01-15T07:28:17","date_gmt":"2026-01-15T07:28:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4614"},"modified":"2026-01-15T07:28:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T07:28:20","slug":"pcba-manual-soldering-best-practices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcba-manual-soldering-best-practices\/","title":{"rendered":"PCBA-Handl\u00f6ten - Bew\u00e4hrte Praktiken"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Einf\u00fchrung<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PCBA steht f\u00fcr <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-assembly\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1919\">Leiterplatte + Montage<\/a>. Sie bezieht sich auf den gesamten Prozess, bei dem eine nackte Leiterplatte <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/de_at\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1923\">SMT (Oberfl\u00e4chenmontagetechnik)<\/a> Best\u00fcckung oder Durchsteckmontage (DIP), gefolgt von der vollst\u00e4ndigen Montage. In China ist der Begriff \u201cPCBA\u201d gebr\u00e4uchlich, w\u00e4hrend in Europa und den Vereinigten Staaten die Standardschreibweise \u201cPCB'A\u201d mit einem Apostroph ist - dies ist der offizielle konventionelle Ausdruck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. F\u00fcnf Schritte f\u00fcr das manuelle PCBA-L\u00f6ten<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vorbereiten<\/strong>: Positionieren Sie die L\u00f6tkolbenspitze in einem Winkel von 45\u00b0 zur L\u00f6tstelle.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>W\u00e4rme<\/strong>: Setzen Sie die Spitze des L\u00f6tkolbens an der L\u00f6tstelle an und bringen Sie gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig W\u00e4rme auf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00f6tdraht zuf\u00fchren<\/strong>: F\u00fchren Sie den L\u00f6tdraht der erhitzten Verbindung zu und lassen Sie das Lot in der entsprechenden Menge schmelzen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>L\u00f6tdraht entfernen<\/strong>: Wenn gen\u00fcgend L\u00f6tzinn geschmolzen ist und die Verbindung bedeckt, ziehen Sie den L\u00f6tdraht zuerst ab.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Entfernen Sie das B\u00fcgeleisen<\/strong>: Vermeiden Sie jede Vibration oder Ersch\u00fctterung der L\u00f6tstelle, bevor das Lot vollst\u00e4ndig erstarrt ist. Entfernen Sie dann vorsichtig den L\u00f6tkolben.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"377\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Five-Step-Method.webp\" alt=\"Five-Step Method\" class=\"wp-image-4616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Five-Step-Method.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Five-Step-Method-300x141.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Five-Step-Method-768x362.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Five-Step-Method-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Grundlegende Prinzipien des PCBA-L\u00f6tens<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 Oberfl\u00e4chenspannung der Platine und des Lotes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Die Koh\u00e4sion von Zinn-Blei-Lot ist extrem stark und f\u00fchrt dazu, dass geschmolzenes Lot eine kugelf\u00f6rmige Gestalt annimmt. Bei einem gegebenen Volumen hat eine Kugel die kleinste Oberfl\u00e4che, was der Anforderung des Niedrigenergiezustands entspricht. Flussmittel funktioniert \u00e4hnlich wie ein Reinigungsmittel auf \u00f6ligen Metalloberfl\u00e4chen. Au\u00dferdem ist die Oberfl\u00e4chenspannung stark von der Sauberkeit des Metalls und seiner Temperatur abh\u00e4ngig. Eine ideale Benetzung (Lothaftung) tritt nur dann ein, wenn die Benetzungsenergie die Oberfl\u00e4chenenergie (Koh\u00e4sion) des Lots deutlich \u00fcbersteigt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 Bildung von intermetallischen Verbindungen<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Kupfer und Zinn bilden beim L\u00f6ten intermetallische K\u00f6rner. Form und Gr\u00f6\u00dfe dieser K\u00f6rner werden durch die Dauer und Intensit\u00e4t der Hitzeeinwirkung auf die Verbindung bestimmt. Eine geringere W\u00e4rmezufuhr f\u00fchrt in der Regel zu einer feinen kristallinen Struktur, die L\u00f6tstellen mit optimaler Festigkeit hervorbringt. Umgekehrt f\u00fchrt \u00fcberm\u00e4\u00dfige Hitze oder eine verl\u00e4ngerte L\u00f6tzeit zu groben, k\u00f6rnigen und spr\u00f6den K\u00f6rnern, was zu einer geringeren Scherfestigkeit der Verbindung f\u00fchrt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 Benetzungswinkel auf der Platte<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wenn die Leiterplattenoberfl\u00e4che auf ca. 35\u00b0C \u00fcber den eutektischen Punkt des Lots erhitzt wird und ein Tropfen Lot auf die hei\u00dfe, gefluxte Oberfl\u00e4che gegeben wird, bildet sich ein Meniskus (gekr\u00fcmmte Fl\u00fcssigkeitsoberfl\u00e4che). Die Benetzungsf\u00e4higkeit des Metalls l\u00e4sst sich teilweise anhand der Form dieses Meniskus beurteilen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wenn der Meniskus eine deutliche Unterschneidung aufweist, einem Wassertropfen auf einer \u00f6ligen Metalloberfl\u00e4che \u00e4hnelt oder zu einer Kugelform neigt, ist das Metall nicht benetzbar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eine gute Benetzung wird durch einen kleinen Meniskuswinkel von weniger als 30\u00b0 angezeigt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 Benetzungswirkung<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unter Benetzung versteht man den Vorgang, bei dem sich hei\u00dfes, fl\u00fcssiges Lot auf der zu verbindenden Metalloberfl\u00e4che aufl\u00f6st und ausbreitet. Lot und Kupfer vermischen sich auf molekularer Ebene und bilden eine neue Legierungsphase (ein Teil Kupfer, ein Teil Lot). Durch diesen Prozess entstehen intermetallische Verbindungen zwischen den Bauteilen, die den Kern einer hochwertigen L\u00f6tung ausmachen und die Festigkeit der L\u00f6tstelle bestimmen. F\u00fcr eine effektive Benetzung:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Die Kupferoberfl\u00e4che muss sauber und frei von luftgef\u00fcllten Oxidschichten sein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Das Lot und die Werkst\u00fcckoberfl\u00e4che m\u00fcssen die entsprechende Temperatur erreichen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.5 Eigenschaften von intermetallischen Schichten<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bei PCBA wird Kupfer als Basismetall und Zinn-Blei als Lotlegierung verwendet. W\u00e4hrend Blei keine intermetallischen Verbindungen mit Kupfer bildet, diffundiert Zinn in Kupfer und bildet intermetallische Verbindungen (Cu\u2083Sn und Cu\u2086Sn\u2085) an der Schnittstelle zwischen Lot und Kupfer. Wichtige Merkmale:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Die intermetallische Schicht (bestehend aus \u03b7- und \u03b5-Phase) muss extrem d\u00fcnn sein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beim Laserschwei\u00dfen liegt die intermetallische Schichtdicke in der Gr\u00f6\u00dfenordnung von 0,1 mm; beim Wellen- und Handl\u00f6ten weist eine hochwertige Verbindung in der Regel eine intermetallische Schichtdicke von mehr als 0,5 \u00b5m auf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Die Scherfestigkeit der L\u00f6tstelle nimmt mit zunehmender Dicke der intermetallischen Schicht ab. Daher sollte die L\u00f6tzeit minimiert werden, um die Schichtdicke unter 1 \u00b5m zu halten.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Vorsichtsma\u00dfnahmen f\u00fcr das manuelle L\u00f6ten von PCBAs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Kontrolle elektrostatischer Entladungen (ESD)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tragen Sie immer ein ESD-Handgelenkband. Der menschliche K\u00f6rper kann mehr als 10.000 Volt statische Elektrizit\u00e4t ansammeln, w\u00e4hrend viele ICs (integrierte Schaltkreise) durch Spannungen von mehr als 300 V besch\u00e4digt werden k\u00f6nnen. Das Armband sorgt f\u00fcr eine statische Entladung zur Erde und sch\u00fctzt so empfindliche Komponenten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Handhabung der Leiterplatte und der Komponenten<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tragen Sie Handschuhe oder Fingerlinge; ber\u00fchren Sie die Leiterplatte oder die Goldfinger der Komponenten nicht mit blo\u00dfen H\u00e4nden (\u00d6le und Feuchtigkeit von der Haut k\u00f6nnen Verunreinigungen oder Korrosion verursachen).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fassen Sie die Leiterplatte nur an den Kanten an, um eine Besch\u00e4digung von Bauteilen oder L\u00f6tstellen auf der Leiterplatte zu vermeiden.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 L\u00f6tparameter und L\u00f6ttechnik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verwenden Sie die richtige L\u00f6ttemperatur, den richtigen Winkel des L\u00f6tkolbens und die richtige L\u00f6treihenfolge; halten Sie eine angemessene L\u00f6tzeit ein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bevorzugen Sie, wenn m\u00f6glich, das L\u00f6ten bei niedrigen Temperaturen: Hohe Temperaturen beschleunigen die Oxidation der L\u00f6tspitze - bei 470 \u00b0C ist die Oxidationsrate doppelt so hoch wie bei 380 \u00b0C, was die Lebensdauer der Spitze erheblich verk\u00fcrzt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Wenden Sie keinen \u00fcberm\u00e4\u00dfigen Druck an: \u00dcberdruck kann die Spitze des L\u00f6tkolbens besch\u00e4digen oder verformen. Die W\u00e4rme wird effektiv \u00fcbertragen, wenn die Spitze die L\u00f6tstelle vollst\u00e4ndig ber\u00fchrt. W\u00e4hlen Sie eine zur L\u00f6tstelle passende Gr\u00f6\u00dfe der L\u00f6tkolbenspitze, um eine optimale W\u00e4rmeleitung zu gew\u00e4hrleisten.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vermeiden Sie es, mit der Spitze des B\u00fcgeleisens zu schlagen oder zu schwingen: Dies kann den Heizkern besch\u00e4digen, L\u00f6tspritzer verursachen (was zu Kurzschl\u00fcssen auf der Leiterplatte f\u00fchren kann) und die Lebensdauer des Kerns verk\u00fcrzen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 Wartung der Eisenspitze<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Reinigen Sie die Spitze des B\u00fcgeleisens mit einem feuchten Schwamm, um Oxid und \u00fcbersch\u00fcssiges Lot zu entfernen. Der Schwamm sollte feucht sein (nicht klatschnass oder trocken):\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zu nasse Schw\u00e4mme verursachen pl\u00f6tzliche Temperaturabf\u00e4lle (Temperaturschock), die zu kalten L\u00f6tstellen oder offenen Schaltkreisen f\u00fchren; Wasserr\u00fcckst\u00e4nde k\u00f6nnen auch die Leiterplatte korrodieren lassen oder Kurzschl\u00fcsse verursachen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trockene Schw\u00e4mme k\u00f6nnen das Oxid nicht entfernen, was zu einer schlechten Verzinnung der Spitze und sp\u00e4teren L\u00f6tfehlern f\u00fchrt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcberpr\u00fcfen Sie regelm\u00e4\u00dfig den Feuchtigkeitsgehalt des Schwamms und entfernen Sie mindestens dreimal t\u00e4glich die L\u00f6tkr\u00e4tze.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halten Sie die Eisenspitze verzinnt (mit einer d\u00fcnnen Lotschicht \u00fcberzogen), um die Oxidation zu verringern und ihre Lebensdauer zu verl\u00e4ngern.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5 Verwendung von L\u00f6tzinn und Flussmittel<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verwenden Sie die richtige Menge an Lot: Zu viel L\u00f6tzinn verursacht Kurzschl\u00fcsse (\u00dcberbr\u00fcckungen) oder verdeckt Defekte; zu wenig L\u00f6tzinn f\u00fchrt zu schwachen Verbindungen und beschleunigter Oxidation, was mit der Zeit zum Versagen der Verbindungen f\u00fchrt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verwenden Sie die richtige Menge an Flussmittel: Zu viel Flussmittel kann die PCBA korrodieren lassen und elektrische Lecks verursachen; zu wenig Flussmittel entfernt weder Oxide noch f\u00f6rdert es die Benetzung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduzieren Sie L\u00f6tspritzer: Vermeiden Sie es, den L\u00f6tdraht direkt auf der hei\u00dfen Spitze des B\u00fcgeleisens zu schmelzen (Flussmittel erhitzt sich schnell und spritzt). F\u00fchren Sie stattdessen den L\u00f6tdraht zur erhitzten Verbindung.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.6 Vermeiden von Hitzesch\u00e4den<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Achten Sie darauf, dass der L\u00f6tkolben nicht die Kunststoffisolierung benachbarter Dr\u00e4hte oder die Oberfl\u00e4chen von Bauteilen verbrennt - dies ist besonders kritisch bei dicht gepackten oder komplex geformten Leiterplatten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.7 Selbstinspektion nach dem L\u00f6ten<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pr\u00fcfen Sie nach dem L\u00f6ten jede Verbindung anhand der folgenden Checkliste:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>a. Gibt es fehlende L\u00f6tstellen?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>b. Sind die L\u00f6tstellen glatt, voll und gl\u00e4nzend?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>c. Ist um die Verbindung herum ein Restflussmittel vorhanden?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>d. Gibt es L\u00f6tbr\u00fccken (unbeabsichtigte Verbindungen zwischen Pads)?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>e. Haben sich irgendwelche Pads von der Leiterplatte gel\u00f6st oder gerissen?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>f. Gibt es Risse an den L\u00f6tstellen?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g. Sind irgendwelche Verbindungen nadelf\u00f6rmig (gezogene Spitzen) oder uneben?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.8 Sicherheit und Bel\u00fcftung<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tragen Sie eine Maske, um das Einatmen sch\u00e4dlicher D\u00e4mpfe von Lot und Flussmittel zu vermeiden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verwenden Sie einen Ventilator oder eine Dunstabzugshaube, um eine gute Bel\u00fcftung des L\u00f6tarbeitsplatzes zu gew\u00e4hrleisten.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Praktische Arbeit und Tipps zur Verbesserung der Fertigkeiten<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u00dcben Sie sich in ruhiger Handf\u00fchrung und pr\u00e4zisem W\u00e4rmemanagement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Passen Sie die Gr\u00f6\u00dfe der L\u00f6tkolbenspitze an die Gr\u00f6\u00dfe der L\u00f6tstelle\/des L\u00f6tpads an, um eine effiziente W\u00e4rme\u00fcbertragung zu gew\u00e4hrleisten.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Passen Sie die Temperatur des L\u00f6tkolbens an die Bauteile und die Art des Lots an (z. B. niedrigere Temperaturen f\u00fcr hitzeempfindliche Bauteile).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>W\u00e4hlen Sie den geeigneten Flussmitteltyp f\u00fcr die Anwendung (z. B. No-Clean-Flussmittel f\u00fcr Leiterplatten).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halten Sie den Arbeitsbereich sauber und aufger\u00e4umt, um Verunreinigungen oder Besch\u00e4digungen der Bauteile zu vermeiden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Schulung der Bediener in Standardverfahren, um schlechte Gewohnheiten zu vermeiden, die die Qualit\u00e4t beeintr\u00e4chtigen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Zusammenfassung: Zu beachtende Schl\u00fcsselregeln<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tragen Sie ein ESD-Armband und erden Sie sich, um empfindliche Bauteile zu sch\u00fctzen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verwenden Sie Handschuhe oder Fingerlinge - ber\u00fchren Sie niemals Bauteile oder Leiterplatten mit blo\u00dfen H\u00e4nden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halten Sie den richtigen L\u00f6twinkel, die richtige Temperatur, die richtige Reihenfolge und die richtige Zeit ein.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halten Sie die Leiterplatte an den Kanten, um eine Besch\u00e4digung der Bauteile zu vermeiden.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bevorzugen Sie das L\u00f6ten bei niedrigen Temperaturen, wenn dies m\u00f6glich ist.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dr\u00fccken oder schlagen Sie nicht auf den L\u00f6tkolben; verwenden Sie die richtige Gr\u00f6\u00dfe der Spitze.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reinigen Sie die B\u00fcgeleisenspitze regelm\u00e4\u00dfig mit einem gut angefeuchteten Schwamm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verwenden Sie die richtige Menge an Lot und Flussmittel - vermeiden Sie \u00dcberschuss oder Mangel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halten Sie die Eisenspitze verzinnt, um die Oxidation zu verringern.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verhindern Sie L\u00f6tzinnspritzer, indem Sie das L\u00f6tzinn in die Verbindung (nicht in die Spitze des B\u00fcgeleisens) einf\u00fchren.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vermeiden Sie Hitzesch\u00e4den an benachbarten Kabeln und Bauteilen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pr\u00fcfen Sie alle Verbindungen nach dem L\u00f6ten anhand der mitgelieferten Checkliste.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Verwenden Sie Sicherheitsausr\u00fcstungen (Maske, Dunstabzug) f\u00fcr eine gesunde Arbeitsumgebung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Investieren Sie in Schulungen und Kompetenzkontrollen, um die L\u00f6tqualit\u00e4t kontinuierlich zu verbessern.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Schlussbemerkung<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Das manuelle L\u00f6ten von PCBAs ist eine Kombination aus K\u00f6nnen und Prozesskontrolle. Qualitativ hochwertige L\u00f6tstellen sind abh\u00e4ngig von der richtigen W\u00e4rmef\u00fchrung, dem pr\u00e4zisen Timing, der Auswahl des richtigen Flussmittels, sauberen Metalloberfl\u00e4chen und einer sorgf\u00e4ltigen Handhabung. Durch die Minimierung der W\u00e4rmeeinwirkung zur Kontrolle des Wachstums intermetallischer Schichten, die Vermeidung von ESD-Sch\u00e4den und die Einhaltung von Standardreinigungs- und Inspektionsverfahren k\u00f6nnen Sie best\u00e4ndig starke, zuverl\u00e4ssige L\u00f6tstellen herstellen und die allgemeine Produktqualit\u00e4t verbessern.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction PCBA stands for Printed Circuit Board + Assembly. It refers to the full process where a bare PCB undergoes [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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