{"id":4666,"date":"2026-01-22T07:41:45","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T07:41:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4666"},"modified":"2026-01-22T07:41:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-22T07:41:50","slug":"pcb-stackup-design-from-2-to-8-layers-for-emi-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-stackup-design-from-2-to-8-layers-for-emi-control\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp PCB t\u1eeb 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 l\u1edbp cho ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t EMI"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ed5ng quan, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo hai quy t\u1eafc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>M\u1ed7i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1. L\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1eef cho m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nhau nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n dung gh\u00e9p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch hai l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch t\u00e1m l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Core-Principles-of-Stackup-Design.webp\" alt=\"Core Principles of Stackup Design\" class=\"wp-image-4667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Core-Principles-of-Stackup-Design.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Core-Principles-of-Stackup-Design-300x188.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Core-Principles-of-Stackup-Design-768x480.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Core-Principles-of-Stackup-Design-18x12.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. C\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp theo s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp PCB<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u00e0 hai l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch hai l\u1edbp, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbp l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 EMI ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-manufacturer\/single-sided-pcb\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"2625\">L\u1edbp \u0111\u01a1n<\/a> V\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch hai l\u1edbp \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 EMC ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho m\u1ea1ch nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5u t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n EMC, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng: T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 EMC, c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5u t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. C\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u analog m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bo m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01a1n l\u1edbp v\u00e0 k\u00e9p l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf analog t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi 10 kHz. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ecfa ra. H\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1eef t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u1edf m\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nhau. \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf. V\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chung v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5u t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, v\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd h\u00fat d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111i qua v\u00f9ng v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch hai m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1eb7t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. L\u00e0m cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch b\u1ed1n l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp b\u1ed1n l\u1edbp th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>SIG \u2013 GND (ho\u1eb7c PWR) \u2013 PWR (ho\u1eb7c GND) \u2013 SIG<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>GND \u2013 SIG (ho\u1eb7c PWR) \u2013 SIG (ho\u1eb7c PWR) \u2013 GND<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 1,6 mm (62 mil). Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec7n dung b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch th\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"445\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Four-Layer-Board-Stackups.webp\" alt=\"Four-Layer Board Stackups\" class=\"wp-image-4668\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Four-Layer-Board-Stackups.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Four-Layer-Board-Stackups-300x167.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Four-Layer-Board-Stackups-768x427.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Four-Layer-Board-Stackups-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (SIG \u2013 GND\/PWR \u2013 PWR\/GND \u2013 SIG)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t EMI b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (ground plane) c\u1ea1nh l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u (signal layer) c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u0169ng t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ea3ng. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc 20H.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1edbp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng th\u1ee9 hai (GND \u2013 SIG\/PWR \u2013 SIG\/PWR \u2013 GND)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y khi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 chip th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c chip c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng ngu\u1ed3n. Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 hai l\u1edbp trong l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn r\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn r\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u microstrip. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u00ean trong kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t EMI, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac PCB b\u1ed1n l\u1edbp t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c v\u1edbi nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec5u ch\u00e9o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc 20H.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (DC) v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u00e1u l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 chip cao v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 cao, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u00e1u l\u1edbp. Hai c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp s\u00e1u l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn 1: SIG \u2013 GND \u2013 SIG \u2013 PWR \u2013 GND \u2013 SIG<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t v\u1edbi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00f4i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u1ea3 hai l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"449\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Six-Layer-Board-Stackups.webp\" alt=\"Six-Layer Board Stackups\" class=\"wp-image-4670\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Six-Layer-Board-Stackups.webp 800w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Six-Layer-Board-Stackups-300x168.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Six-Layer-Board-Stackups-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Six-Layer-Board-Stackups-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn 2: GND \u2013 SIG \u2013 GND \u2013 PWR \u2013 SIG \u2013 GND<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bo m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cao. N\u00f3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ea7n ph\u00eda kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00f3m t\u1eaft cho b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u00e1u l\u1edbp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 62 mil, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed1n l\u1edbp. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. So v\u1edbi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee9 hai, t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc 20H v\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc l\u1edbp g\u01b0\u01a1ng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.4 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch 8 l\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bo m\u1ea1ch 8 l\u1edbp c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 EMI do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 k\u00e9m v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lo\u1ea1i A (kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 1: ph\u00eda linh ki\u1ec7n, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 2: L\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i b\u00ean trong, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t (h\u01b0\u1edbng X)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 3: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t (h\u01b0\u1edbng Y)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 4: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 5: L\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i b\u00ean trong<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 6: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn microstrip<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c tham chi\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf ngu\u1ed3n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb (EMI) y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lo\u1ea1i B (bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 ba. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1ea3 thi l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 1: ph\u00eda linh ki\u1ec7n, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 2: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t: M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t: m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 3: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t: M\u00e1y bay c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 4: L\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lo\u1ea1i C (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 1: ph\u00eda linh ki\u1ec7n, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u 2: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t: M\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t: m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 3: L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn d\u1ea3i b\u0103ng, l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t: m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u00f3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u 4: L\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn vi d\u1ea3i, l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbp v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m: s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 linh ki\u1ec7n, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm, t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. C\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ghi ch\u00fa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, h\u00e3y thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 linh ki\u1ec7n cao, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm cao, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u cao, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI t\u1ed1t, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 l\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu ri\u00eang. L\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec5u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 trong m\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tham chi\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec7n dung c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp. \u0110i\u1ec7n dung l\u1edbp cao gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t l\u1edbp m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t (ground plane) c\u1ea1nh l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn vu\u00f4ng g\u00f3c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u ch\u00e9o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn r\u1ed9ng cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i DC m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy t\u1eafc 20H khi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u01b0u \u00fd c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1edbp g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u00e1u l\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1m l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp tham chi\u1ebfu g\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf analog t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, m\u1ea1ch in m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai l\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb (EMI).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed linh ki\u1ec7n, s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t EMI v\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, h\u00e3y cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t tham chi\u1ebfu r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbp ph\u1eb3ng h\u1eb9p khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c bo m\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a bo m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. Core Principles of Stackup Design Overall, stackup design must follow two rules: Below are example stackups from two-layer boards 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