{"id":2392,"date":"2025-09-04T01:44:37","date_gmt":"2025-09-04T01:44:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?page_id=2392"},"modified":"2025-09-26T07:07:14","modified_gmt":"2025-09-26T07:07:14","slug":"hasl-pcb","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-manufacturer\/hasl-pcb\/","title":{"rendered":"Bo m\u1ea1ch in HASL"},"content":{"rendered":"
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HASL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>
HASL l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Hot Air Solder Leveling (L\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng. Trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). Sau \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00ed n\u00e9n n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed5i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng l\u1edbp h\u00e0n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1ecfi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t.<\/div>
Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng, h\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng-thi\u1ebfc t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. Trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o dung d\u1ecbch h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y. C\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun kh\u00ed s\u1ebd th\u1ed5i ph\u1eb3ng l\u1edbp h\u00e0n l\u1ecfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i. C\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun kh\u00ed n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t meniscus c\u1ee7a h\u00e0n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u h\u00e0n.<\/div>
\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n th\u1eeba tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u1ed7. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch l\u1ed9 ra v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. HASL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t PCB ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/div>

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/h3>
  1. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh HASL, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec-thi\u1ebfc m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n khi dung d\u1ecbch m\u1ea1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u00ec\/thi\u1ebfc trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/div><\/li>
  2. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng tia h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 HASL bao ph\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao h\u01a1n khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 HASL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t (SMT).<\/div><\/li>
  3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a dao kh\u00ed, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e2ng t\u1ea5m m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp h\u00e0n mong mu\u1ed1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/div><\/li>
  4. Khi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0103n m\u00f2n theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed1i ch\u1eadp do h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec-thi\u1ebfc b\u00e1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 HASL kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch, do \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed1i ch\u1eadp c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nh\u0103n ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n.<\/div><\/li><\/ol>

    Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/h3>
    1. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed3ng trong b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n. Trong quy tr\u00ecnh HASL, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n. Khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 0,291% ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea3y. L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00e1n th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat.<\/div><\/li>
    2. Ch\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf cho h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec-thi\u1ebfc trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/div><\/li>
    3. Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao. M\u1ed9t m\u00e1y HASL nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n ba tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 HASL cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng keo n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y.<\/div><\/li>
    4. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh HASL. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cong ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1n v\u1eb9o t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n PCB v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ecb bong l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh HASL g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/div><\/li><\/ol>

      Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh HASL<\/strong><\/h2>
      C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh HASL bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n, th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed, g\u00f3c dao kh\u00ed, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c dao kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/div>
      1. Th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m:<\/strong>
        Th\u1eddi gian nh\u00fang c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00fang, \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfc trong h\u1ee3p kim h\u00e0n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i (IMC). \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u00e0n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n 2\u20134 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra IMC t\u1ed1t. Th\u1eddi gian c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i, l\u1edbp h\u00e0n c\u00e0ng d\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u00fang qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00f5i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bong tr\u00f3c v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9p. N\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u01b0\u1edbt m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eafng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0n tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ed3 gh\u1ec1.<\/div><\/li>
      2. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n:<\/strong>
        Lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim ch\u00ec 37% \/ thi\u1ebfc 63%, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 183\u00b0C. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 183\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 221\u00b0C, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u1ede 221\u00b0C, h\u00e0n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt. Ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 221\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 293\u00b0C. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft cho th\u1ea5y 232\u00b0C l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kho\u1ea3ng 250\u00b0C th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/div><\/li>
      3. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed:<\/strong>
        Sau khi nh\u00fang, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00e1m tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean m\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y. Dao kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed5i bay ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n th\u1eeba v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean m\u1ea1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u1ed7 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u00e1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng cao v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng nhanh, l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n c\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh HASL. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 0,3\u20130,5 MPa.<\/div>
        \u00c1p su\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau dao c\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp sao cho \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ph\u00eda sau th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 0,05 MPa. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00eda sau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c IC ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n SMT b\u1ecb nh\u00f4 l\u00ean. Vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/div><\/li>
      4. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed:<\/strong>
        Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng t\u1eeb dao kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong dao kh\u00ed s\u1ebd gi\u00fap kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u00e3n n\u1edf. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ec3 t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp h\u00e0n sau khi l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi 93\u00b0C, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbp h\u00e0n tr\u00f4ng x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng, v\u1ebb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt. \u1ede 176\u00b0C, v\u1ebb x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 176\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp h\u00e0n ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb9p, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 300\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn 400\u00b0C.<\/div><\/li>
      5. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao kh\u00ed:<\/strong>
        Khi lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2i phun dao kh\u00ed, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c n\u00e0y t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao. Do \u0111\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng c\u00e0ng y\u1ebfu. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun dao kh\u00ed l\u00e0 0,95\u20131,25 cm. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f2i phun qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf, v\u00ec ma s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c dao kh\u00ed tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng 4 mm. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1eafn t\u00f3e h\u00e0n.<\/div><\/li>
      6. G\u00f3c dao kh\u00ed:<\/strong>
        G\u00f3c nghi\u00eang c\u1ee7a dao phun kh\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp h\u00e0n. N\u1ebfu g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp h\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. G\u00f3c nghi\u00eang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y b\u1eafn tung t\u00f3e v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c dao phun kh\u00ed \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00eang xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 4 \u0111\u1ed9. C\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1eb9 t\u00f9y theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0n.<\/div><\/li>
      7. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e2ng b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i (t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u0103ng t\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c thang m\u00e1y):<\/strong>
        M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n qua c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao kh\u00ed. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm khi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 s\u1ebd m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh khi\u1ebfn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 d\u00e0y h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ecbt k\u00edn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7.<\/div><\/li>
      8. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/strong>
        Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb1m k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea l\u00e0 343\u00b0C. Sau 15 gi\u00e2y l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 80\u00b0C. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n HASL kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/div><\/li><\/ol>
        D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh HASL ch\u00ednh, ph\u1ea1m vi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o nhanh khi b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m tra d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/div>

        Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy tr\u00ecnh \u2014 b\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/strong><\/h4>
        Tham s\u1ed1<\/th>Ph\u1ea1m vi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/th>L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
        Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n (ch\u00ec)<\/strong><\/td>245\u2013260<\/td>\u00b0C<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 250\u00b0C. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cong v\u00e1n.<\/td><\/tr>
        Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n (kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec)<\/strong><\/td>280\u2013300<\/td>\u00b0C<\/td>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 290\u00b0C. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr>
        Th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m<\/strong><\/td>2\u20134<\/td>s<\/td>Qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i \u2192 t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt. Qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn \u2192 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m k\u00e9m.<\/td><\/tr>
        \u00c1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>0,30\u20130,50<\/td>MPa<\/td>C\u00e0ng cao \u2192 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng. Ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat (\u22480,05 MPa).<\/td><\/tr>
        Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dao kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\u2265176; ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn 300\u2013400<\/td>\u00b0C<\/td>C\u00e0ng cao \u2192 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng san ph\u1eb3ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/td><\/tr>
        Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch dao kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>0,95\u20131,25<\/td>cm<\/td>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn \u2192 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng y\u1ebfu.<\/td><\/tr>
        G\u00f3c dao kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>2\u00b0\u20136\u00b0 (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 4\u00b0)<\/td>\u00b0<\/td>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/td><\/tr>
        Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/td>120\u2013180<\/td>\u00b0C<\/td>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch: 60\u2013100\u00b0C.<\/td><\/tr>
        Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/td>10\u201330<\/td>s<\/td>Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1c nhi\u1ec7t.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>
        H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea1y th\u1eed c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eebng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t. Ki\u1ec3m tra xem c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed1i c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, h\u00e3y thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/div>

        HASL c\u00f3 ch\u00ec so v\u1edbi HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec<\/strong><\/h3>
        Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn HASL, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 PCB c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m HASL, m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng ng\u00e2m, m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, OSP, v.v. HASL c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 hai d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/div>
        1. HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 218\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 280\u2013300\u00b0C; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n s\u00f3ng n\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 260\u00b0C; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 260\u2013270\u00b0C.<\/div><\/li>
        2. HASL ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y kho\u1ea3ng 183\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi HASL ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec3 h\u00e0n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 245\u2013260\u00b0C; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n s\u00f3ng n\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 250\u00b0C; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nung l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 245\u2013255\u00b0C.<\/div><\/li>
        3. H\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0n: l\u1edbp HASL ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec tr\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n, c\u00f2n l\u1edbp HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec tr\u00f4ng x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u h\u01a1n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec k\u00e9m h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi l\u1edbp HASL ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec.<\/div><\/li>
        4. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec: h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,51% trong khi h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3,71%.<\/div><\/li>
        5. Ch\u00ec gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00fat ch\u00ec v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. D\u00e2y h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi d\u00e2y h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi ch\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u00e2y h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n s\u1ebd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn h\u01a1n.<\/div><\/li>
        6. V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t PCB, HASL ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec v\u00e0 HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 nhau. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1.<\/div><\/li><\/ol>

          L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t PCB s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 HASL c\u00f3 ch\u00ec hay kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>
          1. H\u00e3y quan s\u00e1t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n. M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec tr\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng. M\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec (h\u1ee3p kim SAC) tr\u00f4ng x\u1ec9n m\u00e0u h\u01a1n. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec k\u00e9m h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec.<\/div><\/li>
          2. Ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p kim SAC (SnAgCu) l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 217\u00b0C, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n n\u00ean cao h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb 30\u201350\u00b0C. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p kim c\u00f3 ch\u00ec (Sn63Pb37), nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y l\u00e0 183\u00b0C.<\/div><\/li>
          3. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec: ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ec \u2264 0,51%, trong khi ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 3,71% ch\u00ec.<\/div><\/li>
          4. Ch\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n c\u00f3 ch\u00ec d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao h\u01a1n.<\/div><\/li><\/ol>

            T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h2>
            HASL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t. HASL c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m. N\u00f3 che ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1c m\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0n, th\u1eddi gian ng\u00e2m, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t dao kh\u00ed, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00ed, g\u00f3c dao v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. C\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec khi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tT\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn HASL \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            HASL mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed cho l\u1eafp r\u00e1p SMT ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a HASL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 HASL c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u (\u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng k\u00e9m), khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i BGA.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHASL c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi ENIG?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            HASL c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i h\u00e0n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng ENIG mang l\u1ea1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u (ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf\/BGA v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch ph\u1eb3ng). H\u00e3y l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i\/k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHASL c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n SMD v\u00e0 BGA c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c BGA c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf (<0,5 mm) ho\u1eb7c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t; trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng ENIG ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ph\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

            \n\t\t\t\t\t
            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHASL c\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hay chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            HASL th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u2014 h\u00e3y h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

            \n\t\t\t\t\t
            \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tKhi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 HASL, t\u00f4i n\u00ean ghi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung g\u00ec v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n ghi ch\u00fa gia c\u00f4ng?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

            H\u00e3y ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 HASL kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec (RoHS) hay l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 HASL ch\u00ec-thi\u1ebfc (SnPb) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, n\u00eau r\u00f5 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 khu v\u1ef1c pad ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (DFM) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pad v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            What is HASL? HASL stands for Hot Air Solder Leveling. People also call it hot air solder leveling or hot […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1898,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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            What is HASL?<\\\/strong><\\\/h2>
            HASL stands for Hot Air Solder Leveling. People also call it hot air solder leveling or hot air leveling. In this process, molten solder (which can contain lead) is applied to the PCB surface. Then hot, compressed air is blown to level the solder. The result is a coating that protects copper from oxidation and gives good solderability.<\\\/div>
            When you do hot air leveling, solder and copper form a copper-tin intermetallic compound where they join. For the process, the PCB is dipped into molten solder. The air knives blow the liquid solder flat before it cools. The air knives cut down the meniscus shape of solder on copper and stop solder bridges from forming.<\\\/div>
            The basic idea is to use hot air to remove extra solder from the board surface and from holes. What stays is a uniform solder layer on pads, exposed traces, and surface mount lands. HASL is one of the common PCB surface finish methods.<\\\/div>

            Advantages<\\\/strong><\\\/h3>
            1. After HASL, the composition of the solder coating stays the same. So the coating is consistent and solderability is good. By contrast, electroplated lead-tin alloy coatings can change composition as the plating bath changes. That means the lead\\\/tin ratio in plated layers can vary.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
            2. Infrared or hot-oil reflow methods do not fully protect the side edges of traces. HASL coats and fully covers the side edges of traces. This prevents corrosion and broken traces on the PCB. That means boards last longer in storage and use, and the finished electronic products are more reliable. HASL is widely used in SMT processes today.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
            3. By changing the air-knife angle, the board rise speed, and other process settings, you can control coating thickness. That makes it easy to get the solder layer thickness you want. It is more flexible than some hot-melt methods.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
            4. When boards are made by pattern plating and etching, wave soldering can cause bridging because lead\\\/tin alloy sits on traces. The alloy flow can also wrinkle or lift solder mask. Boards made with HASL have no solder on traces, so bridging and mask wrinkling or peeling are eliminated.<\\\/div><\\\/li><\\\/ol>

              Disadvantages<\\\/strong><\\\/h3>
              1. Copper contamination of the solder pot. In HASL the board is dipped in the solder pot for several seconds. That causes copper to dissolve into the solder. When copper reaches about 0.29% or higher in the solder, the solder loses some flow ability. The solder coating becomes semi-wetting and the board solderability drops.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
              2. Lead is a heavy metal and it is harmful to people and to the environment. Many solder coatings with lead were common. Now lead-free solders have been developed and are sold to replace lead-tin alloys in production.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
              3. High production cost. A good imported HASL machine can cost more than three hundred thousand US dollars. This makes HASL production cost higher than some hot-melt methods.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
              4. Large thermal shock in HASL. The big heat change can warp or bow the PCB substrate and the board can lift. That means HASL causes larger thermal stress.<\\\/div><\\\/li><\\\/ol>

                Control and choice of HASL process parameters<\\\/strong><\\\/h2>
                The main HASL process parameters include solder temperature, dip time, air-knife pressure, air-knife temperature, air-knife angle, distance between air knives, and board rise speed. Below is an explanation of how these parameters affect board quality.<\\\/div>
                1. Dip time (immersion time):<\\\/strong>
                  Dip time has a big effect on solder coating quality. In dipping, the base copper and the tin in the solder form an intermetallic compound (IMC). At the same time a solder layer forms on traces. This whole process usually needs 2\\u20134 seconds to make good IMC. The longer the time, the thicker the solder. But if you dip too long, the board core material can delaminate and the solder mask can blister. If time is too short, you get partial wetting. That causes local whitening of the solder surface and can make the solder surface rough.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                2. Solder pot temperature:<\\\/strong>
                  The common solder used for soldering PCBs and components is lead 37 \\\/ tin 63 alloy, whose melting point is 183\\u00b0C. When the solder temp is between 183\\u00b0C and 221\\u00b0C, its ability to form intermetallic compounds with copper is small. At 221\\u00b0C the solder enters the wetting range. The wetting range is 221\\u00b0C to 293\\u00b0C. Because high temperature can damage the board, you should pick a lower solder temp in the wetting range. Theoretical work finds 232\\u00b0C as the best solder temperature. In practice, about 250\\u00b0C is often used as the best temperature.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                3. Air-knife pressure:<\\\/strong>
                  After dipping, a lot of solder stays on the board and most plated through holes get filled with solder. The air knives are there to blow off extra solder and to open up the plated through holes without making hole diameters too small. The energy to do that comes from air-knife pressure and air speed. The higher the pressure and the faster the air, the thinner the solder coating. So air-knife pressure is one of the most important HASL parameters. Usually air-knife pressure is 0.3\\u20130.5 MPa.<\\\/div>
                  Pressure before and after the knife is usually set so the front is higher and the back is lower. The pressure difference is about 0.05 MPa. You can adjust front and back pressure based on pad patterns on the board to keep IC areas flat and to avoid SMT parts from sticking up. Check the machine manual for exact recommended values.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                4. Air-knife temperature:<\\\/strong>
                  Hot air from the air knife does not change board temperature much and it does not affect air pressure much. But raising air-knife internal temperature helps air expand. So at the same pressure, higher air temperature gives a larger air volume and faster speed. That makes stronger leveling force. Air-knife temperature also affects the appearance of the solder after leveling. When air-knife temp is below 93\\u00b0C, the layer looks dull. As air temp rises, the dull look reduces. At 176\\u00b0C the dull look goes away completely. So the air-knife temperature should not be below 176\\u00b0C. To get good flat solder, air-knife temp is often set between 300\\u00b0C and 400\\u00b0C.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                5. Distance between air knives:<\\\/strong>
                  When hot air leaves the air-knife nozzle, its speed slows down. The slowdown goes with the square of the distance between knives. So the larger the gap, the lower the air speed, and the weaker the leveling force. Typical air-knife nozzle spacing is 0.95\\u20131.25 cm. Do not make the nozzle spacing too small, or air friction can harm the board surface. The gap between upper and lower air knives is usually kept around 4 mm. Too large a gap can cause solder splatter.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                6. Air-knife angle:<\\\/strong>
                  How the knife is angled affects solder coating thickness. If the angle is wrong, the two sides of the board can get different solder thickness. Wrong angle can also cause molten solder to splatter and make noise. Usually front and back air-knives are tilted down about 4 degrees. Adjust slightly for specific board shapes and pad layout.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                7. Board rise speed (conveyor or lift speed):<\\\/strong>
                  Another variable is the speed at which the board moves through the air knives. Speed affects coating thickness. Slow speed means more air hits the board so the coating is thinner. Fast speed means the coating is thicker and can even block holes.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                8. Preheat temperature and time:<\\\/strong>
                  Preheat aims to activate flux and reduce thermal shock. Typical preheat temperature listed is 343\\u00b0C. With 15 seconds preheat, board surface can reach about 80\\u00b0C. Some HASL lines do not use a preheat step.<\\\/div><\\\/li><\\\/ol>
                  Below is a clear table that sums up the key HASL process parameters, the recommended ranges, and short notes. Use it as a quick reference when you set up or test the line.<\\\/div>

                  Process parameters \\u2014 table with recommended ranges<\\\/strong><\\\/h4>
                  Parameter<\\\/th>Recommended Range<\\\/th>Unit<\\\/th>Note<\\\/th><\\\/tr><\\\/thead>
                  Solder Pot Temp (Lead)<\\\/strong><\\\/td>245\\u2013260<\\\/td>\\u00b0C<\\\/td>Common 250\\u00b0C. Too high may warp board.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Solder Pot Temp (Lead-Free)<\\\/strong><\\\/td>280\\u2013300<\\\/td>\\u00b0C<\\\/td>Common 290\\u00b0C. Higher melting point.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Immersion Time<\\\/strong><\\\/td>2\\u20134<\\\/td>s<\\\/td>Too long \\u2192 bubbling. Too short \\u2192 poor wetting.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Air Knife Pressure<\\\/strong><\\\/td>0.30\\u20130.50<\\\/td>MPa<\\\/td>Higher \\u2192 thinner coating. Front slightly higher (\\u22480.05 MPa).<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Air Knife Temp<\\\/strong><\\\/td>\\u2265176; common 300\\u2013400<\\\/td>\\u00b0C<\\\/td>Higher \\u2192 faster air flow and better leveling.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Air Knife Gap<\\\/strong><\\\/td>0.95\\u20131.25<\\\/td>cm<\\\/td>Larger gap \\u2192 weaker airflow.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Air Knife Angle<\\\/strong><\\\/td>2\\u00b0\\u20136\\u00b0 (common 4\\u00b0)<\\\/td>\\u00b0<\\\/td>Affects coating evenness.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Preheat Temp<\\\/strong><\\\/td>120\\u2013180<\\\/td>\\u00b0C<\\\/td>Board surface target 60\\u2013100\\u00b0C.<\\\/td><\\\/tr>
                  Preheat Time<\\\/strong><\\\/td>10\\u201330<\\\/td>s<\\\/td>Reduces thermal shock.<\\\/td><\\\/tr><\\\/tbody><\\\/table>
                  Use these ranges as starting points. Then run test boards and tune one parameter at a time. Check for dull surface, bridging, or delam. If you see a problem, change one item, test again, and record the result.<\\\/div>

                  Leaded HASL vs lead-free HASL<\\\/strong><\\\/h3>
                  Many people know about HASL, but they may not know solders come in leaded and lead-free types. As electronics evolve, PCB technology keeps improving. Common surface finishes include HASL, immersion gold, electroplated gold, OSP, and so on. HASL comes as leaded and lead-free. Here\\u2019s the difference:<\\\/div>
                  1. Lead-free HASL is more eco-friendly because it does not contain lead. Its melting point is around 218\\u00b0C. For lead-free HASL, the solder pot temperature needs to be controlled at about 280\\u2013300\\u00b0C; wave solder temperature should be around 260\\u00b0C; reflow temperature is about 260\\u2013270\\u00b0C.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                  2. Leaded HASL is not eco-friendly. It contains lead and its melting point is about 183\\u00b0C. For leaded HASL the solder pot temperature should be controlled at about 245\\u2013260\\u00b0C; wave solder should be about 250\\u00b0C; reflow temp around 245\\u2013255\\u00b0C.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                  3. Look at the solder surface: leaded HASL looks brighter, lead-free HASL looks duller. Lead-free wetting is a bit worse than leaded wetting.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                  4. Lead content rules: lead-free solders have lead below 0.5% while leaded solders have lead up to 37%.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                  5. Lead helps improve solder wick and activity during soldering. Leaded solder wire is easier to use compared to lead-free wire. But lead is toxic and long-term exposure is bad for people. Lead-free solder has a higher melting point so solder joints can be stronger.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                  6. For PCB surface finish pricing, leaded HASL and lead-free HASL usually cost the same. There is no price difference in most cases.<\\\/div><\\\/li><\\\/ol>

                    How to tell if a PCB has leaded or lead-free HASL?<\\\/strong><\\\/h3>
                    1. Look at the solder surface. Leaden solder looks bright and shiny. Lead-free solder (SAC alloys) looks more dull. Lead-free wetting is a bit worse than leaded.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                    2. Leaded solder is harmful to people. Lead-free is safer. The eutectic temperature depends on the lead-free alloy. For example, SAC (SnAgCu) eutectic is near 217\\u00b0C, and soldering temp should be eutectic plus 30\\u201350\\u00b0C. For leaded eutectic (Sn63Pb37), eutectic temp is 183\\u00b0C.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                    3. Lead content: lead-free solders have lead \\u2264 0.5%, leaded can have about 37% lead.<\\\/div><\\\/li>
                    4. Lead raises solder activity so leaded solder is easier to use in soldering. But lead is toxic and bad for health. Also lead-free solder has a higher melting point, which can make solder joints mechanically stronger.<\\\/div><\\\/li><\\\/ol>

                      Summary<\\\/strong><\\\/h2>
                      HASL is a common and proven PCB finish. It protects copper and gives good solderability. HASL has pros and cons. It covers trace edges and helps reliability, but it may add thermal stress and cost. Key settings are solder temp, dip time, air-knife pressure, air temp, knife angle, and board speed. Use the table as a guide. Test and tune for each board type. Use lead-free alloys when rules or safety need it.<\\\/div>\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"e82071e\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"text-editor\"}],\"isInner\":false},{\"id\":\"ow9bnww\",\"elType\":\"section\",\"settings\":{\"gap\":\"no\",\"content_position\":\"top\",\"background_background\":\"classic\",\"background_position\":\"bottom center\",\"background_attachment\":\"scroll\",\"background_repeat\":\"no-repeat\",\"background_size\":\"cover\",\"background_size_mobile\":\"cover\",\"background_overlay_background\":\"classic\",\"background_overlay_color_b\":\"rgba(255,255,255,0)\",\"background_overlay_opacity\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":\"\",\"sizes\":[]},\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"120\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_tablet\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"80\",\"right\":\"40\",\"bottom\":\"80\",\"left\":\"40\",\"isLinked\":false},\"padding_mobile\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"50\",\"right\":\"25\",\"bottom\":\"50\",\"left\":\"25\",\"isLinked\":false},\"content_width\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"size\":800,\"sizes\":[]},\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"4f85910\"}],\"margin\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":0,\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":0,\"isLinked\":true}},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"7882748\",\"elType\":\"column\",\"settings\":{\"_column_size\":100,\"_inline_size\":null,\"padding\":{\"unit\":\"px\",\"top\":\"0\",\"right\":\"0\",\"bottom\":\"0\",\"left\":\"0\",\"isLinked\":true},\"space_between_widgets\":40,\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"6a94063\"}]},\"elements\":[{\"id\":\"9fc6712\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"title\":\"Frequently Asked Questions\",\"align\":\"center\",\"display_condition_list\":[{\"display_condition_login_status\":\"subscriber\",\"_id\":\"d6b2704\"}]},\"elements\":[],\"widgetType\":\"heading\"},{\"id\":\"631b990\",\"elType\":\"widget\",\"settings\":{\"tabs\":[{\"tab_title\":\"Why choose HASL for my PCB?\",\"tab_content\":\"

                      HASL provides excellent solderability, tolerates multiple thermal cycles, and is one of the most cost-effective surface finishes for standard SMT and through-hole assembly.<\\\/p>\",\"_id\":\"1f7b19c\"},{\"_id\":\"0c50d5a\",\"tab_title\":\"What are the main downsides of HASL?\",\"tab_content\":\"

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                      HASL is cheaper and gives robust solder joints, but ENIG offers a much flatter, more uniform surface (better for fine-pitch\\\/BGA and planar requirements). Choose based on component pitch and connector\\\/mating needs.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"969749c\",\"tab_title\":\"Is HASL suitable for fine-pitch SMD and BGAs?\",\"tab_content\":\"

                      Generally not the first choice for very fine pitch (<0.5 mm) or dense BGAs because of surface topography; many designers prefer ENIG or other planar finishes for those cases.<\\\/p>\"},{\"_id\":\"47cca4c\",\"tab_title\":\"Does HASL add lead-time or cost?\",\"tab_content\":\"

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                      Frequently Asked Questions<\\\/h2>\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t
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                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhy choose HASL for my PCB?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      HASL provides excellent solderability, tolerates multiple thermal cycles, and is one of the most cost-effective surface finishes for standard SMT and through-hole assembly.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhat are the main downsides of HASL?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      HASL can produce an uneven surface (poor planarity) compared with planar finishes, making it less ideal for very fine-pitch components and some BGAs.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tHow does HASL compare with ENIG?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      HASL is cheaper and gives robust solder joints, but ENIG offers a much flatter, more uniform surface (better for fine-pitch\\\/BGA and planar requirements). Choose based on component pitch and connector\\\/mating needs.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tIs HASL suitable for fine-pitch SMD and BGAs?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      Generally not the first choice for very fine pitch (<0.5 mm) or dense BGAs because of surface topography; many designers prefer ENIG or other planar finishes for those cases.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

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                      HASL is usually one of the lower-cost finishes and is fast to apply, but lead-free HASL may require tighter process control and slightly different handling\\u2014ask your fab for lead-time impacts.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t
                      \\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/path><\\\/svg><\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/span>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tWhat should I include in fabrication notes when requesting HASL?<\\\/a>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t

                      Specify whether you want lead-free (RoHS) or traditional SnPb HASL, any special pad area or fine-pitch concerns, and request the fab\\u2019s DFM feedback about minimum pad-to-pad clearances and planarity limits.<\\\/p><\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t<\\\/div>\\n\\t\\t<\\\/section>\\n\\t\\t\",\"scripts\":[],\"styles\":[]}}"],"_uag_css_file_name":["uag-css-2392.css"],"_uag_js_file_name":["uag-js-2392.js"]},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Philifast","author_link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/author\/2475017442jygmail-com\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"What is HASL? HASL stands for Hot Air Solder Leveling. People also call it hot air solder leveling or hot […]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2392"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3439,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2392\/revisions\/3439"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1898"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}