{"id":4880,"date":"2026-04-30T07:07:36","date_gmt":"2026-04-30T07:07:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4880"},"modified":"2026-04-30T07:07:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T07:07:38","slug":"how-to-design-a-pcb-so-a-manufacturer-wont-reject-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/how-to-design-a-pcb-so-a-manufacturer-wont-reject-it\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 PCB (\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2. \u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03cc\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03af\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-0-what-designing-a-circuit-board-actually-includes\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf \u201c\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5 \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/pcb-design\/\">\u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 PCB<\/a>\u201d \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1. \u039c\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03ba\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd (\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039d\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 2 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 8 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf CAD PCB. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9... \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-1-step-1-start-with-clear-requirements-this-saves-you-later\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 1: \u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 (\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ce\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf KiCad \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf Altium \u03ae \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5; \u039a\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af; \u0392\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, standoffs, \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03c2;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1; \u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, RF, \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd. \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af, \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-2-step-2-capture-the-schematic-and-make-it-readable\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 2: \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 PCB \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1. \u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039f\u03bc\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1: \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, MCU, \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1. \u0398\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0392\u03ac\u03bb\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03c9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd. \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 USB \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"566\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-schematic.webp\" alt=\"PCB schematic\" class=\"wp-image-4882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-schematic.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-schematic-300x212.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-schematic-768x543.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-schematic-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-3-a-quick-sanity-pass-before-moving-on\">\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0388\u03c7\u03c9 pullups \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 pulldowns \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 LED;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2; \u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 TVS \u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-4-step-3-choose-components-that-exist-in-real-life\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 3: \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae, \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039c\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 (\u03c4\u03bf 0603 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf 0402 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf QFN \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039f\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2. \u039f \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-5-step-4-footprints-the-place-where-mistakes-get-expensive\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 4: \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c4\u03bf SOIC \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 TSSOP, \u03c4\u03bf QFN \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-6-i-like-to-do-this-one-simple-check\">\u039c\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 1:1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.pcb.cadence.com\/blog\/pcb-inspection-checklist-before-and-after-fab\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 PCB<\/a> \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-7-step-5-set-up-the-board-outline-and-layer-stack\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 5: \u03a1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 PCB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03ba\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039f\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd (USB \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-stackup.webp\" alt=\"PCB stackup\" class=\"wp-image-4881\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-stackup.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-stackup-300x191.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-stackup-768x490.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/PCB-stackup-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-8-2-layers-vs-4-layers\">2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 vs 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, 2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (USB 2.0, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, DDR \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03bf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 BGAs \u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0398\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1, \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2, \u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-9-step-6-place-components-like-you-mean-it\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 6: \u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac, \u03bb\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 LED, \u03bf\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba: \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03af, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 op, \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-10-placement-tips-that-prevent-noise-and-weirdness\">\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.altium.com\/p\/bypass-and-decoupling-capacitor-placement-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u201c\u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u201d. \u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd MCU \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 vias \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b6\u03bb \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-11-step-7-define-design-rules-early-clearance-widths-via-sizes\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 7: \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 (\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1, \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf PCB \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/networkpcb.com\/manufacturing\/design-limit\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2: 6 mil \u03ae 8 mil \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf: 6 mil \u03ae 8 mil<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039c\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd: 0,3 mm \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf 0,6 mm (\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2: \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae fab \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1, \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-12-trace-width-for-current\">\u03a0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03ac. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 1\u0391 \u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 6 mil \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5. \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/tracewidthcalculator.com\/differential-impedance-calculator\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a> \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc. \u0389 \u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c8\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bb\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-13-step-8-route-the-board-and-try-to-keep-it-calm\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 8: \u0394\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-14-suggested-routing-order\">\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03b9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039a\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u038c\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-15-ground-strategy\">\u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03cc\u03c2. \u0394\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 vias.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-16-a-few-routing-habits-that-help\">\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 45 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03c4\u03cc\u03be\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1. \u038c\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 90 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03bb\u03b1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd vias \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u039b\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-17-differential-pairs-usb-etc\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 (USB \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 USB D+ \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 D-, \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/resources.pcb.cadence.com\/blog\/2024-controlled-impedance-design-guide-cadence\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2<\/a>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf CAD \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1\u03be\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03be\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 freestyle \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-18-step-9-add-copper-pours-thermal-relief-and-stitching-vias\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 9: \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf vias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bb\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0393\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 (\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bf GND)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03b8\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-19-step-10-silkscreen-make-the-board-friendly\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 10: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03af\u03b1. \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039a\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 (R1, C5, U2) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, LED<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd. TX, RX, 5V, GND, \u03ba.\u03bb\u03c0.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u038c\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c8\u03af\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c8\u03c9\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0398\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-20-step-11-run-checks-before-you-export-anything\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 11: \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf CAD \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ERC \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 (\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DRC \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf PCB (\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c9\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03cd\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 TX \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 RX. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03af\u03b1;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-21-step-12-generate-manufacturing-files-gerbers-drills-and-notes\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 12: \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 (Gerbers, \u03c4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 PCB \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/learn.sparkfun.com\/tutorials\/beginners-guide-to-kicad\/exporting-gerbers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Gerber<\/a> (\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf Gerber zip)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (Excellon)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Readme \u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7: (\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03c2), \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1. \u039f\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u201cfinal final v7\u201d \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-22-step-13-prototype-like-you-expect-problems-because-there-will-be-some\">\u0392\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 13: \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1. \u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u201c\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 PCB \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u039b\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ae \u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0388\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 pullup \u03ae pull down<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae (\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0396\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0396\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0391\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-23-a-simple-tool-stack-that-works-if-you-are-picking-software\">\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af (\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kicad.org\/discover\/gerber-viewer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">KiCad<\/a>: \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>EasyEDA: \u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c6\u03bf<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Altium: \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf, \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Autodesk Fusion electronics: \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf KiCad \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-24-common-beginner-mistakes-that-are-weirdly-easy-to-avoid\">\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-25-forgetting-decoupling-capacitors\">\u039e\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03b6\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd 0,1uF \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 4,7uF \u03ae 10uF). \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-26-trusting-random-footprints\">\u0395\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-27-putting-the-programming-header-somewhere-impossible\">\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 flash firmware, \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 1 mm \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-28-no-test-points\">\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 GND, 3V3, 5V, RX, TX. \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-29-switching-regulator-layout-just-routed\">\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u201c\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf. \u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-30-final-thought-and-the-part-where-you-actually-get-boards-made\">\u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03ba\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 (\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 PCB \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Gerbers \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a8\u03ac\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 PCB;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/el\/contact\/\">Philifast\u00a0<\/a>\u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-31-faqs-frequently-asked-questions\">FAQs (\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-32-what-are-the-key-steps-involved-in-designing-a-pcb-from-schematic-to-finished-board\">\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 PCB \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 PCB \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd: \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-33-why-is-it-important-to-start-pcb-design-with-clear-requirements\">\u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc PCB \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u0393\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 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\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd), \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 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\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2- \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 pinouts \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cd\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-35-what-should-i-consider-when-choosing-components-for-my-pcb\">\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03c9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf PCB \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u0394\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 (\u03c4\u03bf 0603 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf- \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ad\u03b8\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 0402 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf QFN \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae), \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u2018\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u2019 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-36-how-do-i-ensure-my-footprints-match-the-actual-physical-parts-correctly\">\u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. SOIC \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 TSSOP)- \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2- \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 1:1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"heading-37-when-should-i-choose-a-4-layer-pcb-over-a-2-layer-one\">\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 PCB 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 PCB 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 (\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 USB 2.0 \u03ae DDR), \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 BGAs \u03ae \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03af\u03b2\u03b1 4 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If you have ever looked at a circuit board and thought, yeah I could never do that. You can. 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