{"id":4593,"date":"2025-12-26T08:39:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-26T08:39:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4593"},"modified":"2025-12-26T08:39:35","modified_gmt":"2025-12-26T08:39:35","slug":"thermal-design-of-led-aluminum-pcbs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/thermal-design-of-led-aluminum-pcbs\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7t cho b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in nh\u00f4m LED"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i-\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t quang (\u0110\u00e8n LED<\/a>LED l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u00e1n d\u1eabn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. So v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e8n s\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed1t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, LED c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao, d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0y, LED \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e8n LED \u0111\u1ecf, xanh l\u00e1 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng (RGB) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e8n LED RGB r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh tinh th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng (LCD). Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u00e0u s\u1eafc s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n, r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n LED chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n LED chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ea1nh. Chi\u1ebfc tivi LCD \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n LED RGB h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sony ra m\u1eaft. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ea1t 105% c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u NTSC (National Television System Committee).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u00e8n LED t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y g\u00e2y gi\u1ea3m c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o. Hai t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i trong hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t NTSC. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n RGB-LED, c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t LED \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ea3ng LED. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n RGB-LED, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea3ng LED, c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed xung quanh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i LED \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00f4-\u0111un \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n (IMS) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u polymer ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ef1a epoxy l\u00e0m l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 75 micromet. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m IMS. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng IMS truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bong tr\u00f3c gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 35 micromet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron. Lo\u1ea1i PCB n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bong tr\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c bong v\u1ea3y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t m\u1edbi l\u00e0 4,78\u00b0C\/W, trong khi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng polymer truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 7,61\u00b0C\/W.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng. Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Electrons va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kh\u00ed tr\u01a1, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 argon, v\u00e0 ion h\u00f3a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c ion n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u1ed1c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng. Do s\u1ef1 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ecb t\u1ed1ng ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. D\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed m\u1ecfng. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian b\u1eafn ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polymer v\u00e0 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau: l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u1edbp keo d\u00e1n, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polymer, chip LED, keo d\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 b\u1eb1ng magnetron<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c electron di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c t\u1eeb g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb h\u00fat v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda substrat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron c\u00f3 ba \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u00f9ng plasma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng cho m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Th\u1ee9 hai, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a electron tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ion h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed argon. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafn ra h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Th\u1ee9 ba, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron ch\u1ee9a \u00edt t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Bo m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m ba l\u1edbp: l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. L\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m ba l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u1ec1n, l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m t\u1ea1o n\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u00f4m, c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u00f4m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee7 cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. Th\u1ee9 hai, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh anot h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh anot h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi x\u1ed1p. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi x\u1ed1p n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 250 V \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 photolithography ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 che ph\u1ee7, m\u1eabu m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00e1c chip LED \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, chip LED, PCB v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00edch h\u1ee3p duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a PCB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp m\u1ea1 kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u00e0n. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anodized. M\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean l\u1edbp n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp phim n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,15 micromet. L\u1edbp phim n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 cr\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c titan. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp phim n\u1ec1n l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anodized. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t 1000 N\/cm\u00b2, gi\u00fap li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng n\u1ec1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 320\u00b0C trong 10 gi\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9p ho\u1eb7c bong tr\u00f3c. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp phim d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 micromet. L\u1edbp phim n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed3ng, niken ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u1ed3ng-niken. L\u1edbp phim n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m khi x\u1ea3y ra bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp phim n\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp phim h\u00e0n. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec7m n\u00e0y gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng h\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,8 micromet. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0n t\u1ed1t. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u00fap h\u00e0n c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 chip LED.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh bao g\u1ed3m n\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh anot h\u00f3a l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 photolithography ho\u1eb7c che ph\u1ee7, l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n, l\u1edbp d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 in l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 h\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 h\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh anot h\u00f3a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o b\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ch\u1ee9a dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. Dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 axit sunfuric ho\u1eb7c axit oxalic, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp oxit v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh anot h\u00f3a, t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4m l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anot h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi gian anot h\u00f3a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ee7 phim, m\u1eabu m\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anodized b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 photolithography ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 che ch\u1eafn. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng photolithography, t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4m anodized \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp photoresist, ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea5m che. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 che ch\u1eafn, t\u1ea5m che \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 khi k\u1eb9p t\u1ea5m nh\u00f4m anodized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd sau<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nh\u00f4m anodized ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp, nh\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00b0C\/W. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Thermal<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau t\u00e1n gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a LED. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Method<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau t\u00e1n. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p thu\u1eadn khi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf. V\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t quang h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n LED c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n LED ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u00e1ch ly \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, \u0111o s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi gia nhi\u1ec7t, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau t\u00e1n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Schematic<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ch in PCB c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polymer truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch in PCB c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m anodized. Ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng l\u1edbp ri\u00eang l\u1ebb c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i theo chu\u1ed7i. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Thermal<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u00f4m anodized th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 59,2% so v\u1edbi PCB c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n polymer truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. S\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, PCB truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so v\u1edbi PCB anodized. Th\u1ee9 hai, l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anodized m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n polymer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n RGB-LED. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anod h\u00f3a m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polymer truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, PCB c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m anodized c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khe h\u1edf c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n anodized v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kim lo\u1ea1i ba l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00fan x\u1ea1 magnetron cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1000 N\/cm\u00b2, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbp gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ecfng h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng 59,2%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n nh\u00f4m c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anot h\u00f3a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ec1n LED RGB so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in c\u00f3 l\u1edbp n\u1ec1n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng polymer truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Introduction A light-emitting diode (LED) is a solid-state semiconductor device that converts electrical energy into light. Compared with traditional incandescent 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