{"id":1901,"date":"2025-08-25T02:00:37","date_gmt":"2025-08-25T02:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=1901"},"modified":"2025-09-25T06:39:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-25T06:39:58","slug":"flexible-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-manufacturer\/flexible-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1901\" class=\"elementor elementor-1901\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cac97a5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cac97a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3d994b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3d994b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"429\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in linh ho\u1ea1t, m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u00e2y d\u1ebbo. Nh\u01b0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n, k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n theo ba chi\u1ec1u. B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 polyimide ho\u1eb7c polyester. Ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p><p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"933\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flexible_electronics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">M\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo (FPC) c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950<\/a>, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt in v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn ph\u1eb3ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n d\u1ebbo nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m d\u00e2y d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">.<\/span>\u00a0C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng polyester ho\u1eb7c polyimide l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m nh\u1ef1a m\u1ecfng, nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau trong kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1eb9p. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong, g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn. M\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9, chi\u1ebfm \u00edt kh\u00f4ng gian, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u0169.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1966\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1966\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1966 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/flex-pcb.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB sample\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/flex-pcb.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/flex-pcb-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1966\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in linh ho\u1ea1t c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong.<\/figcaption><\/figure><p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"933\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">M\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t bao g\u1ed3m ba nh\u00f3m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 di \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n, tinh vi h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p><hr data-start=\"1515\" data-end=\"1518\" \/><h1 data-start=\"1520\" data-end=\"1552\">C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><h2 data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1575\">1. M\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2><p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1771\">L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh cho m\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e1n l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00ean l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp, l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e1n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p><p data-start=\"1773\" data-end=\"1928\">L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ch kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng khi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong. L\u1edbp d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p><p data-start=\"1930\" data-end=\"2178\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo b\u1eb1ng keo d\u00e1n.<\/p><p data-start=\"2180\" data-end=\"2429\">M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. L\u1edbp li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap k\u1ebft d\u00ednh c\u00e1c l\u1edbp l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp v\u1edbi \u00edt linh ki\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p><p data-start=\"2431\" data-end=\"2630\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng polyimide v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng polyester. Kho\u1ea3ng 80% c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng polyimide. Kho\u1ea3ng 20% s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng polyester.<\/p><p data-start=\"2632\" data-end=\"3231\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dupont.com\/electronics-industrial\/kapton-polyimide-film.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Polyimid <\/a>kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ed1ng r\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n. Polyester, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PET (polyethylene terephthalate), c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi polyimide. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng. Polyester n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 250\u00b0C v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha th\u1ee7y tinh (Tg) kho\u1ea3ng 80\u00b0C. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n h\u00e0n m\u00e9p b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch n\u1eb7ng. Trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, polyester c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, polyester v\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p><p data-start=\"3233\" data-end=\"3357\">M\u00e0ng polyimide th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi keo polyimide ho\u1eb7c keo acrylic. M\u00e0ng polyester th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi keo polyester.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1968\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1968\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1968 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Polyimide-films.webp\" alt=\"Polyimide film rolls\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Polyimide-films.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Polyimide-films-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1968\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cu\u1ed9n m\u00e0ng PI, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 data-start=\"3359\" data-end=\"3374\">2. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/h2><p data-start=\"3375\" data-end=\"3733\">T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo. T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n (ED) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7 (RA). M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00f3ng. M\u1eb7t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edd. T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1eb7t m\u1edd c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh.<\/p><p data-start=\"3735\" data-end=\"3868\">\u0110\u1ed3ng RA v\u1eeba d\u1ebbo dai v\u1eeba m\u1ecbn m\u00e0ng. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng RA r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u u\u1ed1n cong nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1964\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1964\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1964 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Copper-foil.webp\" alt=\"Copper foil processing for FPC manufacturing\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Copper-foil.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Copper-foil-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1964\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cu\u1ed9n l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft th\u00e0nh d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2 data-start=\"3870\" data-end=\"3884\">3. Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh<\/h2><p data-start=\"3885\" data-end=\"4147\">Ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u1eafn m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c thi c\u00f4ng l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh v\u00e0o m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp.<\/p><p data-start=\"4149\" data-end=\"4559\">In l\u1ee5a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 keo v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ng l\u1edbp. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gh\u00e9p l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m gh\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng keo t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m gh\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp keo c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n qua m\u1ea1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng keo ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/p><hr data-start=\"4561\" data-end=\"4564\" \/><h1 data-start=\"4566\" data-end=\"4615\">C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00e0n cho FPC (Quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n FPC)<\/h1><p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4783\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n tay chip PQFP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n SMD th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n (ESD).<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1967\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1967\" style=\"width: 700px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1967 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/FPC-soldering.webp\" alt=\"FPC assembly with soldered parts\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/FPC-soldering.webp 700w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/FPC-soldering-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1967\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/figcaption><\/figure><ol data-start=\"4785\" data-end=\"6282\"><li data-start=\"4785\" data-end=\"4938\"><p data-start=\"4788\" data-end=\"4938\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u00e0n, h\u00e3y b\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n l\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. D\u00f9ng m\u1ecf h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1 thi\u1ebfc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c chip th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4940\" data-end=\"5460\"><p data-start=\"4943\" data-end=\"5460\">D\u00f9ng nh\u00edp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn chip PQFP l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0m cong ho\u1eb7c g\u00e3y c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n chip. C\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh chip sao cho kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o chip \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng. L\u00e0m n\u00f3ng m\u1ecf h\u00e0n l\u00ean tr\u00ean 300\u00b0C. Cho m\u1ed9t \u00edt h\u00e0n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecf h\u00e0n. D\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o chip \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh. Cho m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u00e0n v\u00e0o hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau. Gi\u1eef chip v\u00e0 h\u00e0n hai ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau. Thao t\u00e1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh chip t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Sau khi hai ch\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n, ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o chip ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5766\"><p data-start=\"5465\" data-end=\"5766\">Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n, h\u00e3y b\u00f4i ch\u00ec h\u00e0n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecf h\u00e0n. B\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho ch\u00fang lu\u00f4n \u1ea9m. Ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecf h\u00e0n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i ch\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1ea5y ch\u00ec h\u00e0n ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n. Gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ecf h\u00e0n song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n b\u1ecb n\u1ed1i ch\u1eadp do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec h\u00e0n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5768\" data-end=\"6076\"><p data-start=\"5771\" data-end=\"6076\">Sau khi h\u00e0n xong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch l\u1edbp h\u00e0n. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0n th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u h\u00e0n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, d\u00f9ng nh\u00edp \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i. Khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. D\u00f9ng c\u1ed3n v\u00e0 b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i c\u1ee9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00e0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft c\u1eb7n h\u00e0n.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6078\" data-end=\"6282\"><p data-start=\"6081\" data-end=\"6282\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n SMD d\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng k\u1eb9p nh\u00edp. H\u00e0n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng, h\u00e3y h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"6284\" data-end=\"6287\" \/><h1 data-start=\"6289\" data-end=\"6345\">Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><p data-start=\"6347\" data-end=\"6628\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng (PCB c\u1ee9ng) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee7y tinh. Th\u1ee7y tinh gi\u00fap t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p. B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao.<\/p><p data-start=\"6630\" data-end=\"6927\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo (PCB) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1ebbo, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 polyimide. L\u1edbp n\u1ec1n d\u1ebbo cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ea1ch u\u1ed1n cong, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/p><p data-start=\"6929\" data-end=\"7000\">Ngo\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7002\" data-end=\"7467\"><li data-start=\"7002\" data-end=\"7135\"><p data-start=\"7004\" data-end=\"7135\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: Flex th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng RA m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng ED c\u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n cong m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7137\" data-end=\"7259\"><p data-start=\"7139\" data-end=\"7259\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB d\u1ebbo kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n nh\u01b0 PCB c\u1ee9ng. H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (coverlay) ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (covercoat) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7261\" data-end=\"7467\"><p data-start=\"7263\" data-end=\"7467\">Chi ph\u00ed: M\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thu nh\u1ecf k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00ec s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"7469\" data-end=\"7472\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7474\" data-end=\"7521\">C\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><p data-start=\"7523\" data-end=\"7747\">C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng (PCB) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 tivi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo.<\/p><p data-start=\"7749\" data-end=\"7778\">Khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7779\" data-end=\"7920\"><li data-start=\"7779\" data-end=\"7811\"><p data-start=\"7781\" data-end=\"7811\">S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7812\" data-end=\"7867\"><p data-start=\"7814\" data-end=\"7867\">M\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7868\" data-end=\"7920\"><p data-start=\"7870\" data-end=\"7920\">Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"7922\" data-end=\"8067\">N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u1eadp, u\u1ed1n cong ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i d\u1ebbo. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh cao cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee9ng.<\/p><hr data-start=\"8069\" data-end=\"8072\" \/><h1 data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8104\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 cho b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><p data-start=\"8106\" data-end=\"8355\">C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m gia c\u1ed1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m gia c\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c thanh gia c\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n cong. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m gia c\u1ed1 gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch u\u1ed1n cong c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ec1m. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u1eafm linh ki\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_1969\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1969\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1969 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stiffeners-for-flexible-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB with stiffener for improved connector strength and bending support\" width=\"400\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stiffeners-for-flexible-PCBs.webp 400w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stiffeners-for-flexible-PCBs-300x273.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1969\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gia c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/figcaption><\/figure><p data-start=\"8357\" data-end=\"8380\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thanh gia c\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p><ul data-start=\"8381\" data-end=\"8556\"><li data-start=\"8381\" data-end=\"8409\"><p data-start=\"8383\" data-end=\"8409\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8410\" data-end=\"8431\"><p data-start=\"8412\" data-end=\"8431\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8432\" data-end=\"8454\"><p data-start=\"8434\" data-end=\"8454\">Mi\u1ebfng gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng polyester<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8455\" data-end=\"8477\"><p data-start=\"8457\" data-end=\"8477\">C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng polyimide<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8478\" data-end=\"8502\"><p data-start=\"8480\" data-end=\"8502\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8503\" data-end=\"8529\"><p data-start=\"8505\" data-end=\"8529\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng PTFE (Teflon)<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8530\" data-end=\"8556\"><p data-start=\"8532\" data-end=\"8556\">C\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng polycarbonate<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"8558\" data-end=\"8603\">Quy t\u1eafc x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng polyimide (PI):<\/p><ol data-start=\"8604\" data-end=\"9256\"><li data-start=\"8604\" data-end=\"8660\"><p data-start=\"8607\" data-end=\"8660\">N\u00ean nung c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 PI \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 80\u00b0C trong 30 ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8661\" data-end=\"8736\"><p data-start=\"8664\" data-end=\"8736\">N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 25\u00b0C v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i 65%.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8737\" data-end=\"8820\"><p data-start=\"8740\" data-end=\"8820\">H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 PI m\u1edbi c\u1eaft ngay. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, h\u00e3y b\u1ecdc k\u00edn ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8821\" data-end=\"8893\"><p data-start=\"8824\" data-end=\"8893\">L\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa FPC v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m gia c\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00e1n.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8894\" data-end=\"8967\"><p data-start=\"8897\" data-end=\"8967\">H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u00e9p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8968\" data-end=\"9047\"><p data-start=\"8971\" data-end=\"9047\">Sau khi \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee3i khu\u00f4n ngu\u1ed9i h\u1eb3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1edf ra v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y chi ti\u1ebft ra.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"9048\" data-end=\"9256\"><p data-start=\"9051\" data-end=\"9256\">Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 PI qu\u00e1 nhanh sau khi \u00e9p l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, h\u00e3y chuy\u1ec3n chi ti\u1ebft sang m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1eadm nh\u01b0 v\u1ea3i s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh. N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u00e9p t\u1ea5m, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ngu\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"9258\" data-end=\"9261\" \/><h1 data-start=\"9263\" data-end=\"9313\">C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u1ebft l\u00f5m v\u00e0 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><p data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9436\">Tr\u1ee5c u\u1ed1n trung t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa trong ch\u1ed3ng m\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd gi\u00fap tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb l\u00f5m v\u00e0 n\u1ee9t.<\/p><p data-start=\"9438\" data-end=\"9765\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u1eeba l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong, xo\u1eafn v\u00e0 g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n b\u00ean trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n cong v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00e3y b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ebft l\u00f5m.<\/p><p data-start=\"9767\" data-end=\"9958\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng.<\/p><p data-start=\"9960\" data-end=\"10153\">B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng (u\u1ed1n cong trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng) ho\u1eb7c khi n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p g\u1ecdn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t v\u1ee1.<\/p><hr data-start=\"10155\" data-end=\"10158\" \/><h1 data-start=\"10160\" data-end=\"10211\">C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao<\/h1><h1 data-start=\"10160\" data-end=\"10211\">u\u1ed1n cong v\u00e0 u\u1ed1n d\u1ebbo<\/h1><figure id=\"attachment_1965\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1965\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1965 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Design-considerations-to-improve-flex-and-bending.webp\" alt=\"FPC bend radius optimization with visible circuitry\" width=\"400\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Design-considerations-to-improve-flex-and-bending.webp 400w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Design-considerations-to-improve-flex-and-bending-300x272.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1965\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in linh ho\u1ea1t minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf u\u1ed1n cong v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p<\/figcaption><\/figure><p data-start=\"10213\" data-end=\"10275\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10277\" data-end=\"10318\">N\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n<\/h2><p data-start=\"10319\" data-end=\"10516\">H\u00e3y n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 u\u1ed1n cong, g\u1ea5p v\u00e0 xo\u1eafn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2y c\u00e1p u\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1c \u00e9p v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t. Lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10518\" data-end=\"10533\">Tr\u1ee5c trung t\u00ednh<\/h2><p data-start=\"10534\" data-end=\"10751\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng u\u1ed1n cong \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch in m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t gi\u00fap l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n t\u00e2m c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. V\u1edbi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u00e0y, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00e9n ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9o c\u0103ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh u\u1ed1n cong \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10753\" data-end=\"10773\">C\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<\/h2><p data-start=\"10774\" data-end=\"10957\">C\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n cong h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong b\u00ean trong nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i \u00edt h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1n cong nhi\u1ec1u, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10959\" data-end=\"10975\">B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed d\u1ea7m ch\u1eef I<\/h2><p data-start=\"10976\" data-end=\"11207\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac I-beam c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho v\u00f9ng g\u1ea5p. Do l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i, l\u1edbp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ec7ch nhau \u1edf hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"11209\" data-end=\"11232\">C\u00e1c g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n cong ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p g\u1ea5p kh\u00fac<\/h2><p data-start=\"11233\" data-end=\"11493\">Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea7n g\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c xo\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nh\u0103n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t theo th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 g\u00f3c bo tr\u00f2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng g\u1eadp.<\/p><p data-start=\"11495\" data-end=\"11524\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh n\u1ee9t:<\/p><ul data-start=\"11525\" data-end=\"11739\"><li data-start=\"11525\" data-end=\"11562\"><p data-start=\"11527\" data-end=\"11562\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch h\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1 thi\u1ebfc.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11563\" data-end=\"11624\"><p data-start=\"11565\" data-end=\"11624\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng RA ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ED c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11625\" data-end=\"11674\"><p data-start=\"11627\" data-end=\"11674\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0ng polyimide ph\u1ee7 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n cong.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11675\" data-end=\"11739\"><p data-start=\"11677\" data-end=\"11739\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"11741\" data-end=\"11744\" \/><h1 data-start=\"11746\" data-end=\"11788\">C\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh<\/h1><ul data-start=\"11790\" data-end=\"12375\"><li data-start=\"11790\" data-end=\"11881\"><p data-start=\"11792\" data-end=\"11881\">Khi l\u1eafp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11882\" data-end=\"11942\"><p data-start=\"11884\" data-end=\"11942\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 th\u00eam c\u00e1c g\u00f3c bo tr\u00f2n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m u\u1ed1n cong.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11943\" data-end=\"12028\"><p data-start=\"11945\" data-end=\"12028\">Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 vias trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng u\u1ed1n cong ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn. N\u1ebfu b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 vias, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gia c\u1ed1.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12029\" data-end=\"12125\"><p data-start=\"12031\" data-end=\"12125\">H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3c bo tr\u00f2n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. C\u00e1c g\u00f3c vu\u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1eadp trung \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12126\" data-end=\"12256\"><p data-start=\"12128\" data-end=\"12256\">Khi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch qua m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ch\u00fang vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c g\u1ea5p n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t k\u00e9o.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12257\" data-end=\"12375\"><p data-start=\"12259\" data-end=\"12375\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y th\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb u\u1ed1n cong sang b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch sao cho ph\u1ea7n u\u1ed1n cong n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c tr\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 linh ki\u1ec7n hay l\u1ed7 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"12377\" data-end=\"12380\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12382\" data-end=\"12425\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h1><ul data-start=\"12427\" data-end=\"12911\"><li data-start=\"12427\" data-end=\"12537\"><p data-start=\"12429\" data-end=\"12537\">B\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n polyimide v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c trong t\u00fai k\u00edn, kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y bong tr\u00f3c.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12538\" data-end=\"12590\"><p data-start=\"12540\" data-end=\"12590\">Gi\u1eef cho khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c lu\u00f4n s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. B\u1ee5i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12591\" data-end=\"12714\"><p data-start=\"12593\" data-end=\"12714\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. Polyimide ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, nh\u01b0ng polyester th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12715\" data-end=\"12825\"><p data-start=\"12717\" data-end=\"12825\">Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong \u0111\u00f3ng r\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. L\u00e0m m\u00e1t qu\u00e1 nhanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12826\" data-end=\"12911\"><p data-start=\"12828\" data-end=\"12911\">H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng t\u0129nh \u0111i\u1ec7n khi thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c vi m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"12913\" data-end=\"12916\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12918\" data-end=\"12956\">C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo<\/h1><p data-start=\"12958\" data-end=\"13005\">M\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13006\" data-end=\"13232\"><li data-start=\"13006\" data-end=\"13033\"><p data-start=\"13008\" data-end=\"13033\">\u0110i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13034\" data-end=\"13043\"><p data-start=\"13036\" data-end=\"13043\">M\u00e1y \u1ea3nh<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13044\" data-end=\"13062\"><p data-start=\"13046\" data-end=\"13062\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111eo<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13063\" data-end=\"13092\"><p data-start=\"13065\" data-end=\"13092\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13093\" data-end=\"13133\"><p data-start=\"13095\" data-end=\"13133\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13134\" data-end=\"13170\"><p data-start=\"13136\" data-end=\"13170\">\u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13171\" data-end=\"13198\"><p data-start=\"13173\" data-end=\"13198\">\u0110\u00e8n LED v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LED<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13199\" data-end=\"13232\"><p data-start=\"13201\" data-end=\"13232\">\u0110\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ee5m c\u00e1p<\/p><\/li><\/ul><figure id=\"attachment_1963\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1963\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1963 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB installed inside smartphone for flexible connections\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones.webp 400w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1963\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn<\/figcaption><\/figure><p data-start=\"13234\" data-end=\"13321\">Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p><hr data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13326\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13328\" data-end=\"13368\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t<\/h1><p data-start=\"13370\" data-end=\"13381\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13382\" data-end=\"13605\"><li data-start=\"13382\" data-end=\"13413\"><p data-start=\"13384\" data-end=\"13413\">Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13414\" data-end=\"13446\"><p data-start=\"13416\" data-end=\"13446\">Cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13447\" data-end=\"13512\"><p data-start=\"13449\" data-end=\"13512\">Gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i d\u00e2y c\u00e1p m\u1ec1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bo m\u1ea1ch.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13513\" data-end=\"13560\"><p data-start=\"13515\" data-end=\"13560\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13561\" data-end=\"13605\"><p data-start=\"13563\" data-end=\"13605\">\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"13607\" data-end=\"13614\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13615\" data-end=\"13796\"><li data-start=\"13615\" data-end=\"13655\"><p data-start=\"13617\" data-end=\"13655\">Chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13656\" data-end=\"13686\"><p data-start=\"13658\" data-end=\"13686\">Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13687\" data-end=\"13741\"><p data-start=\"13689\" data-end=\"13741\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n cao.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13742\" data-end=\"13796\"><p data-start=\"13744\" data-end=\"13796\">N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"13798\" data-end=\"13801\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13803\" data-end=\"13831\">Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h1><p data-start=\"13833\" data-end=\"13855\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13856\" data-end=\"14147\"><li data-start=\"13856\" data-end=\"13902\"><p data-start=\"13858\" data-end=\"13902\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13903\" data-end=\"13966\"><p data-start=\"13905\" data-end=\"13966\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 theo chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13967\" data-end=\"14020\"><p data-start=\"13969\" data-end=\"14020\">Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng tia X ho\u1eb7c k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u1ea9n.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14021\" data-end=\"14096\"><p data-start=\"14023\" data-end=\"14096\">Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m k\u00e9o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n keo \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n k\u1ebft d\u00ednh.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14097\" data-end=\"14147\"><p data-start=\"14099\" data-end=\"14147\">Ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"14149\" data-end=\"14152\" \/><h1 data-start=\"14154\" data-end=\"14182\">Nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb9o nhanh<\/h1><ul data-start=\"14184\" data-end=\"14750\"><li data-start=\"14184\" data-end=\"14300\"><p data-start=\"14186\" data-end=\"14300\">H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn polyimide n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao h\u01a1n. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn polyester n\u1ebfu chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14301\" data-end=\"14364\"><p data-start=\"14303\" data-end=\"14364\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n d\u1ebbo linh ho\u1ea1t, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng RA.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14365\" data-end=\"14418\"><p data-start=\"14367\" data-end=\"14418\">Th\u00eam c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14419\" data-end=\"14487\"><p data-start=\"14421\" data-end=\"14487\">H\u00e3y gi\u1eef b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n cong c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. B\u00e1n k\u00ednh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n gi\u00fap t\u0103ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14488\" data-end=\"14613\"><p data-start=\"14490\" data-end=\"14613\">N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c v\u1ebft l\u00f5m ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ecb tr\u00ed u\u1ed1n cong v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ed3ng l\u1edbp. H\u00e3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14614\" data-end=\"14750\"><p data-start=\"14616\" data-end=\"14750\">H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch linh ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0m t\u1eeb polyester.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eea6e68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eea6e68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo \u2014 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a0f15 uael-faq-box-layout-yes align-at-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-faq\" data-id=\"b7a0f15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"uael-faq.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div id='uael-faq-wrapper-192' class=\"uael-faq-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-faq-container uael-faq-layout-accordion\" data-layout=\"accordion\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-e04a2b1\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-e04a2b1 uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-1-69fc2684e1079\">B\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo (FPC) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: M\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo (FPC) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1n cong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng nh\u01b0 polyimide (PI) ho\u1eb7c polyester (PET). N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian ba chi\u1ec1u. Lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-bc665c2\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-bc665c2 uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-2-69fc2684e10e7\">PI hay PET, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n? S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: PI (polyimide) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao, \u00edt b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n. N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PI khi c\u1ea7n h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. PET (polyester) c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb h\u01a1n, h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u00edt h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t. N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PET cho \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4n h\u00f2a.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-3054ff9\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-3054ff9 uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-3-69fc2684e1125\">Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch d\u1ebbo?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ED (\u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng RA (c\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u1ee7). \u0110\u1ed3ng RA ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1n cong.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-89f20a0\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-89f20a0 uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-4-69fc2684e1167\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gia c\u1ed1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Thanh gia c\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft gia c\u1ed1 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: PI, kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ee3i th\u1ee7y tinh). S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thanh gia c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-d110c0d\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-d110c0d uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-5-69fc2684e11a2\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft l\u00f5m tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in d\u1ebbo?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 vias trong khu v\u1ef1c u\u1ed1n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Th\u00eam c\u00e1c thanh gia c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ebfp g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-edf59f6\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-edf59f6 uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-6-69fc2684e11d8\">B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: H\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung sau: b\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n = (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7) \u00d7 t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u u\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p u\u1ed1n t\u0129nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp (u\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean), nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 <strong data-start=\"1744\" data-end=\"1762\">10 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp (u\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n), m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 <strong data-start=\"1838\" data-end=\"1857\">100 \u00d7 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y<\/strong>.<br data-start=\"1858\" data-end=\"1861\" data-is-only-node=\"\" \/>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5m u\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 0,20 mm, th\u00ec b\u00e1n k\u00ednh t\u0129nh = 0,20 \u00d7 10 = 2,0 mm, v\u00e0 b\u00e1n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng = 0,20 \u00d7 100 = 20,0 mm.<\/p><p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gia c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc DFM c\u1ee7a IPC\/nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"uael-accordion-43aa5ef\" class=\"uael-faq-accordion\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class= \"uael-accordion-title\" aria-expanded=\"false\" role=\"tab\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 256 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\" viewbox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-question-43aa5ef uael-question-span\" tabindex=\"0\" id=\"uael-faq-7-69fc2684e1211\">Th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 bao l\u00e2u?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"uael-accordion-content\" role=\"tabpanel\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span><p>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 giao c\u00e1c m\u1eabu PCB trong v\u00f2ng <strong data-start=\"313\" data-end=\"325\">48 gi\u1edd<\/strong> Sau khi x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (Gerber) v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n. Th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flexible PCB is also called flexible printed circuit board, flex circuit, or flexible wiring board. As the name shows, it [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center\";s:15:\"background-size\";s:4:\"auto\";s:21:\"background-attachment\";s:6:\"scroll\";s:15:\"background-type\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"background-media\";s:0:\"\";s:12:\"overlay-type\";s:0:\"\";s:13:\"overlay-color\";s:0:\"\";s:15:\"overlay-opacity\";s:0:\"\";s:16:\"overlay-gradient\";s:0:\"\";}}"],"footnotes":[""],"_elementor_edit_mode":["builder"],"_elementor_template_type":["wp-page"],"_elementor_data":["[{\"id\":\"cac97a5\",\"elType\":\"container\",\"settings\":{\"flex_direction\":\"column\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"36e19f4\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"a3d994b\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"editor\":\"<p data-start=\\\"72\\\" data-end=\\\"429\\\">Flexible PCB is also called flexible printed circuit board, flex circuit, or flexible wiring board. As the name shows, it is a kind of circuit board that bends. It can fold, roll, stretch, and move in three dimensions. Flexible printed circuit boards are made on a thin film like polyimide or polyester. They give high reliability and very good flexibility.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"933\\\"><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\/wiki\\\/Flexible_electronics\\\">Flexible printed circuits (FPC) trace their origins back to the 1950s<\\\/a>, when researchers in the United States developed techniques to print and etch flat conductors onto flexible substrates as an alternative to traditional wiring harnesses<\\\/span><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">.<\\\/span>\\u00a0Makers used polyester or polyimide film as the base. These films make the board strong and bendable. By embedding circuits on thin plastic sheets, many small parts can be stacked in tight spaces. The result is a circuit that can bend, fold, and fit into compact shapes. Flexible circuits are light, take little space, cool well, and are easy to mount. They solved limits of old connection methods.<\\\/p>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1966\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1966 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/flex-pcb.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Flexible PCB sample\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"466\\\" \\\/> A flexible printed circuit board showing bendable structure.[\\\/caption]<p data-start=\\\"431\\\" data-end=\\\"933\\\"><span style=\\\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\\\">A flexible circuit has three main material groups. First is the insulating film. Second is the conductor. Third is adhesive. These parts work together to meet the need for smaller and mobile electronic devices. Flexible circuits let devices become denser, smaller, and more reliable.<\\\/span><\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"1515\\\" data-end=\\\"1518\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"1520\\\" data-end=\\\"1552\\\">Materials used in Flexible PCB<\\\/h1><h2 data-start=\\\"1554\\\" data-end=\\\"1575\\\">1. Insulating film<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"1576\\\" data-end=\\\"1771\\\">The insulating film forms the main base layer for the circuit. Adhesive is used to bond copper foil to the insulating film. In multilayer flex designs, the film is also used to bond inner layers.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1773\\\" data-end=\\\"1928\\\">The insulating film protects the circuit from dust and moisture. It also reduces stress when the board bends. The conductor layer is made from copper foil.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"1930\\\" data-end=\\\"2178\\\">Some flex circuits use rigid parts made from aluminum or stainless steel. These rigid parts give dimensional stability. They give physical support for parts and wires. They also reduce stress. Adhesive bonds the rigid parts to the flexible circuit.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"2180\\\" data-end=\\\"2429\\\">Another common material is a bonding layer that coats both sides of the insulating film. This bonding layer gives insulation and helps join layers. It can remove the need for some film layers and lets manufacturers bond many layers with fewer parts.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"2431\\\" data-end=\\\"2630\\\">There are many insulating film types. The most used are polyimide and polyester. About eighty percent of flexible circuit makers in the US use polyimide film. About twenty percent use polyester film.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"2632\\\" data-end=\\\"3231\\\"><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dupont.com\\\/electronics-industrial\\\/kapton-polyimide-film.html\\\">Polyimide <\\\/a>is not easy to burn. It keeps its shape, resists tearing, and can stand soldering heat. Polyester, also called PET (polyethylene terephthalate), has physical traits close to polyimide. It has a lower dielectric constant and absorbs less moisture. But it does not resist high heat as well. Polyester melts at around 250\\u00b0C and has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 80\\u00b0C. This limits its use in products that need heavy board-edge soldering. In low temperature uses, polyester can act stiff. Still, polyester is good for phones and other products that do not face harsh conditions.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3233\\\" data-end=\\\"3357\\\">Polyimide films are often paired with polyimide or acrylic adhesives. Polyester films usually pair with polyester adhesives.<\\\/p>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1968\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1968 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Polyimide-films.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Polyimide film rolls\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"466\\\" \\\/> Rolls of PI film, a common base material for flexible circuits[\\\/caption]<h2 data-start=\\\"3359\\\" data-end=\\\"3374\\\">2. Conductor<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"3375\\\" data-end=\\\"3733\\\">Copper foil is a good fit for flexible circuits. Copper foil can be made by electro-deposition (ED) or by rolling and annealing (RA). One side of ED copper is shiny. The other side has a matte process surface. ED copper is bendable and can come in many thicknesses and widths. The matte side of ED copper often gets special treatment to make it stick better.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"3735\\\" data-end=\\\"3868\\\">RA copper is both flexible and smooth. It can be stronger. RA copper is useful in designs that need repeated bending or dynamic flex.<\\\/p>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1964\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1964 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Copper-foil.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Copper foil processing for FPC manufacturing\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"466\\\" \\\/> Copper foil roll being slit for flexible PCB production.[\\\/caption]<h2 data-start=\\\"3870\\\" data-end=\\\"3884\\\">3. Adhesive<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"3885\\\" data-end=\\\"4147\\\">Adhesives do more than bond the insulating film to the conductor. They can act as cover layers, protective coatings, or overlay layers. The main difference is how the layer is applied. The cover layer bonds to the insulating film and forms a laminated structure.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"4149\\\" data-end=\\\"4559\\\">Screen printing is used for adhesive coverage and coating. Not all laminated structures use adhesives. Adhesive-free laminates make thinner, more flexible circuits. They also offer better heat transfer than adhesive-based laminates. Because there is no adhesive layer to block heat, heat moves through the circuit better. This lets adhesive-free flex operate in conditions where adhesive-based flex might fail.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"4561\\\" data-end=\\\"4564\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"4566\\\" data-end=\\\"4615\\\">Soldering steps for FPC (FPC soldering process)<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"4617\\\" data-end=\\\"4783\\\">Below are practical steps for hand soldering a PQFP chip and common SMD parts on flexible circuits. Use these steps as a clear guide. Follow safety and ESD rules too.<\\\/p>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1967\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"700\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1967 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/FPC-soldering.webp\\\" alt=\\\"FPC assembly with soldered parts\\\" width=\\\"700\\\" height=\\\"466\\\" \\\/> Flexible PCB with components soldered during assembly process.[\\\/caption]<ol data-start=\\\"4785\\\" data-end=\\\"6282\\\"><li data-start=\\\"4785\\\" data-end=\\\"4938\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4788\\\" data-end=\\\"4938\\\">Before soldering, apply flux to the pads. Use an iron to treat the pads. This avoids bad tinning or pad oxidation. Chips usually do not need pre-work.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"4940\\\" data-end=\\\"5460\\\"><p data-start=\\\"4943\\\" data-end=\\\"5460\\\">Use tweezers to carefully place the PQFP chip on the PCB. Do this to avoid bending or breaking the leads. Align the chip with the pads. Make sure the chip points the right way. Heat the iron to above 300\\u00b0C. Put a little solder on the iron tip. Press down the aligned chip with a tool. Add a small amount of solder to two diagonal pins. Hold the chip and solder the two diagonal pins. This will fix the chip in place. After those two pins are soldered, check alignment. If needed, move or remove and re-place the chip.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5462\\\" data-end=\\\"5766\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5465\\\" data-end=\\\"5766\\\">When you start soldering all pins, add solder to the iron tip. Apply flux to all pins to keep them wet. Touch the iron tip to the end of each pin until you see solder flow into the pin. Keep the iron tip parallel to the pins during soldering. This helps stop pins from bridging due to too much solder.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"5768\\\" data-end=\\\"6076\\\"><p data-start=\\\"5771\\\" data-end=\\\"6076\\\">After soldering all pins, use flux to wet all pins and clean the solder. Remove extra solder to remove shorts and bridges. Finally, use tweezers to inspect for bad solder joints. When done, clean the board. Use alcohol and a stiff brush, then wipe along the pin direction until the solder residue is gone.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"6078\\\" data-end=\\\"6282\\\"><p data-start=\\\"6081\\\" data-end=\\\"6282\\\">SMD resistors and capacitors are easier. Place the part on a pad. Then place one end on the pad and hold it with tweezers. Solder one end first. Check placement. If it is aligned, solder the other end.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><hr data-start=\\\"6284\\\" data-end=\\\"6287\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"6289\\\" data-end=\\\"6345\\\">Key differences between rigid PCB and flexible circuit<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"6347\\\" data-end=\\\"6628\\\">Rigid PCBs are what people usually think of as circuit boards. They use conductors and other parts on a non-conductive board. The non-conductive board often contains glass. The glass makes the board strong and stiff. Rigid PCBs give good support for parts and good heat resistance.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"6630\\\" data-end=\\\"6927\\\">Flexible PCBs also have conductive traces on a non-conductive base. But the base is flexible, like polyimide. A flexible base lets the circuit bend, handle vibration, cool well, and fold into many shapes. Because of these shapes, flex circuits are now common in compact and new electronic designs.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"6929\\\" data-end=\\\"7000\\\">Besides the base material and stiffness, other big differences include:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"7002\\\" data-end=\\\"7467\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7002\\\" data-end=\\\"7135\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7004\\\" data-end=\\\"7135\\\">Conductor choice: Flex often uses softer RA copper instead of hard ED copper. This helps if the circuit must bend without cracking.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7137\\\" data-end=\\\"7259\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7139\\\" data-end=\\\"7259\\\">Manufacturing: Flex makers do not use soldermask like rigid PCBs. They use coverlay or covercoat to protect bare traces.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7261\\\" data-end=\\\"7467\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7263\\\" data-end=\\\"7467\\\">Cost: Flex circuits usually cost more than rigid boards. But a flex board can let engineers shrink a product. That can lower the total product cost because a smaller product may cost less to make or ship.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"7469\\\" data-end=\\\"7472\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"7474\\\" data-end=\\\"7521\\\">How to choose between rigid and flexible PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"7523\\\" data-end=\\\"7747\\\">Both types can work in many products. Some uses benefit more from one type. For example, rigid PCBs make sense in larger products like TVs and desktop PCs. Compact products like phones and wearables often need flex circuits.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"7749\\\" data-end=\\\"7778\\\">When you choose, think about:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"7779\\\" data-end=\\\"7920\\\"><li data-start=\\\"7779\\\" data-end=\\\"7811\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7781\\\" data-end=\\\"7811\\\">What your product needs to do.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7812\\\" data-end=\\\"7867\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7814\\\" data-end=\\\"7867\\\">What the industry normally uses for similar products.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"7868\\\" data-end=\\\"7920\\\"><p data-start=\\\"7870\\\" data-end=\\\"7920\\\">How using one type might change costs or assembly.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"7922\\\" data-end=\\\"8067\\\">If your device needs folding, bending, or space saving, pick flex. If you need low cost and high mounting strength for large parts, choose rigid.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"8069\\\" data-end=\\\"8072\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"8074\\\" data-end=\\\"8104\\\">Stiffeners for flexible PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"8106\\\" data-end=\\\"8355\\\">Stiffeners are also called reinforcement plates, support plates, or strengthening ribs. They are used in electronics to control flex. Stiffeners solve the problem that flex boards can be too bendy. They make plug-in areas stronger and help assembly.<\\\/p>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1969\\\" align=\\\"aligncenter\\\" width=\\\"400\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1969 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Stiffeners-for-flexible-PCBs.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Flexible PCB with stiffener for improved connector strength and bending support\\\" width=\\\"400\\\" height=\\\"364\\\" \\\/> Flexible printed circuit board featuring a stiffener to enhance mechanical stability during assembly[\\\/caption]<p data-start=\\\"8357\\\" data-end=\\\"8380\\\">Common stiffener types:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"8381\\\" data-end=\\\"8556\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8381\\\" data-end=\\\"8409\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8383\\\" data-end=\\\"8409\\\">Stainless steel stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8410\\\" data-end=\\\"8431\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8412\\\" data-end=\\\"8431\\\">Aluminum stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8432\\\" data-end=\\\"8454\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8434\\\" data-end=\\\"8454\\\">Polyester stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8455\\\" data-end=\\\"8477\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8457\\\" data-end=\\\"8477\\\">Polyimide stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8478\\\" data-end=\\\"8502\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8480\\\" data-end=\\\"8502\\\">Glass fiber stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8503\\\" data-end=\\\"8529\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8505\\\" data-end=\\\"8529\\\">PTFE (Teflon) stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8530\\\" data-end=\\\"8556\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8532\\\" data-end=\\\"8556\\\">Polycarbonate stiffeners<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"8558\\\" data-end=\\\"8603\\\">Handling rules for polyimide (PI) stiffeners:<\\\/p><ol data-start=\\\"8604\\\" data-end=\\\"9256\\\"><li data-start=\\\"8604\\\" data-end=\\\"8660\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8607\\\" data-end=\\\"8660\\\">Bake PI stiffeners at 80\\u00b0C for 30 minutes before use.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8661\\\" data-end=\\\"8736\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8664\\\" data-end=\\\"8736\\\">Work in a clean room at about 25\\u00b0C and 65% relative humidity if you can.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8737\\\" data-end=\\\"8820\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8740\\\" data-end=\\\"8820\\\">Use fresh-cut PI stiffeners soon. If they sit more than one day, seal them well.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8821\\\" data-end=\\\"8893\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8824\\\" data-end=\\\"8893\\\">Clean the interface where the FPC meets the stiffener before bonding.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8894\\\" data-end=\\\"8967\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8897\\\" data-end=\\\"8967\\\">Use correct bonding and press conditions when using different presses.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"8968\\\" data-end=\\\"9047\\\"><p data-start=\\\"8971\\\" data-end=\\\"9047\\\">After curing, wait for the jig to cool before opening and removing the part.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"9048\\\" data-end=\\\"9256\\\"><p data-start=\\\"9051\\\" data-end=\\\"9256\\\">Do not cool PI stiffeners quickly after lamination. Remove the part onto a slow-heat carrier like glass fiber cloth if you must. If you use a platen press, wait until the product cools to room temperature.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ol><hr data-start=\\\"9258\\\" data-end=\\\"9261\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"9263\\\" data-end=\\\"9313\\\">How to prevent dents and cracks in flexible PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"9315\\\" data-end=\\\"9436\\\">The neutral bending axis of a flex circuit may not be centered in the stack. Proper handling helps stop dents and cracks.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9438\\\" data-end=\\\"9765\\\">Flexible PCBs are like mechanical parts as well as electrical parts. The trace layout must make the whole circuit strong. Unlike a rigid board, a flex board can bend, twist, and fold to fit inside the final product. If the bend goes beyond a point, the copper is put under strong tension. That can break the flex or make dents.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9767\\\" data-end=\\\"9958\\\">Flex gives designers options that rigid boards do not. Even when flex is right for the job, that does not mean copper traces will never fail. Copper also has limits on the stress it can take.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"9960\\\" data-end=\\\"10153\\\">You need to watch many things, especially when the product will see dynamic bending (bending while in use) or when it must fold into small housing spaces. Precision is important to avoid crack.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"10155\\\" data-end=\\\"10158\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"10160\\\" data-end=\\\"10211\\\">Design considerations to improve<\\\/h1><h1 data-start=\\\"10160\\\" data-end=\\\"10211\\\">flex and bending<\\\/h1>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1965\\\" align=\\\"alignnone\\\" width=\\\"400\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1965 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Design-considerations-to-improve-flex-and-bending.webp\\\" alt=\\\"FPC bend radius optimization with visible circuitry\\\" width=\\\"400\\\" height=\\\"362\\\" \\\/> Flexible printed circuit board demonstrating bend and fold design considerations[\\\/caption]<p data-start=\\\"10213\\\" data-end=\\\"10275\\\">Below are clear design ideas to increase life and reliability.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10277\\\" data-end=\\\"10318\\\">Know the stress points and bend radius<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10319\\\" data-end=\\\"10516\\\">Know the limits for bending, folding, and twisting. For single-sided flex, if the stretch or squeeze exceeds the bend radius or stress point, the copper will crack. Always work inside these limits.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10518\\\" data-end=\\\"10533\\\">Neutral axis<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10534\\\" data-end=\\\"10751\\\">For dynamic flex use, single-sided flex designs are best. Single-sided gives the copper room to sit near the structure center. In this layout, the copper is not strongly compressed or stretched during dynamic bending.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10753\\\" data-end=\\\"10773\\\">Thinner is better<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10774\\\" data-end=\\\"10957\\\">Thinner stacks bend more easily. They have a smaller inner bend radius and less stress on the outer layer. For parts that bend a lot, use thinner copper and thinner dielectric layers.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"10959\\\" data-end=\\\"10975\\\">I-beam layout<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"10976\\\" data-end=\\\"11207\\\">I-beam means copper or dielectric layers overlap directly on both sides. This makes the fold area stronger. Because the inner layer compresses, the outer layer sees more stretch. To reduce this, offset the traces on opposite sides.<\\\/p><h2 data-start=\\\"11209\\\" data-end=\\\"11232\\\">Sharp bends or folds<\\\/h2><p data-start=\\\"11233\\\" data-end=\\\"11493\\\">Many flex boards are designed to fold. A well-made board can take the first fold or twist. But repeatedly folding a creased area is not good. The copper will break over time. It is not recommended. Use design tricks like rounded corner traces in the fold area.<\\\/p><p data-start=\\\"11495\\\" data-end=\\\"11524\\\">Other tips to avoid cracking:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"11525\\\" data-end=\\\"11739\\\"><li data-start=\\\"11525\\\" data-end=\\\"11562\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11527\\\" data-end=\\\"11562\\\">Use soldered or tinned trace paths.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"11563\\\" data-end=\\\"11624\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11565\\\" data-end=\\\"11624\\\">Use RA copper or ED copper with controlled grain direction.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"11625\\\" data-end=\\\"11674\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11627\\\" data-end=\\\"11674\\\">Use a covering polyimide film in the bend area.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"11675\\\" data-end=\\\"11739\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11677\\\" data-end=\\\"11739\\\">Use stiffener ribs on the bottom and a cover layer on the top.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"11741\\\" data-end=\\\"11744\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"11746\\\" data-end=\\\"11788\\\">Other practical design and process notes<\\\/h1><ul data-start=\\\"11790\\\" data-end=\\\"12375\\\"><li data-start=\\\"11790\\\" data-end=\\\"11881\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11792\\\" data-end=\\\"11881\\\">When you load parts, keep traces away from holes and sharp edges. This lowers break risk.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"11882\\\" data-end=\\\"11942\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11884\\\" data-end=\\\"11942\\\">Use round pad shapes and add fillets on traces near bends.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"11943\\\" data-end=\\\"12028\\\"><p data-start=\\\"11945\\\" data-end=\\\"12028\\\">Keep vias out of high-stress bend zones. If you must place vias, use reinforcement.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12029\\\" data-end=\\\"12125\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12031\\\" data-end=\\\"12125\\\">Use radiused corners on traces and pads. Right angles concentrate stress and can cause cracks.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12126\\\" data-end=\\\"12256\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12128\\\" data-end=\\\"12256\\\">When you route traces across a fold, try to route them perpendicular to the fold axis when possible. This lowers tensile stress.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12257\\\" data-end=\\\"12375\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12259\\\" data-end=\\\"12375\\\">For repeated motion, try to use a flex-to-board transition that keeps the bend in a free area with no parts or vias.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"12377\\\" data-end=\\\"12380\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"12382\\\" data-end=\\\"12425\\\">Assembly handling and environmental notes<\\\/h1><ul data-start=\\\"12427\\\" data-end=\\\"12911\\\"><li data-start=\\\"12427\\\" data-end=\\\"12537\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12429\\\" data-end=\\\"12537\\\">Store polyimide and other materials in dry, sealed bags. Moisture can harm adhesives and cause delamination.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12538\\\" data-end=\\\"12590\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12540\\\" data-end=\\\"12590\\\">Keep work areas clean. Dust and oils harm bonding.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12591\\\" data-end=\\\"12714\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12593\\\" data-end=\\\"12714\\\">For reflow soldering, follow the material\\u2019s time-temperature limits. Polyimide handles high heat, but polyester does not.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12715\\\" data-end=\\\"12825\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12717\\\" data-end=\\\"12825\\\">When you use adhesives, follow cure curves and cooling steps. Cooling too fast can cause stress and warpage.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"12826\\\" data-end=\\\"12911\\\"><p data-start=\\\"12828\\\" data-end=\\\"12911\\\">Use ESD protection when you handle flex circuits. Some circuits have sensitive ICs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"12913\\\" data-end=\\\"12916\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"12918\\\" data-end=\\\"12956\\\">Common applications of flexible PCBs<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"12958\\\" data-end=\\\"13005\\\">Flexible circuits are popular in many products:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"13006\\\" data-end=\\\"13232\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13006\\\" data-end=\\\"13033\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13008\\\" data-end=\\\"13033\\\">Mobile phones and tablets<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13034\\\" data-end=\\\"13043\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13036\\\" data-end=\\\"13043\\\">Cameras<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13044\\\" data-end=\\\"13062\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13046\\\" data-end=\\\"13062\\\">Wearable devices<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13063\\\" data-end=\\\"13092\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13065\\\" data-end=\\\"13092\\\">Medical devices and sensors<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13093\\\" data-end=\\\"13133\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13095\\\" data-end=\\\"13133\\\">Automotive sensors and dashboard parts<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13134\\\" data-end=\\\"13170\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13136\\\" data-end=\\\"13170\\\">Aerospace and military electronics<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13171\\\" data-end=\\\"13198\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13173\\\" data-end=\\\"13198\\\">LED lighting and displays<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13199\\\" data-end=\\\"13232\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13201\\\" data-end=\\\"13232\\\">Connectors and cable assemblies<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul>[caption id=\\\"attachment_1963\\\" align=\\\"alignnone\\\" width=\\\"400\\\"]<img class=\\\"wp-image-1963 size-full\\\" src=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/flj-pcb.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones.webp\\\" alt=\\\"Flexible PCB installed inside smartphone for flexible connections\\\" width=\\\"400\\\" height=\\\"400\\\" \\\/> Flexible printed circuit board used in smartphones to connect components within a compact space[\\\/caption]<p data-start=\\\"13234\\\" data-end=\\\"13321\\\">Their main benefits are small size, light weight, and the ability to fit in odd shapes.<\\\/p><hr data-start=\\\"13323\\\" data-end=\\\"13326\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"13328\\\" data-end=\\\"13368\\\">Advantages and limits of flex circuits<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"13370\\\" data-end=\\\"13381\\\">Advantages:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"13382\\\" data-end=\\\"13605\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13382\\\" data-end=\\\"13413\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13384\\\" data-end=\\\"13413\\\">Save space and reduce weight.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13414\\\" data-end=\\\"13446\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13416\\\" data-end=\\\"13446\\\">Allow moving or folding parts.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13447\\\" data-end=\\\"13512\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13449\\\" data-end=\\\"13512\\\">Lower connector needs because flex can be wired between boards.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13513\\\" data-end=\\\"13560\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13515\\\" data-end=\\\"13560\\\">Good thermal performance when designed right.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13561\\\" data-end=\\\"13605\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13563\\\" data-end=\\\"13605\\\">Improved reliability in many dynamic uses.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p data-start=\\\"13607\\\" data-end=\\\"13614\\\">Limits:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"13615\\\" data-end=\\\"13796\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13615\\\" data-end=\\\"13655\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13617\\\" data-end=\\\"13655\\\">Cost is higher than simple rigid PCBs.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13656\\\" data-end=\\\"13686\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13658\\\" data-end=\\\"13686\\\">Handling requires more care.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13687\\\" data-end=\\\"13741\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13689\\\" data-end=\\\"13741\\\">Some materials cannot withstand high soldering heat.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13742\\\" data-end=\\\"13796\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13744\\\" data-end=\\\"13796\\\">Dynamic bending short-life risks if design is wrong.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"13798\\\" data-end=\\\"13801\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"13803\\\" data-end=\\\"13831\\\">Testing and quality checks<\\\/h1><p data-start=\\\"13833\\\" data-end=\\\"13855\\\">To ensure reliability:<\\\/p><ul data-start=\\\"13856\\\" data-end=\\\"14147\\\"><li data-start=\\\"13856\\\" data-end=\\\"13902\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13858\\\" data-end=\\\"13902\\\">Use bend testing to check dynamic bend life.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13903\\\" data-end=\\\"13966\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13905\\\" data-end=\\\"13966\\\">Use thermal cycling to test resistance to temperature change.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"13967\\\" data-end=\\\"14020\\\"><p data-start=\\\"13969\\\" data-end=\\\"14020\\\">Inspect with X-ray or microscope for hidden cracks.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14021\\\" data-end=\\\"14096\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14023\\\" data-end=\\\"14096\\\">Use pull tests on glued stiffeners and connectors to check hold strength.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14097\\\" data-end=\\\"14147\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14099\\\" data-end=\\\"14147\\\">Check impedance and continuity for signal lines.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul><hr data-start=\\\"14149\\\" data-end=\\\"14152\\\" \\\/><h1 data-start=\\\"14154\\\" data-end=\\\"14182\\\">Final notes and quick tips<\\\/h1><ul data-start=\\\"14184\\\" data-end=\\\"14750\\\"><li data-start=\\\"14184\\\" data-end=\\\"14300\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14186\\\" data-end=\\\"14300\\\">Choose polyimide for higher heat and higher reliability. Choose polyester when lower cost and lower heat are okay.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14301\\\" data-end=\\\"14364\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14303\\\" data-end=\\\"14364\\\">For dynamic flex, use single-sided thin stacks and RA copper.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14365\\\" data-end=\\\"14418\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14367\\\" data-end=\\\"14418\\\">Add stiffeners at connector areas to help assembly.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14419\\\" data-end=\\\"14487\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14421\\\" data-end=\\\"14487\\\">Keep bend radii large when you can. Larger radii give longer life.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14488\\\" data-end=\\\"14613\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14490\\\" data-end=\\\"14613\\\">If you see dents or cracks early, review the bend location and the stack. Change copper type, thickness, or add a coverlay.<\\\/p><\\\/li><li data-start=\\\"14614\\\" data-end=\\\"14750\\\"><p data-start=\\\"14616\\\" data-end=\\\"14750\\\">Make sure assembly steps match the material limits. For example, do not use high-temperature solder processes on polyester-based flex.<\\\/p><\\\/li><\\\/ul>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"2715cb6\"}],\"__dynamic__\":[]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"},{\"id\":\"eea6e68\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Flexible PCB\\u2014 Frequently Asked Questions\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"a5de4f0\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"b7a0f15\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"question\":\"What is a flexible PCB (FPC)?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: A flexible PCB (FPC) is a bendable circuit board made on a thin film such as polyimide (PI) or polyester (PET). It can fold, roll, and fit in three-dimensional space. It saves space and reduces the need for connectors.<\\\/p>\",\"_id\":\"e04a2b1\"},{\"_id\":\"bc665c2\",\"question\":\"Which is better, PI or PET? What is the difference?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: PI (polyimide) resists high heat, tears less, and is more reliable. Use PI when you need high-temperature reflow or harsh environments. PET (polyester) costs less, has lower dielectric constant, and absorbs less moisture, but it does not resist high heat well. Use PET for phones and other mild-environment products.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"3054ff9\",\"question\":\"What conductor materials are common for flex boards?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: Copper foil is common. There are ED (electro-deposited) copper and RA (rolled-annealed) copper. RA copper is better for designs that bend often.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"89f20a0\",\"question\":\"What is a stiffener and when do I need one?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: A stiffener is a reinforcement piece (for example PI, metal, or fiberglass). Use a stiffener to strengthen connector or solder areas, to make assembly easier, or to protect an interface.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"d110c0d\",\"question\":\"How do I prevent cracks or dents in a flexible PCB?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: Control the bend radius in the design. Do not place parts or many vias in the bend area. Use the right copper thickness and dielectric thickness. Add stiffeners or coverlay at key places. Do not fold the same crease many times.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"edf59f6\",\"question\":\"What is the recommended minimum bend radius?\",\"answer\":\"<p>Answer: Use a rule of thumb: the bend radius = (ratio) \\u00d7 total flex thickness. For a single-layer static bend (bent once and kept), a common guideline is <strong data-start=\\\"1744\\\" data-end=\\\"1762\\\">10 \\u00d7 thickness<\\\/strong>. For a single-layer dynamic bend (bends many times), a common guideline is <strong data-start=\\\"1838\\\" data-end=\\\"1857\\\">100 \\u00d7 thickness<\\\/strong>.<br data-start=\\\"1858\\\" data-end=\\\"1861\\\" data-is-only-node=\\\"\\\" \\\/>Example: if the flex is 0.20 mm thick, then static radius = 0.20 \\u00d7 10 = 2.0 mm, and dynamic radius = 0.20 \\u00d7 100 = 20.0 mm.<\\\/p><p>Note: Guidelines vary by layer count, materials, and use. Check your contract manufacturer or IPC \\\/ supplier DFM rules for exact limits.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"43aa5ef\",\"question\":\"What is your sample lead time?\",\"answer\":\"<p>We typically produce and dispatch PCB samples within <strong data-start=\\\"313\\\" data-end=\\\"325\\\">48 hours<\\\/strong> after order confirmation, final artwork (Gerber) approval, and payment. Shipping time is separate and depends on the courier and destination.<\\\/p>\"}],\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"b9e3c6c\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"uael-faq\"}],\"isInner\":false}]"],"_elementor_conditions":["a:0:{}"],"_astra_content_layout_flag":["disabled"],"ast-title-bar-display":["disabled"],"_elementor_version":["3.31.2"],"_elementor_pro_version":["3.31.2"],"_elementor_page_settings":["a:1:{s:10:\"hide_title\";s:3:\"yes\";}"],"site-post-title":["disabled"],"rank_math_og_content_image":["a:2:{s:5:\"check\";s:32:\"c7f3430419b8ec25b3e865806b73690d\";s:6:\"images\";a:1:{i:0;i:1966;}}"],"rank_math_news_sitemap_robots":["index"],"rank_math_robots":["a:1:{i:0;s:5:\"index\";}"],"rank_math_internal_links_processed":["1"],"rank_math_seo_score":["86"],"rank_math_focus_keyword":["Flexible PCB"],"_elementor_controls_usage":["a:4:{s:11:\"text-editor\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:1;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:7:\"content\";a:1:{s:14:\"section_editor\";a:1:{s:6:\"editor\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:1:{s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}s:7:\"heading\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:1;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:7:\"content\";a:1:{s:13:\"section_title\";a:1:{s:5:\"title\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:1:{s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}s:8:\"uael-faq\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:0;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:7:\"content\";a:1:{s:15:\"section_content\";a:1:{s:4:\"tabs\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:1:{s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}s:9:\"container\";a:3:{s:5:\"count\";i:1;s:15:\"control_percent\";i:0;s:8:\"controls\";a:2:{s:6:\"layout\";a:1:{s:24:\"section_layout_container\";a:1:{s:14:\"flex_direction\";i:1;}}s:8:\"advanced\";a:1:{s:26:\"display_conditions_section\";a:1:{s:22:\"display_condition_list\";i:1;}}}}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-1901.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-1901.js"],"_elementor_css":["a:6:{s:4:\"time\";i:1777769305;s:5:\"fonts\";a:0:{}s:5:\"icons\";a:1:{i:0;s:8:\"fa-solid\";}s:20:\"dynamic_elements_ids\";a:0:{}s:6:\"status\";s:4:\"file\";i:0;s:0:\"\";}"],"_elementor_page_assets":["a:2:{s:7:\"scripts\";a:2:{i:0;s:18:\"elementor-frontend\";i:1;s:20:\"uael-frontend-script\";}s:6:\"styles\";a:1:{i:0;s:14:\"widget-heading\";}}"],"_elementor_element_cache":["{\"timeout\":1778219012,\"value\":{\"content\":\"<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-cac97a5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\\\" data-id=\\\"cac97a5\\\" data-element_type=\\\"container\\\" data-e-type=\\\"container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"e-con-inner\\\">\\n\\t\\t[elementor-element k=\\\"0e46bd9387093ca73b9000e38f18cce4\\\" data=\\\"{"id":"a3d994b","elType":"widget","settings":{"editor":"<p data-start=\"72\" data-end=\"429\">Flexible PCB is also called flexible printed circuit board, flex circuit, or flexible wiring board. As the name shows, it is a kind of circuit board that bends. It can fold, roll, stretch, and move in three dimensions. Flexible printed circuit boards are made on a thin film like polyimide or polyester. They give high reliability and very good flexibility.<\/p><p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"933\"><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Flexible_electronics\">Flexible printed circuits (FPC) trace their origins back to the 1950s<\/a>, when researchers in the United States developed techniques to print and etch flat conductors onto flexible substrates as an alternative to traditional wiring harnesses<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">.<\/span>\u00a0Makers used polyester or polyimide film as the base. These films make the board strong and bendable. By embedding circuits on thin plastic sheets, many small parts can be stacked in tight spaces. The result is a circuit that can bend, fold, and fit into compact shapes. Flexible circuits are light, take little space, cool well, and are easy to mount. They solved limits of old connection methods.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_1966\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1966 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/flex-pcb.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB sample\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" \/> A flexible printed circuit board showing bendable structure.[\/caption]<p data-start=\"431\" data-end=\"933\"><span style=\"font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit;\">A flexible circuit has three main material groups. First is the insulating film. Second is the conductor. Third is adhesive. These parts work together to meet the need for smaller and mobile electronic devices. Flexible circuits let devices become denser, smaller, and more reliable.<\/span><\/p><hr data-start=\"1515\" data-end=\"1518\" \/><h1 data-start=\"1520\" data-end=\"1552\">Materials used in Flexible PCB<\/h1><h2 data-start=\"1554\" data-end=\"1575\">1. Insulating film<\/h2><p data-start=\"1576\" data-end=\"1771\">The insulating film forms the main base layer for the circuit. Adhesive is used to bond copper foil to the insulating film. In multilayer flex designs, the film is also used to bond inner layers.<\/p><p data-start=\"1773\" data-end=\"1928\">The insulating film protects the circuit from dust and moisture. It also reduces stress when the board bends. The conductor layer is made from copper foil.<\/p><p data-start=\"1930\" data-end=\"2178\">Some flex circuits use rigid parts made from aluminum or stainless steel. These rigid parts give dimensional stability. They give physical support for parts and wires. They also reduce stress. Adhesive bonds the rigid parts to the flexible circuit.<\/p><p data-start=\"2180\" data-end=\"2429\">Another common material is a bonding layer that coats both sides of the insulating film. This bonding layer gives insulation and helps join layers. It can remove the need for some film layers and lets manufacturers bond many layers with fewer parts.<\/p><p data-start=\"2431\" data-end=\"2630\">There are many insulating film types. The most used are polyimide and polyester. About eighty percent of flexible circuit makers in the US use polyimide film. About twenty percent use polyester film.<\/p><p data-start=\"2632\" data-end=\"3231\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dupont.com\/electronics-industrial\/kapton-polyimide-film.html\">Polyimide <\/a>is not easy to burn. It keeps its shape, resists tearing, and can stand soldering heat. Polyester, also called PET (polyethylene terephthalate), has physical traits close to polyimide. It has a lower dielectric constant and absorbs less moisture. But it does not resist high heat as well. Polyester melts at around 250\u00b0C and has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of about 80\u00b0C. This limits its use in products that need heavy board-edge soldering. In low temperature uses, polyester can act stiff. Still, polyester is good for phones and other products that do not face harsh conditions.<\/p><p data-start=\"3233\" data-end=\"3357\">Polyimide films are often paired with polyimide or acrylic adhesives. Polyester films usually pair with polyester adhesives.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_1968\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1968 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Polyimide-films.webp\" alt=\"Polyimide film rolls\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" \/> Rolls of PI film, a common base material for flexible circuits[\/caption]<h2 data-start=\"3359\" data-end=\"3374\">2. Conductor<\/h2><p data-start=\"3375\" data-end=\"3733\">Copper foil is a good fit for flexible circuits. Copper foil can be made by electro-deposition (ED) or by rolling and annealing (RA). One side of ED copper is shiny. The other side has a matte process surface. ED copper is bendable and can come in many thicknesses and widths. The matte side of ED copper often gets special treatment to make it stick better.<\/p><p data-start=\"3735\" data-end=\"3868\">RA copper is both flexible and smooth. It can be stronger. RA copper is useful in designs that need repeated bending or dynamic flex.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_1964\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1964 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Copper-foil.webp\" alt=\"Copper foil processing for FPC manufacturing\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" \/> Copper foil roll being slit for flexible PCB production.[\/caption]<h2 data-start=\"3870\" data-end=\"3884\">3. Adhesive<\/h2><p data-start=\"3885\" data-end=\"4147\">Adhesives do more than bond the insulating film to the conductor. They can act as cover layers, protective coatings, or overlay layers. The main difference is how the layer is applied. The cover layer bonds to the insulating film and forms a laminated structure.<\/p><p data-start=\"4149\" data-end=\"4559\">Screen printing is used for adhesive coverage and coating. Not all laminated structures use adhesives. Adhesive-free laminates make thinner, more flexible circuits. They also offer better heat transfer than adhesive-based laminates. Because there is no adhesive layer to block heat, heat moves through the circuit better. This lets adhesive-free flex operate in conditions where adhesive-based flex might fail.<\/p><hr data-start=\"4561\" data-end=\"4564\" \/><h1 data-start=\"4566\" data-end=\"4615\">Soldering steps for FPC (FPC soldering process)<\/h1><p data-start=\"4617\" data-end=\"4783\">Below are practical steps for hand soldering a PQFP chip and common SMD parts on flexible circuits. Use these steps as a clear guide. Follow safety and ESD rules too.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_1967\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"700\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1967 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/FPC-soldering.webp\" alt=\"FPC assembly with soldered parts\" width=\"700\" height=\"466\" \/> Flexible PCB with components soldered during assembly process.[\/caption]<ol data-start=\"4785\" data-end=\"6282\"><li data-start=\"4785\" data-end=\"4938\"><p data-start=\"4788\" data-end=\"4938\">Before soldering, apply flux to the pads. Use an iron to treat the pads. This avoids bad tinning or pad oxidation. Chips usually do not need pre-work.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"4940\" data-end=\"5460\"><p data-start=\"4943\" data-end=\"5460\">Use tweezers to carefully place the PQFP chip on the PCB. Do this to avoid bending or breaking the leads. Align the chip with the pads. Make sure the chip points the right way. Heat the iron to above 300\u00b0C. Put a little solder on the iron tip. Press down the aligned chip with a tool. Add a small amount of solder to two diagonal pins. Hold the chip and solder the two diagonal pins. This will fix the chip in place. After those two pins are soldered, check alignment. If needed, move or remove and re-place the chip.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5462\" data-end=\"5766\"><p data-start=\"5465\" data-end=\"5766\">When you start soldering all pins, add solder to the iron tip. Apply flux to all pins to keep them wet. Touch the iron tip to the end of each pin until you see solder flow into the pin. Keep the iron tip parallel to the pins during soldering. This helps stop pins from bridging due to too much solder.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"5768\" data-end=\"6076\"><p data-start=\"5771\" data-end=\"6076\">After soldering all pins, use flux to wet all pins and clean the solder. Remove extra solder to remove shorts and bridges. Finally, use tweezers to inspect for bad solder joints. When done, clean the board. Use alcohol and a stiff brush, then wipe along the pin direction until the solder residue is gone.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"6078\" data-end=\"6282\"><p data-start=\"6081\" data-end=\"6282\">SMD resistors and capacitors are easier. Place the part on a pad. Then place one end on the pad and hold it with tweezers. Solder one end first. Check placement. If it is aligned, solder the other end.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"6284\" data-end=\"6287\" \/><h1 data-start=\"6289\" data-end=\"6345\">Key differences between rigid PCB and flexible circuit<\/h1><p data-start=\"6347\" data-end=\"6628\">Rigid PCBs are what people usually think of as circuit boards. They use conductors and other parts on a non-conductive board. The non-conductive board often contains glass. The glass makes the board strong and stiff. Rigid PCBs give good support for parts and good heat resistance.<\/p><p data-start=\"6630\" data-end=\"6927\">Flexible PCBs also have conductive traces on a non-conductive base. But the base is flexible, like polyimide. A flexible base lets the circuit bend, handle vibration, cool well, and fold into many shapes. Because of these shapes, flex circuits are now common in compact and new electronic designs.<\/p><p data-start=\"6929\" data-end=\"7000\">Besides the base material and stiffness, other big differences include:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7002\" data-end=\"7467\"><li data-start=\"7002\" data-end=\"7135\"><p data-start=\"7004\" data-end=\"7135\">Conductor choice: Flex often uses softer RA copper instead of hard ED copper. This helps if the circuit must bend without cracking.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7137\" data-end=\"7259\"><p data-start=\"7139\" data-end=\"7259\">Manufacturing: Flex makers do not use soldermask like rigid PCBs. They use coverlay or covercoat to protect bare traces.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7261\" data-end=\"7467\"><p data-start=\"7263\" data-end=\"7467\">Cost: Flex circuits usually cost more than rigid boards. But a flex board can let engineers shrink a product. That can lower the total product cost because a smaller product may cost less to make or ship.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"7469\" data-end=\"7472\" \/><h1 data-start=\"7474\" data-end=\"7521\">How to choose between rigid and flexible PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"7523\" data-end=\"7747\">Both types can work in many products. Some uses benefit more from one type. For example, rigid PCBs make sense in larger products like TVs and desktop PCs. Compact products like phones and wearables often need flex circuits.<\/p><p data-start=\"7749\" data-end=\"7778\">When you choose, think about:<\/p><ul data-start=\"7779\" data-end=\"7920\"><li data-start=\"7779\" data-end=\"7811\"><p data-start=\"7781\" data-end=\"7811\">What your product needs to do.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7812\" data-end=\"7867\"><p data-start=\"7814\" data-end=\"7867\">What the industry normally uses for similar products.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"7868\" data-end=\"7920\"><p data-start=\"7870\" data-end=\"7920\">How using one type might change costs or assembly.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"7922\" data-end=\"8067\">If your device needs folding, bending, or space saving, pick flex. If you need low cost and high mounting strength for large parts, choose rigid.<\/p><hr data-start=\"8069\" data-end=\"8072\" \/><h1 data-start=\"8074\" data-end=\"8104\">Stiffeners for flexible PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"8106\" data-end=\"8355\">Stiffeners are also called reinforcement plates, support plates, or strengthening ribs. They are used in electronics to control flex. Stiffeners solve the problem that flex boards can be too bendy. They make plug-in areas stronger and help assembly.<\/p>[caption id=\"attachment_1969\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1969 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stiffeners-for-flexible-PCBs.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB with stiffener for improved connector strength and bending support\" width=\"400\" height=\"364\" \/> Flexible printed circuit board featuring a stiffener to enhance mechanical stability during assembly[\/caption]<p data-start=\"8357\" data-end=\"8380\">Common stiffener types:<\/p><ul data-start=\"8381\" data-end=\"8556\"><li data-start=\"8381\" data-end=\"8409\"><p data-start=\"8383\" data-end=\"8409\">Stainless steel stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8410\" data-end=\"8431\"><p data-start=\"8412\" data-end=\"8431\">Aluminum stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8432\" data-end=\"8454\"><p data-start=\"8434\" data-end=\"8454\">Polyester stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8455\" data-end=\"8477\"><p data-start=\"8457\" data-end=\"8477\">Polyimide stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8478\" data-end=\"8502\"><p data-start=\"8480\" data-end=\"8502\">Glass fiber stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8503\" data-end=\"8529\"><p data-start=\"8505\" data-end=\"8529\">PTFE (Teflon) stiffeners<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8530\" data-end=\"8556\"><p data-start=\"8532\" data-end=\"8556\">Polycarbonate stiffeners<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"8558\" data-end=\"8603\">Handling rules for polyimide (PI) stiffeners:<\/p><ol data-start=\"8604\" data-end=\"9256\"><li data-start=\"8604\" data-end=\"8660\"><p data-start=\"8607\" data-end=\"8660\">Bake PI stiffeners at 80\u00b0C for 30 minutes before use.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8661\" data-end=\"8736\"><p data-start=\"8664\" data-end=\"8736\">Work in a clean room at about 25\u00b0C and 65% relative humidity if you can.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8737\" data-end=\"8820\"><p data-start=\"8740\" data-end=\"8820\">Use fresh-cut PI stiffeners soon. If they sit more than one day, seal them well.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8821\" data-end=\"8893\"><p data-start=\"8824\" data-end=\"8893\">Clean the interface where the FPC meets the stiffener before bonding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8894\" data-end=\"8967\"><p data-start=\"8897\" data-end=\"8967\">Use correct bonding and press conditions when using different presses.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"8968\" data-end=\"9047\"><p data-start=\"8971\" data-end=\"9047\">After curing, wait for the jig to cool before opening and removing the part.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"9048\" data-end=\"9256\"><p data-start=\"9051\" data-end=\"9256\">Do not cool PI stiffeners quickly after lamination. Remove the part onto a slow-heat carrier like glass fiber cloth if you must. If you use a platen press, wait until the product cools to room temperature.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><hr data-start=\"9258\" data-end=\"9261\" \/><h1 data-start=\"9263\" data-end=\"9313\">How to prevent dents and cracks in flexible PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"9315\" data-end=\"9436\">The neutral bending axis of a flex circuit may not be centered in the stack. Proper handling helps stop dents and cracks.<\/p><p data-start=\"9438\" data-end=\"9765\">Flexible PCBs are like mechanical parts as well as electrical parts. The trace layout must make the whole circuit strong. Unlike a rigid board, a flex board can bend, twist, and fold to fit inside the final product. If the bend goes beyond a point, the copper is put under strong tension. That can break the flex or make dents.<\/p><p data-start=\"9767\" data-end=\"9958\">Flex gives designers options that rigid boards do not. Even when flex is right for the job, that does not mean copper traces will never fail. Copper also has limits on the stress it can take.<\/p><p data-start=\"9960\" data-end=\"10153\">You need to watch many things, especially when the product will see dynamic bending (bending while in use) or when it must fold into small housing spaces. Precision is important to avoid crack.<\/p><hr data-start=\"10155\" data-end=\"10158\" \/><h1 data-start=\"10160\" data-end=\"10211\">Design considerations to improve<\/h1><h1 data-start=\"10160\" data-end=\"10211\">flex and bending<\/h1>[caption id=\"attachment_1965\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1965 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Design-considerations-to-improve-flex-and-bending.webp\" alt=\"FPC bend radius optimization with visible circuitry\" width=\"400\" height=\"362\" \/> Flexible printed circuit board demonstrating bend and fold design considerations[\/caption]<p data-start=\"10213\" data-end=\"10275\">Below are clear design ideas to increase life and reliability.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10277\" data-end=\"10318\">Know the stress points and bend radius<\/h2><p data-start=\"10319\" data-end=\"10516\">Know the limits for bending, folding, and twisting. For single-sided flex, if the stretch or squeeze exceeds the bend radius or stress point, the copper will crack. Always work inside these limits.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10518\" data-end=\"10533\">Neutral axis<\/h2><p data-start=\"10534\" data-end=\"10751\">For dynamic flex use, single-sided flex designs are best. Single-sided gives the copper room to sit near the structure center. In this layout, the copper is not strongly compressed or stretched during dynamic bending.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10753\" data-end=\"10773\">Thinner is better<\/h2><p data-start=\"10774\" data-end=\"10957\">Thinner stacks bend more easily. They have a smaller inner bend radius and less stress on the outer layer. For parts that bend a lot, use thinner copper and thinner dielectric layers.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"10959\" data-end=\"10975\">I-beam layout<\/h2><p data-start=\"10976\" data-end=\"11207\">I-beam means copper or dielectric layers overlap directly on both sides. This makes the fold area stronger. Because the inner layer compresses, the outer layer sees more stretch. To reduce this, offset the traces on opposite sides.<\/p><h2 data-start=\"11209\" data-end=\"11232\">Sharp bends or folds<\/h2><p data-start=\"11233\" data-end=\"11493\">Many flex boards are designed to fold. A well-made board can take the first fold or twist. But repeatedly folding a creased area is not good. The copper will break over time. It is not recommended. Use design tricks like rounded corner traces in the fold area.<\/p><p data-start=\"11495\" data-end=\"11524\">Other tips to avoid cracking:<\/p><ul data-start=\"11525\" data-end=\"11739\"><li data-start=\"11525\" data-end=\"11562\"><p data-start=\"11527\" data-end=\"11562\">Use soldered or tinned trace paths.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11563\" data-end=\"11624\"><p data-start=\"11565\" data-end=\"11624\">Use RA copper or ED copper with controlled grain direction.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11625\" data-end=\"11674\"><p data-start=\"11627\" data-end=\"11674\">Use a covering polyimide film in the bend area.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11675\" data-end=\"11739\"><p data-start=\"11677\" data-end=\"11739\">Use stiffener ribs on the bottom and a cover layer on the top.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"11741\" data-end=\"11744\" \/><h1 data-start=\"11746\" data-end=\"11788\">Other practical design and process notes<\/h1><ul data-start=\"11790\" data-end=\"12375\"><li data-start=\"11790\" data-end=\"11881\"><p data-start=\"11792\" data-end=\"11881\">When you load parts, keep traces away from holes and sharp edges. This lowers break risk.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11882\" data-end=\"11942\"><p data-start=\"11884\" data-end=\"11942\">Use round pad shapes and add fillets on traces near bends.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"11943\" data-end=\"12028\"><p data-start=\"11945\" data-end=\"12028\">Keep vias out of high-stress bend zones. If you must place vias, use reinforcement.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12029\" data-end=\"12125\"><p data-start=\"12031\" data-end=\"12125\">Use radiused corners on traces and pads. Right angles concentrate stress and can cause cracks.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12126\" data-end=\"12256\"><p data-start=\"12128\" data-end=\"12256\">When you route traces across a fold, try to route them perpendicular to the fold axis when possible. This lowers tensile stress.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12257\" data-end=\"12375\"><p data-start=\"12259\" data-end=\"12375\">For repeated motion, try to use a flex-to-board transition that keeps the bend in a free area with no parts or vias.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"12377\" data-end=\"12380\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12382\" data-end=\"12425\">Assembly handling and environmental notes<\/h1><ul data-start=\"12427\" data-end=\"12911\"><li data-start=\"12427\" data-end=\"12537\"><p data-start=\"12429\" data-end=\"12537\">Store polyimide and other materials in dry, sealed bags. Moisture can harm adhesives and cause delamination.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12538\" data-end=\"12590\"><p data-start=\"12540\" data-end=\"12590\">Keep work areas clean. Dust and oils harm bonding.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12591\" data-end=\"12714\"><p data-start=\"12593\" data-end=\"12714\">For reflow soldering, follow the material\u2019s time-temperature limits. Polyimide handles high heat, but polyester does not.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12715\" data-end=\"12825\"><p data-start=\"12717\" data-end=\"12825\">When you use adhesives, follow cure curves and cooling steps. Cooling too fast can cause stress and warpage.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"12826\" data-end=\"12911\"><p data-start=\"12828\" data-end=\"12911\">Use ESD protection when you handle flex circuits. Some circuits have sensitive ICs.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"12913\" data-end=\"12916\" \/><h1 data-start=\"12918\" data-end=\"12956\">Common applications of flexible PCBs<\/h1><p data-start=\"12958\" data-end=\"13005\">Flexible circuits are popular in many products:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13006\" data-end=\"13232\"><li data-start=\"13006\" data-end=\"13033\"><p data-start=\"13008\" data-end=\"13033\">Mobile phones and tablets<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13034\" data-end=\"13043\"><p data-start=\"13036\" data-end=\"13043\">Cameras<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13044\" data-end=\"13062\"><p data-start=\"13046\" data-end=\"13062\">Wearable devices<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13063\" data-end=\"13092\"><p data-start=\"13065\" data-end=\"13092\">Medical devices and sensors<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13093\" data-end=\"13133\"><p data-start=\"13095\" data-end=\"13133\">Automotive sensors and dashboard parts<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13134\" data-end=\"13170\"><p data-start=\"13136\" data-end=\"13170\">Aerospace and military electronics<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13171\" data-end=\"13198\"><p data-start=\"13173\" data-end=\"13198\">LED lighting and displays<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13199\" data-end=\"13232\"><p data-start=\"13201\" data-end=\"13232\">Connectors and cable assemblies<\/p><\/li><\/ul>[caption id=\"attachment_1963\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1963 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Application-of-Flexible-PCB-in-Mobile-Phones.webp\" alt=\"Flexible PCB installed inside smartphone for flexible connections\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" \/> Flexible printed circuit board used in smartphones to connect components within a compact space[\/caption]<p data-start=\"13234\" data-end=\"13321\">Their main benefits are small size, light weight, and the ability to fit in odd shapes.<\/p><hr data-start=\"13323\" data-end=\"13326\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13328\" data-end=\"13368\">Advantages and limits of flex circuits<\/h1><p data-start=\"13370\" data-end=\"13381\">Advantages:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13382\" data-end=\"13605\"><li data-start=\"13382\" data-end=\"13413\"><p data-start=\"13384\" data-end=\"13413\">Save space and reduce weight.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13414\" data-end=\"13446\"><p data-start=\"13416\" data-end=\"13446\">Allow moving or folding parts.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13447\" data-end=\"13512\"><p data-start=\"13449\" data-end=\"13512\">Lower connector needs because flex can be wired between boards.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13513\" data-end=\"13560\"><p data-start=\"13515\" data-end=\"13560\">Good thermal performance when designed right.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13561\" data-end=\"13605\"><p data-start=\"13563\" data-end=\"13605\">Improved reliability in many dynamic uses.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><p data-start=\"13607\" data-end=\"13614\">Limits:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13615\" data-end=\"13796\"><li data-start=\"13615\" data-end=\"13655\"><p data-start=\"13617\" data-end=\"13655\">Cost is higher than simple rigid PCBs.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13656\" data-end=\"13686\"><p data-start=\"13658\" data-end=\"13686\">Handling requires more care.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13687\" data-end=\"13741\"><p data-start=\"13689\" data-end=\"13741\">Some materials cannot withstand high soldering heat.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13742\" data-end=\"13796\"><p data-start=\"13744\" data-end=\"13796\">Dynamic bending short-life risks if design is wrong.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"13798\" data-end=\"13801\" \/><h1 data-start=\"13803\" data-end=\"13831\">Testing and quality checks<\/h1><p data-start=\"13833\" data-end=\"13855\">To ensure reliability:<\/p><ul data-start=\"13856\" data-end=\"14147\"><li data-start=\"13856\" data-end=\"13902\"><p data-start=\"13858\" data-end=\"13902\">Use bend testing to check dynamic bend life.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13903\" data-end=\"13966\"><p data-start=\"13905\" data-end=\"13966\">Use thermal cycling to test resistance to temperature change.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"13967\" data-end=\"14020\"><p data-start=\"13969\" data-end=\"14020\">Inspect with X-ray or microscope for hidden cracks.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14021\" data-end=\"14096\"><p data-start=\"14023\" data-end=\"14096\">Use pull tests on glued stiffeners and connectors to check hold strength.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14097\" data-end=\"14147\"><p data-start=\"14099\" data-end=\"14147\">Check impedance and continuity for signal lines.<\/p><\/li><\/ul><hr data-start=\"14149\" data-end=\"14152\" \/><h1 data-start=\"14154\" data-end=\"14182\">Final notes and quick tips<\/h1><ul data-start=\"14184\" data-end=\"14750\"><li data-start=\"14184\" data-end=\"14300\"><p data-start=\"14186\" data-end=\"14300\">Choose polyimide for higher heat and higher reliability. Choose polyester when lower cost and lower heat are okay.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14301\" data-end=\"14364\"><p data-start=\"14303\" data-end=\"14364\">For dynamic flex, use single-sided thin stacks and RA copper.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14365\" data-end=\"14418\"><p data-start=\"14367\" data-end=\"14418\">Add stiffeners at connector areas to help assembly.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14419\" data-end=\"14487\"><p data-start=\"14421\" data-end=\"14487\">Keep bend radii large when you can. Larger radii give longer life.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14488\" data-end=\"14613\"><p data-start=\"14490\" data-end=\"14613\">If you see dents or cracks early, review the bend location and the stack. Change copper type, thickness, or add a coverlay.<\/p><\/li><li data-start=\"14614\" data-end=\"14750\"><p data-start=\"14616\" data-end=\"14750\">Make sure assembly steps match the material limits. For example, do not use high-temperature solder processes on polyester-based flex.<\/p><\/li><\/ul>","display_condition_list":[{"display_condition_login_status":"subscriber","_id":"2715cb6"}],"__dynamic__":[]},"elements":[],"widgetType":"text-editor"}\\\"]\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-eea6e68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\\\" data-id=\\\"eea6e68\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-e-type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"heading.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<h2 class=\\\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\\\">Flexible PCB\\u2014 Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a0f15 uael-faq-box-layout-yes align-at-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-faq\\\" data-id=\\\"b7a0f15\\\" data-element_type=\\\"widget\\\" data-e-type=\\\"widget\\\" data-widget_type=\\\"uael-faq.default\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"elementor-widget-container\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t<div id='uael-faq-wrapper-192' class=\\\"uael-faq-wrapper\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-faq-container uael-faq-layout-accordion\\\" data-layout=\\\"accordion\\\" >\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-e04a2b1\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-e04a2b1 uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-1-69fc2684e1079\\\">What is a flexible PCB (FPC)?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: A flexible PCB (FPC) is a bendable circuit board made on a thin film such as polyimide (PI) or polyester (PET). It can fold, roll, and fit in three-dimensional space. It saves space and reduces the need for connectors.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-bc665c2\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-bc665c2 uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-2-69fc2684e10e7\\\">Which is better, PI or PET? What is the difference?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: PI (polyimide) resists high heat, tears less, and is more reliable. Use PI when you need high-temperature reflow or harsh environments. PET (polyester) costs less, has lower dielectric constant, and absorbs less moisture, but it does not resist high heat well. Use PET for phones and other mild-environment products.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-3054ff9\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-3054ff9 uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-3-69fc2684e1125\\\">What conductor materials are common for flex boards?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: Copper foil is common. There are ED (electro-deposited) copper and RA (rolled-annealed) copper. RA copper is better for designs that bend often.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-89f20a0\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-89f20a0 uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-4-69fc2684e1167\\\">What is a stiffener and when do I need one?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: A stiffener is a reinforcement piece (for example PI, metal, or fiberglass). Use a stiffener to strengthen connector or solder areas, to make assembly easier, or to protect an interface.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-d110c0d\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-d110c0d uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-5-69fc2684e11a2\\\">How do I prevent cracks or dents in a flexible PCB?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: Control the bend radius in the design. Do not place parts or many vias in the bend area. Use the right copper thickness and dielectric thickness. Add stiffeners or coverlay at key places. Do not fold the same crease many times.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-edf59f6\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-edf59f6 uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-6-69fc2684e11d8\\\">What is the recommended minimum bend radius?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>Answer: Use a rule of thumb: the bend radius = (ratio) \\u00d7 total flex thickness. For a single-layer static bend (bent once and kept), a common guideline is <strong data-start=\\\"1744\\\" data-end=\\\"1762\\\">10 \\u00d7 thickness<\\\/strong>. For a single-layer dynamic bend (bends many times), a common guideline is <strong data-start=\\\"1838\\\" data-end=\\\"1857\\\">100 \\u00d7 thickness<\\\/strong>.<br data-start=\\\"1858\\\" data-end=\\\"1861\\\" data-is-only-node=\\\"\\\" \\\/>Example: if the flex is 0.20 mm thick, then static radius = 0.20 \\u00d7 10 = 2.0 mm, and dynamic radius = 0.20 \\u00d7 100 = 20.0 mm.<\\\/p><p>Note: Guidelines vary by layer count, materials, and use. Check your contract manufacturer or IPC \\\/ supplier DFM rules for exact limits.<\\\/p><p>\\u00a0<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div id=\\\"uael-accordion-43aa5ef\\\" class=\\\"uael-faq-accordion\\\" role=\\\"tablist\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class= \\\"uael-accordion-title\\\" aria-expanded=\\\"false\\\" role=\\\"tab\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon uael-accordion-icon-left\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-closed\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-right\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 256 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M224.3 273l-136 136c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0l-22.6-22.6c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l96.4-96.4-96.4-96.4c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L54.3 103c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l136 136c9.5 9.4 9.5 24.6.1 34z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-accordion-icon-opened\\\"><svg class=\\\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-angle-up\\\" viewBox=\\\"0 0 320 512\\\" xmlns=\\\"http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\\"><path d=\\\"M177 159.7l136 136c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9l-22.6 22.6c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L160 255.9l-96.4 96.4c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9 0L7 329.7c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9l136-136c9.4-9.5 24.6-9.5 34-.1z\\\"><\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span class=\\\"uael-question-43aa5ef uael-question-span\\\" tabindex=\\\"0\\\" id=\\\"uael-faq-7-69fc2684e1211\\\">What is your sample lead time?<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<div class=\\\"uael-accordion-content\\\" role=\\\"tabpanel\\\">\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<span><p>We typically produce and dispatch PCB samples within <strong data-start=\\\"313\\\" data-end=\\\"325\\\">48 hours<\\\/strong> after order confirmation, final artwork (Gerber) approval, and payment. Shipping time is separate and depends on the courier and destination.<\\\/p><\\\/span>\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_page_assets":["a:9:{s:3:\"css\";s:30170:\".uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media(max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media(max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}}.uagb-social-share__outer-wrap,.uagb-social-share__wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.uagb-social-share__layout-vertical.uagb-social-share__outer-wrap,.uagb-social-share__layout-vertical 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