{"id":2444,"date":"2025-09-08T08:51:05","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T08:51:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=2444"},"modified":"2025-09-26T03:44:18","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T03:44:18","slug":"resin-filled-via","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-manufacturer\/resin-filled-via\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0393\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 Via"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2444\" class=\"elementor elementor-2444\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d636ac5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d636ac5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b8d7f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b8d7f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<article class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"-1\" data-turn-id=\"c5fe1528-7812-45d3-aa14-8fe3ca772581\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-2\" data-scroll-anchor=\"true\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] thread-sm:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] thread-lg:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-sm:[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-lg:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" tabindex=\"-1\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"e7184377-290d-4c6e-971e-0d180ac1744f\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-t-mini\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\"><h2 data-start=\"46\" data-end=\"59\">\u0399\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/h2><p data-start=\"60\" data-end=\"441\">\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae PCB. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 PCB \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p><p data-start=\"60\" data-end=\"441\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3393\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Filled-Via.webp\" alt=\"Resin-Filled Via\" width=\"600\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Filled-Via.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Filled-Via-300x224.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"443\" data-end=\"456\">\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/h2><p data-start=\"457\" data-end=\"826\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 vias \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 HDI. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9: \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"828\" data-end=\"863\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u201c\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf via\u201d \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 PCB;<\/h2><h3 data-start=\"865\" data-end=\"898\">\u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5<\/h3><p data-start=\"899\" data-end=\"1196\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 via (plated through hole, PTH) \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd PCB \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 plugged via \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf plugging \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2:<\/p><ol data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1607\"><li data-start=\"1198\" data-end=\"1292\"><p data-start=\"1201\" data-end=\"1292\">\u03a4\u03bf via \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03bf via \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1293\" data-end=\"1455\"><p data-start=\"1296\" data-end=\"1455\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2-\u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2) \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 4 \u03bcm). \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"1456\" data-end=\"1607\"><p data-start=\"1459\" data-end=\"1607\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2. \u0397 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b7.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"1609\" data-end=\"1869\">\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 PCB \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-assembly\/smt-assembly\/\">SMT<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-assembly\/bga-assmebly\/\">BGA<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b2\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 vias. \u0397 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2:<\/p><ol data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"2438\"><li data-start=\"1871\" data-end=\"2089\"><p data-start=\"1874\" data-end=\"2089\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf via \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 via \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 pad BGA. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03c1\u03cd\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 BGA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2090\" data-end=\"2135\"><p data-start=\"2093\" data-end=\"2135\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 via.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2136\" data-end=\"2267\"><p data-start=\"2139\" data-end=\"2267\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 pick-and-place \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc \u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2268\" data-end=\"2358\"><p data-start=\"2271\" data-end=\"2358\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c1\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf via \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2359\" data-end=\"2438\"><p data-start=\"2362\" data-end=\"2438\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3391\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cross-section-Showing-Incomplete-Resin-Plugging-in-PCB-via.webp\" alt=\"Cross-section Showing Incomplete Resin Plugging in PCB via\" width=\"600\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cross-section-Showing-Incomplete-Resin-Plugging-in-PCB-via.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Cross-section-Showing-Incomplete-Resin-Plugging-in-PCB-via-300x214.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p><h2 data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2473\">\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 Vias<\/h2><ol data-start=\"2475\" data-end=\"3322\"><li data-start=\"2475\" data-end=\"2594\"><p data-start=\"2478\" data-end=\"2594\">\u03a3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 BGA, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd vias. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2595\" data-end=\"2759\"><p data-start=\"2598\" data-end=\"2759\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 vias \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 HDI, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 prepreg \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 via.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2760\" data-end=\"2849\"><p data-start=\"2763\" data-end=\"2849\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"2850\" data-end=\"3322\"><p data-start=\"2853\" data-end=\"3322\">\u03a4\u03b1 vias \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd BGA. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae BGA, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 via \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf pad \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf BGA \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf via \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03be\u03c9, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 via \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf pad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 pad. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 VIP (via in pad). \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 via \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf pad \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf pad.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><h2 data-start=\"3324\" data-end=\"3360\">\u03a1\u03bf\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 Vias \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7<\/h2><p data-start=\"3362\" data-end=\"3395\">\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7:<\/p><ol data-start=\"3396\" data-end=\"3517\"><li data-start=\"3396\" data-end=\"3411\"><p data-start=\"3399\" data-end=\"3411\">\u03a4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3412\" data-end=\"3447\"><p data-start=\"3415\" data-end=\"3447\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3448\" data-end=\"3482\"><p data-start=\"3451\" data-end=\"3482\">\u0393\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cd\u03c0\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3483\" data-end=\"3517\"><p data-start=\"3486\" data-end=\"3517\">\u0391\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae \u03c6\u03c1\u03b5\u03b6\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5).<\/p><\/li><\/ol><p data-start=\"3519\" data-end=\"3815\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 vias \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae.<\/p><p data-start=\"3817\" data-end=\"3880\">\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf:<\/p><ul data-start=\"3882\" data-end=\"4159\"><li data-start=\"3882\" data-end=\"3914\"><p data-start=\"3884\" data-end=\"3914\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 VIP \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3915\" data-end=\"3945\"><p data-start=\"3917\" data-end=\"3945\">\u039f\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \/ \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"3946\" data-end=\"3999\"><p data-start=\"3948\" data-end=\"3999\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 pad \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4000\" data-end=\"4039\"><p data-start=\"4002\" data-end=\"4039\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4040\" data-end=\"4056\"><p data-start=\"4042\" data-end=\"4056\">\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4057\" data-end=\"4118\"><p data-start=\"4059\" data-end=\"4118\">\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 NG, OK \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4119\" data-end=\"4134\"><p data-start=\"4121\" data-end=\"4134\">\u0394\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 IPQC<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4135\" data-end=\"4159\"><p data-start=\"4137\" data-end=\"4159\">\u039b\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h3 data-start=\"4161\" data-end=\"4201\">\u0395\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3><ol data-start=\"4202\" data-end=\"4292\"><li data-start=\"4202\" data-end=\"4292\"><p data-start=\"4206\" data-end=\"4292\">\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd PTH \u2264 6:1:<\/p><\/li><\/ol><ul data-start=\"4293\" data-end=\"4866\"><li data-start=\"4293\" data-end=\"4622\"><p data-start=\"4295\" data-end=\"4622\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9: \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae PTH \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5-\u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae, \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 plug-in, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae PTH \u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 PTH.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4623\" data-end=\"4866\"><p data-start=\"4625\" data-end=\"4866\">\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2192 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf-\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cc\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae AOI \u2192 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><ol start=\"2\" data-start=\"4868\" data-end=\"4934\"><li data-start=\"4868\" data-end=\"4934\"><p data-start=\"4872\" data-end=\"4934\">\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd PTH &gt; 6:1:<\/p><\/li><\/ol><ul data-start=\"4935\" data-end=\"5404\"><li data-start=\"4935\" data-end=\"5404\"><p data-start=\"4937\" data-end=\"5404\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &gt; 6:1, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb, \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03cd\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a1\u03bf\u03ae:<br \/>\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2192 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf-\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cc\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><ol start=\"3\" data-start=\"5406\" data-end=\"5510\"><li data-start=\"5406\" data-end=\"5510\"><p data-start=\"5410\" data-end=\"5510\">\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u0394\u0395\u039d \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u2265 a \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd PTH \u2264 6:1:<\/p><\/li><\/ol><ul data-start=\"5511\" data-end=\"5768\"><li data-start=\"5511\" data-end=\"5768\"><p data-start=\"5513\" data-end=\"5768\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2192 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf-\u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae AOI \u2192 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><ol start=\"4\" data-start=\"5770\" data-end=\"5890\"><li data-start=\"5770\" data-end=\"5890\"><p data-start=\"5774\" data-end=\"5890\">\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u0394\u0395\u039d \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bc, \u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2\/\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf <a> 6:1:<\/p><\/li><\/ol><ul data-start=\"5891\" data-end=\"6214\"><li data-start=\"5891\" data-end=\"6214\"><p data-start=\"5893\" data-end=\"6214\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2192 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad \u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u2192 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c1 \u2192 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u2192 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u2192 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u2192 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf \u2192 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u2192 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae AOI \u2192 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"6216\" data-end=\"6249\">\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/h2><h2 data-start=\"6251\" data-end=\"6278\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/h2><p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6521\">\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7-\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7. \u0397 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 100%. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p><p data-start=\"6279\" data-end=\"6521\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3392\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Plugged-Via-Cross-section.webp\" alt=\"Resin Plugged Via Cross-section\" width=\"347\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Plugged-Via-Cross-section.webp 347w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Resin-Plugged-Via-Cross-section-300x271.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><\/p><h3 data-start=\"6523\" data-end=\"6552\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9<\/h3><ul data-start=\"6553\" data-end=\"6857\"><li data-start=\"6553\" data-end=\"6597\"><p data-start=\"6555\" data-end=\"6597\">\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03ad\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6598\" data-end=\"6645\"><p data-start=\"6600\" data-end=\"6645\">\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6646\" data-end=\"6716\"><p data-start=\"6648\" data-end=\"6716\">\u039f \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6717\" data-end=\"6788\"><p data-start=\"6719\" data-end=\"6788\">\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6789\" data-end=\"6857\"><p data-start=\"6791\" data-end=\"6857\">\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"6859\" data-end=\"6895\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/h2><ul data-start=\"6897\" data-end=\"7495\"><li data-start=\"6897\" data-end=\"7075\"><p data-start=\"6899\" data-end=\"7075\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 VIP (via in pad), \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 via \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf pad \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7076\" data-end=\"7186\"><p data-start=\"7078\" data-end=\"7186\">\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b8\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03c5\u03c6\u03bb\u03ac vias, \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7187\" data-end=\"7286\"><p data-start=\"7189\" data-end=\"7286\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bb \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7287\" data-end=\"7414\"><p data-start=\"7289\" data-end=\"7414\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03af\u03b1 IPQC \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03bb \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7415\" data-end=\"7495\"><p data-start=\"7417\" data-end=\"7495\">\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 AOI \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><h2 data-start=\"7497\" data-end=\"7506\">\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/h2><p data-start=\"7507\" data-end=\"7824\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">\u0397 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 HDI \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 BGA. \u0392\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 VIP \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 BGA.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\"><div class=\"text-center\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/article><div class=\"pointer-events-none h-px w-px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-edge=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Background The resin-filled via process is used more and more in PCB making. It is common in boards with many [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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class=\\\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:--spacing(4)] thread-sm:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(6)] thread-lg:[--thread-content-margin:--spacing(16)] px-(--thread-content-margin)\\\"><div class=\\\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-sm:[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] thread-lg:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\\\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\\\" tabindex=\\\"-1\\\"><div class=\\\"flex max-w-full flex-col grow\\\"><div class=\\\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5\\\" dir=\\\"auto\\\" data-message-author-role=\\\"assistant\\\" data-message-id=\\\"e7184377-290d-4c6e-971e-0d180ac1744f\\\" data-message-model-slug=\\\"gpt-5-t-mini\\\"><div class=\\\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\\\"><div class=\\\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert w-full break-words dark markdown-new-styling\\\"><h2 data-start=\\\"46\\\" data-end=\\\"59\\\">Background<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"60\\\" data-end=\\\"441\\\">The resin-filled via process is used more and more in PCB making. It is common in boards with many layers and in high-precision PCBs. Resin filling can solve many problems that solder-mask plugging or lamination filler resins cannot solve. At the same time, the resins used in this process have special properties. Those properties bring many hard points in the board making steps.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"60\\\" data-end=\\\"441\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3393\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Resin-Filled-Via.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Resin-Filled Via\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"448\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"443\\\" data-end=\\\"456\\\">Definition<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"457\\\" data-end=\\\"826\\\">Resin plugging means using resin to fill buried vias on inner layers, then doing lamination. This method is widely used in high-frequency boards and HDI boards. There are two main types: traditional screen-printed resin plugging and vacuum resin plugging. Most products use the traditional screen-print resin method. This is also the most common method in the industry.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"828\\\" data-end=\\\"863\\\">What is a \\u201cplugged via\\u201d on a PCB?<\\\/h2><h3 data-start=\\\"865\\\" data-end=\\\"898\\\">Via function and industry need<\\\/h3><p data-start=\\\"899\\\" data-end=\\\"1196\\\">A via (plated through hole, PTH) connects different layers on a board. The growth of the electronics industry pushes PCB technology forward. It also raises the need for better board making and surface mount work. The plugged via process appears to meet these needs. Plugging must meet these rules:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"1198\\\" data-end=\\\"1607\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1198\\\" data-end=\\\"1292\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1201\\\" data-end=\\\"1292\\\">The via must have copper inside. The via can be filled or not filled under the solder mask.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1293\\\" data-end=\\\"1455\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1296\\\" data-end=\\\"1455\\\">The via must have solder (tin-lead) inside with a certain thickness (for example 4 \\u03bcm). Solder mask ink must not enter the hole and cause trapped solder beads.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"1456\\\" data-end=\\\"1607\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1459\\\" data-end=\\\"1607\\\">The via must be covered by solder mask so that light cannot pass. The hole must not have solder rings or solder beads. The filled hole must be flat.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"1609\\\" data-end=\\\"1869\\\">As electronic products become lighter, thinner, shorter, and smaller, PCBs also move to high density and higher difficulty. This brings many <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-assembly\\\/smt-assembly\\\/\\\">SMT<\\\/a> and <a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/pcb-assembly\\\/bga-assmebly\\\/\\\">BGA<\\\/a> boards. When customers assemble parts, they often ask for plugged vias. Plugging serves five main purposes:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"1871\\\" data-end=\\\"2438\\\"><li data-start=\\\"1871\\\" data-end=\\\"2089\\\"><p data-start=\\\"1874\\\" data-end=\\\"2089\\\">To stop solder from passing through the via during wave solder and shorting the part side. This is key when a via is placed on a BGA pad. Then plugging is done first, then gold plating, to make BGA soldering easier.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2090\\\" data-end=\\\"2135\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2093\\\" data-end=\\\"2135\\\">To avoid flux residue left inside the via.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2136\\\" data-end=\\\"2267\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2139\\\" data-end=\\\"2267\\\">To allow vacuum pick-and-place or vacuum test steps after surface mount and assembly. A sealed top is needed for vacuum to work.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2268\\\" data-end=\\\"2358\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2271\\\" data-end=\\\"2358\\\">To stop paste from flowing into the via and cause weak solder joints or poor placement.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2359\\\" data-end=\\\"2438\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2362\\\" data-end=\\\"2438\\\">To stop solder balls from popping out during wave solder and causing shorts.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3391\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Cross-section-Showing-Incomplete-Resin-Plugging-in-PCB-via.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Cross-section Showing Incomplete Resin Plugging in PCB via\\\" width=\\\"600\\\" height=\\\"427\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"2440\\\" data-end=\\\"2473\\\">Advantages of Resin-Filled Vias<\\\/h2><ol data-start=\\\"2475\\\" data-end=\\\"3322\\\"><li data-start=\\\"2475\\\" data-end=\\\"2594\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2478\\\" data-end=\\\"2594\\\">On multi-layer boards with BGA, resin plugging can reduce the gap between vias. This helps routing and trace layout.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2595\\\" data-end=\\\"2759\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2598\\\" data-end=\\\"2759\\\">For buried vias in inner HDI layers, resin fill helps balance the thickness control of the prepreg during lamination and the resin fill design of the buried via.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2760\\\" data-end=\\\"2849\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2763\\\" data-end=\\\"2849\\\">For thick boards with large through holes, resin filling improves product reliability.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"2850\\\" data-end=\\\"3322\\\"><p data-start=\\\"2853\\\" data-end=\\\"3322\\\">Resin-filled vias are often used because of BGA parts. In traditional BGA, a via may route from pad to the back side. If the BGA is dense and the via cannot route out, you can drill a via in the pad and route to another layer. Then you fill the hole with resin and plate copper to make it a pad. This is called the VIP process (via in pad). If you drill a via in the pad and do not use resin fill, solder may leak and cause a back-side short or a poor joint on the pad.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><h2 data-start=\\\"3324\\\" data-end=\\\"3360\\\">Process Flow for Resin-Filled Vias<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"3362\\\" data-end=\\\"3395\\\">General resin-filled via process:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"3396\\\" data-end=\\\"3517\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3396\\\" data-end=\\\"3411\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3399\\\" data-end=\\\"3411\\\">Drill holes.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3412\\\" data-end=\\\"3447\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3415\\\" data-end=\\\"3447\\\">Plate through holes with copper.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3448\\\" data-end=\\\"3482\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3451\\\" data-end=\\\"3482\\\">Fill holes with resin and bake.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3483\\\" data-end=\\\"3517\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3486\\\" data-end=\\\"3517\\\">Grind or mill flat (planarize).<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><p data-start=\\\"3519\\\" data-end=\\\"3815\\\">After grinding, the resin part has no copper. Then a new copper plating step is needed to turn the filled area into a pad. This plating step is done before the normal drilling for other holes. In short, handle the vias that will be filled first, then drill other holes and follow the normal flow.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3817\\\" data-end=\\\"3880\\\">Below are some key steps and stations you may see in a factory:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"3882\\\" data-end=\\\"4159\\\"><li data-start=\\\"3882\\\" data-end=\\\"3914\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3884\\\" data-end=\\\"3914\\\">VIP plating and panel grinding<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3915\\\" data-end=\\\"3945\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3917\\\" data-end=\\\"3945\\\">Aluminum sheet screen \\\/ pads<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"3946\\\" data-end=\\\"3999\\\"><p data-start=\\\"3948\\\" data-end=\\\"3999\\\">Mount aluminum sheet and pad board for board making<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4000\\\" data-end=\\\"4039\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4002\\\" data-end=\\\"4039\\\">Test print film alignment and mix ink<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4040\\\" data-end=\\\"4056\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4042\\\" data-end=\\\"4056\\\">Trial printing<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4057\\\" data-end=\\\"4118\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4059\\\" data-end=\\\"4118\\\">NG line self-check, OK for batch production, section curing<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4119\\\" data-end=\\\"4134\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4121\\\" data-end=\\\"4134\\\">IPQC sampling<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4135\\\" data-end=\\\"4159\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4137\\\" data-end=\\\"4159\\\">Ceramic panel grinding<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h3 data-start=\\\"4161\\\" data-end=\\\"4201\\\">Outer layer and photo film conditions<\\\/h3><ol data-start=\\\"4202\\\" data-end=\\\"4292\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4202\\\" data-end=\\\"4292\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4206\\\" data-end=\\\"4292\\\">If the outer layer work meets the negative film limits and the PTH aspect ratio \\u2264 6:1:<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><ul data-start=\\\"4293\\\" data-end=\\\"4866\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4293\\\" data-end=\\\"4622\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4295\\\" data-end=\\\"4622\\\">Conditions to meet: line width and gap are large enough, maximum PTH hole is smaller than the dry film seal limit, board thickness is less than the dry film max thickness, and there are no special requirements like local electroless gold, nickel-gold boards, half-hole boards, plug-in boards, no annular PTH, or PTH slot holes.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4623\\\" data-end=\\\"4866\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4625\\\" data-end=\\\"4866\\\">Standard inner layer making \\u2192 lamination \\u2192 brown oxide \\u2192 laser drilling \\u2192 de-brown \\u2192 outer drilling \\u2192 immersion copper \\u2192 panel fill electroplating \\u2192 cross-section analysis \\u2192 outer pattern \\u2192 outer acidic etch \\u2192 outer AOI \\u2192 follow normal flow.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><ol start=\\\"2\\\" data-start=\\\"4868\\\" data-end=\\\"4934\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4868\\\" data-end=\\\"4934\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4872\\\" data-end=\\\"4934\\\">If outer layer meets negative film but PTH aspect ratio &gt; 6:1:<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><ul data-start=\\\"4935\\\" data-end=\\\"5404\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4935\\\" data-end=\\\"5404\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4937\\\" data-end=\\\"5404\\\">When aspect ratio &gt; 6:1, full panel via fill plating cannot reach the required copper thickness in the via. After panel fill plating, a second full-board electroplating is needed to increase via copper thickness. Flow:<br \\\/>inner layer making \\u2192 lamination \\u2192 brown oxide \\u2192 laser drilling \\u2192 de-brown \\u2192 outer drilling \\u2192 immersion copper \\u2192 panel fill electroplating \\u2192 full-panel electroplate \\u2192 cross-section analysis \\u2192 outer pattern \\u2192 outer acidic etch \\u2192 follow normal flow.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><ol start=\\\"3\\\" data-start=\\\"5406\\\" data-end=\\\"5510\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5406\\\" data-end=\\\"5510\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5410\\\" data-end=\\\"5510\\\">If outer layer does NOT meet negative film, but line width\\\/gap \\u2265 a and outer PTH aspect ratio \\u2264 6:1:<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><ul data-start=\\\"5511\\\" data-end=\\\"5768\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5511\\\" data-end=\\\"5768\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5513\\\" data-end=\\\"5768\\\">inner layer making \\u2192 lamination \\u2192 brown oxide \\u2192 laser drilling \\u2192 de-brown \\u2192 outer drilling \\u2192 immersion copper \\u2192 panel fill electroplating \\u2192 cross-section analysis \\u2192 outer pattern \\u2192 outer electroplate \\u2192 outer alkaline etch \\u2192 outer AOI \\u2192 follow normal flow.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><ol start=\\\"4\\\" data-start=\\\"5770\\\" data-end=\\\"5890\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5770\\\" data-end=\\\"5890\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5774\\\" data-end=\\\"5890\\\">If outer layer does NOT meet negative film, or line width\\\/gap &lt; a, or line width\\\/gap \\u2265 a but PTH aspect ratio &gt; 6:1:<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><ul data-start=\\\"5891\\\" data-end=\\\"6214\\\"><li data-start=\\\"5891\\\" data-end=\\\"6214\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5893\\\" data-end=\\\"6214\\\">inner layer making \\u2192 lamination \\u2192 brown oxide \\u2192 laser drilling \\u2192 de-brown \\u2192 immersion copper \\u2192 panel fill electroplating \\u2192 cross-section analysis \\u2192 copper reduction \\u2192 outer drilling \\u2192 immersion copper \\u2192 full-panel electroplate \\u2192 outer pattern \\u2192 pattern electroplate \\u2192 outer alkaline etch \\u2192 outer AOI \\u2192 follow normal flow.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"6216\\\" data-end=\\\"6249\\\">Cross-Section and Quality Notes<\\\/h2><h2 data-start=\\\"6251\\\" data-end=\\\"6278\\\">Resin plug cross-section<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"6279\\\" data-end=\\\"6521\\\">From cross-section analysis, a good resin-ink plugged via shows full resin fill. The resin fills the hole to 100%. The resin surface at top and bottom is evenly slightly convex. After this, ceramic panel grinding is used to level the surface.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"6279\\\" data-end=\\\"6521\\\"><img class=\\\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3392\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/09\\\/Resin-Plugged-Via-Cross-section.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Resin Plugged Via Cross-section\\\" width=\\\"347\\\" height=\\\"313\\\" \\\/><\\\/p><h3 data-start=\\\"6523\\\" data-end=\\\"6552\\\">Filling quality and checks<\\\/h3><ul data-start=\\\"6553\\\" data-end=\\\"6857\\\"><li data-start=\\\"6553\\\" data-end=\\\"6597\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6555\\\" data-end=\\\"6597\\\">The resin fill must be full with no voids.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6598\\\" data-end=\\\"6645\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6600\\\" data-end=\\\"6645\\\">The plug surface must be flat after grinding.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6646\\\" data-end=\\\"6716\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6648\\\" data-end=\\\"6716\\\">The via copper must meet thickness rules after final electroplating.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6717\\\" data-end=\\\"6788\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6719\\\" data-end=\\\"6788\\\">Check for trapped solder balls or solder rings. These must not exist.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6789\\\" data-end=\\\"6857\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6791\\\" data-end=\\\"6857\\\">Check that the plug is not light-transmitting after mask or cover.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"6859\\\" data-end=\\\"6895\\\">Practical Notes and Best Practices<\\\/h2><ul data-start=\\\"6897\\\" data-end=\\\"7495\\\"><li data-start=\\\"6897\\\" data-end=\\\"7075\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6899\\\" data-end=\\\"7075\\\">For VIP (via in pad) work, do the via filling and make the pad on those spots before normal drilling and other steps. This prevents mis-process and helps final plating quality.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7076\\\" data-end=\\\"7186\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7078\\\" data-end=\\\"7186\\\">When a board has many buried or blind vias, plan the pad and fill steps to keep lamination thickness stable.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7187\\\" data-end=\\\"7286\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7189\\\" data-end=\\\"7286\\\">Use proper resin type and curing profile. Resin choice affects flow, cure, and grinding behavior.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7287\\\" data-end=\\\"7414\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7289\\\" data-end=\\\"7414\\\">Use IPQC sampling and cross-section checks after the panel fill step to confirm copper inside the via and resin fill quality.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7415\\\" data-end=\\\"7495\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7417\\\" data-end=\\\"7495\\\">Use AOI and other final tests to ensure no solder mask or paste issues remain.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><h2 data-start=\\\"7497\\\" data-end=\\\"7506\\\">Summary<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"7507\\\" data-end=\\\"7824\\\" data-is-last-node=\\\"\\\" data-is-only-node=\\\"\\\">Resin-filled via is a key process for modern HDI and BGA boards. It helps routing, improves reliability, and protects against solder defects. It requires careful control of drilling, plating, resin filling, baking, and grinding. When planned well, resin plugging lets you use VIP designs and meet tight BGA pad needs.<\\\/p><\\\/div><\\\/div><\\\/div><\\\/div><div class=\\\"flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\\\">\\u00a0<\\\/div><div class=\\\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\\\"><div class=\\\"text-center\\\">\\u00a0<\\\/div><\\\/div><\\\/div><\\\/div><\\\/article><div class=\\\"pointer-events-none h-px w-px\\\" aria-hidden=\\\"true\\\" 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