{"id":4732,"date":"2026-02-27T06:10:50","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T06:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4732"},"modified":"2026-02-27T06:10:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T06:10:54","slug":"how-to-select-pcb-copper-thickness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/how-to-select-pcb-copper-thickness\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd PCB"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03cc, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7, \u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 PCB;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd: oz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd PCB \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 oz (\u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac). \u0397 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<br>1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u2248 28,35 g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 PCB, 1 oz \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 1 oz \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b9 (ft\u00b2). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 35 \u03bcm. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf:<br>1 oz = 28,35 g \/ ft\u00b2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5 1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1: 28,35 g.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd: 8,93 g\/cm\u00b3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 ft\u00b2 = 929,03 cm\u00b2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 cm = \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1 \/ (\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u00d7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1)<br>= 28,35 \/ (8,93 \u00d7 929,03) cm<br>= 28,35 \/ 82973,558 \u2248 0,00341721 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 (\u03bcm): 0,00341721 cm = 0,00341721 \u00d7 10.000 \u03bcm = 34,17 \u03bcm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, 1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u2248 <strong>34,17 \u03bcm<\/strong>. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03b3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 <strong>35 \u03bcm<\/strong>. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, 34,17 \u03bcm = 0,03417 mm. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 mil = 0,0254 mm, \u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u2248 1,345 mil. \u039f\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5 <strong>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm \u2248 1.35 mil<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 PCB \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>0.5 oz \u2248 17.5 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 oz \u2248 70 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3 oz \u2248 105 \u03bcm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-manufacturer\/multilayer-pcb\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-manufacturer\/multilayer-pcb\/\">PCB \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>35 \u03bcm (1 oz)<\/strong> \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2. \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd <strong>50 \u03bcm<\/strong> \u03ae <strong>70 \u03bcm<\/strong> \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac <strong>35 \u03bcm (1 oz)<\/strong>. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac <strong>17,5 \u03bcm (0,5 oz)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <strong>3 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u0399\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 (A) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (mm) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd <strong>70 \u03bcm<\/strong>, <strong>50 \u03bcm<\/strong>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <strong>35 \u03bcm<\/strong>. \u0397 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 t = 10 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong> \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac <strong>50%<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 (A) \/ \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (mm) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 70 \u03bcm<\/th><th>\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 (A) \/ \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (mm) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 50 \u03bcm<\/th><th>\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 (A) \/ \u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (mm) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 35 \u03bcm<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>6,00 A - 2,50 mm<\/td><td>5,10 A - 2,50 mm<\/td><td>4,50 A - 2,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,10 A - 2,00 mm<\/td><td>4,30 A - 2,00 mm<\/td><td>4,00 A - 2,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4,20 A - 1,50 mm<\/td><td>3,50 A - 1,50 mm<\/td><td>3,20 A - 1,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,60 A - 1,20 mm<\/td><td>3,00 A - 1,20 mm<\/td><td>2,70 A - 1,20 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,20 A - 1,00 mm<\/td><td>2,60 A - 1,00 mm<\/td><td>2,30 A - 1,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,80 A - 0,80 mm<\/td><td>2,40 A - 0,80 mm<\/td><td>2,00 A - 0,80 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,30 A - 0,60 mm<\/td><td>1,90 A - 0,60 mm<\/td><td>1,60 A - 0,60 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,00 A - 0,50 mm<\/td><td>1,70 A - 0,50 mm<\/td><td>1,35 A - 0,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,70 A - 0,40 mm<\/td><td>1,35 A - 0,40 mm<\/td><td>1,10 A - 0,40 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,30 A - 0,30 mm<\/td><td>1,10 A - 0,30 mm<\/td><td>0,80 A - 0,30 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,90 A - 0,20 mm<\/td><td>0,70 A - 0,20 mm<\/td><td>0,55 A - 0,20 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,70 A - 0,15 mm<\/td><td>0,50 A - 0,15 mm<\/td><td>0,20 A - 0,15 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac 50% \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>0,03 mm (30 \u03bcm)<\/strong>. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 W (mm) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 L (mm), \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 DC \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc: \u039f \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c8\u03cd\u03be\u03b7. \u0388\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u2248 0,15 \u00d7 W (A). \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7: \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd <strong>35 \u03bcm<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 <strong>1 mm<\/strong>. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0395\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd = \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u00d7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 = 0,035 mm \u00d7 1 mm = 0,035 mm\u00b2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 <strong>30 A\/mm\u00b2<\/strong>, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac 1 mm \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u2248 30 \u00d7 0,035 = 1,05 A. \u0386\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 1 A \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac mm \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 IPC \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electronics.org\/TOC\/IPC-2152.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC-2152<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/standards.globalspec.com\/std\/155369\/ipc-d-275\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/standards.globalspec.com\/std\/155369\/ipc-d-275\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC-D-275<\/a> \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 IPC-D-275 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7: (\u0394T^0,5453) \u00d7 (A^0,7349)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7: (\u0394T^0,4281) \u00d7 (A^0,6732)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394T \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u00b0C.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 mil\u00b2 (\u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5). \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 IPC \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u03a0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc PCB, \u03b7 \u201c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd - \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u201d \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.1 \u0392\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd (\u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1: oz\/ft\u00b2 (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, 0,5 oz, 1 oz, 2 oz, 3 oz).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm \u2248 1,35 mil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1: \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u039f \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae: \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7: \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2: \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.2 \u0394\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac (Dk \u03ae \u03b5r): \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c6\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 (Df): \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 (H): \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03bf H \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CTE \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Tg: \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1.<br>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac: <strong>fr4<\/strong> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7, fr4 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03a4g \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. Rogers).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.3 \u039a\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: (87 \/ sqrt(\u03b5r_eff + 1,41)) * ln(5,98H \/ (0,8W + T)) \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 Z0 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5r_eff \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac, H \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, W \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, T \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0395\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc (\u2265 2 oz) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.4 \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039f \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 (\u2265 3 oz) \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. \u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>\u03a3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/th><th>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/th><th>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/th><th>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u03a8\u03b7\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (&gt;5 Gbps)<\/td><td>0,5 oz - 1 oz<\/td><td>FR4 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 Df \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rogerscorp.com\/advanced-electronics-solutions\/ro4000-series-laminates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rogers RO4000<\/a><\/td><td>\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2\/\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/td><td>2 oz - 6 oz+<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/fr-4-pcb-guide-properties-limits-material-choices\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4641\">FR4<\/a> \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \/ \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>RF \/ \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (&gt;10 GHz)<\/td><td>0,5 oz (\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1)<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rogerscorp.com\/advanced-electronics-solutions\/ro3000-series-laminates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rogers RO3000<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-substrate-classification-and-material-properties\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4685\">\u03a4\u03b5\u03c6\u03bb\u03cc\u03bd (PTFE)<\/a><\/td><td>\u0395\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c6\u03ad \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 RF.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0393\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/td><td>1 \u03bf\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03ac<\/td><td>\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf FR4<\/td><td>\u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 HDI \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/td><td>0,5 oz - 1 oz<\/td><td>FR4 \u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a4g\/\u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 CTE<\/td><td>\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ad\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. \u03a0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2: \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc Dk \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac Dk \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Df, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7:<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 1 oz) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. What is copper foil? Copper foil is a thin, continuous metal sheet. It is an electro-deposited, negative-type material. The [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4733,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4732","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"spectra_custom_meta":{"_edit_lock":["1772173238:1"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"rank_math_seo_score":["23"],"rank_math_title":["%title%"],"_thumbnail_id":["4733"],"_uag_custom_page_level_css":[""],"site-sidebar-layout":["default"],"site-content-layout":[""],"ast-site-content-layout":["default"],"site-content-style":["default"],"site-sidebar-style":["default"],"ast-global-header-display":[""],"ast-banner-title-visibility":[""],"ast-main-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-above-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-below-header-display":[""],"ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":[""],"site-post-title":[""],"ast-breadcrumbs-content":[""],"ast-featured-img":[""],"footer-sml-layout":[""],"theme-transparent-header-meta":[""],"adv-header-id-meta":[""],"stick-header-meta":[""],"header-above-stick-meta":[""],"header-main-stick-meta":[""],"header-below-stick-meta":[""],"astra-migrate-meta-layouts":["default"],"ast-page-background-enabled":["default"],"ast-page-background-meta":["a:3:{s:7:\"desktop\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-5)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"tablet\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"mobile\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"ast-content-background-meta":["a:3:{s:7:\"desktop\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"tablet\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}s:6:\"mobile\";a:12:{s:16:\"background-color\";s:25:\"var(--ast-global-color-4)\";s:16:\"background-image\";s:0:\"\";s:17:\"background-repeat\";s:6:\"repeat\";s:19:\"background-position\";s:13:\"center center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":[""],"_elementor_template_type":[""],"_elementor_data":[""],"_elementor_conditions":["a:0:{}"],"rank_math_primary_category":["1"],"_edit_last":["1"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-4732.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-4732.js"],"_elementor_page_assets":["a:0:{}"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness.webp",800,532,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness-150x150.webp",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness-300x200.webp",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness-768x511.webp",768,511,true],"large":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness.webp",800,532,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness.webp",800,532,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness.webp",800,532,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/How-to-Select-PCB-Copper-Thickness-18x12.webp",18,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":1,"uagb_excerpt":"1. What is copper foil? Copper foil is a thin, continuous metal sheet. It is an electro-deposited, negative-type material. The [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4732","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4732"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4732\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4734,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4732\/revisions\/4734"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4732"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4732"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4732"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}