{"id":4732,"date":"2026-02-27T06:10:50","date_gmt":"2026-02-27T06:10:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4732"},"modified":"2026-02-27T06:10:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-27T06:10:54","slug":"how-to-select-pcb-copper-thickness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/how-to-select-pcb-copper-thickness\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e1 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, lo\u1ea1i \u00e2m. T\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB). N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch. N\u00f3 k\u1ebft d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp ch\u1ed1ng h\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. Sau khi \u0103n m\u00f2n, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1eabu m\u1ea1ch. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ed3ng cu\u1ed9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e9p ph\u1eb3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m m\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng: oz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ounce (oz). Ounce l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ounce v\u00e0 gram l\u00e0:<br>1 oz \u2248 28,35 g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p PCB, 1 oz c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a 1 oz \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean 1 foot vu\u00f4ng (ft\u00b2). L\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 35 \u03bcm. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<br>1 oz = 28,35 g\/ft\u00b2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>L\u1ea5y 1 oz kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: 28,35 g.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng: 8,93 g\/cm\u00b3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 ft\u00b2 = 929,03 cm\u00b2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y (cm) = kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \/ (\u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c \u00d7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch)<br>= 28,35 \/ (8,93 \u00d7 929,03) cm<br>= 28,35 \/ 82.973,558 \u2248 0,00341721 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang micromet (\u03bcm): 0,00341721 cm = 0,00341721 \u00d7 10.000 \u03bcm = 34,17 \u03bcm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady 1 oz l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2248 <strong>34,17 micromet<\/strong>. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn l\u00e0 <strong>35 micromet<\/strong>. Trong \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, 34,17 \u03bcm = 0,03417 mm. M\u1ed9t mil = 0,0254 mm, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u2248 1,345 mil. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i <strong>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm \u2248 1,35 mil<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>0,5 oz \u2248 17,5 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2 oz \u2248 70 \u03bcm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3 oz \u2248 105 \u03bcm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-manufacturer\/multilayer-pcb\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/pcb-manufacturer\/multilayer-pcb\/\">Bo m\u1ea1ch in hai m\u1eb7t<\/a> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng <strong>35 \u03bcm (1 oz)<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>50 micromet<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>70 micromet<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch \u0111a l\u1edbp, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>35 \u03bcm (1 oz)<\/strong>. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>17,5 \u03bcm (0,5 oz)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m kho\u1ea3ng <strong>3 ounce<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng tham kh\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A) v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (mm) cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng. <strong>70 micromet<\/strong>, <strong>50 micromet<\/strong>, v\u00e0 <strong>35 micromet<\/strong>. Tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong b\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 t = 10 (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham kh\u1ea3o m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ea3ng ngu\u1ed3n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt d\u1eabn cho d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong b\u1ea3ng theo <strong>50%<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A) \/ Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng (mm) cho 70 \u03bcm<\/th><th>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A) \/ Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng (mm) cho 50 \u03bcm<\/th><th>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (A) \/ Chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng (mm) cho 35 \u03bcm<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>6,00 A \u2014 2,50 mm<\/td><td>5,10 A \u2014 2,50 mm<\/td><td>4,50 A \u2014 2,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5,10 A \u2014 2,00 mm<\/td><td>4,30 A \u2014 2,00 mm<\/td><td>4,00 A \u2014 2,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4,20 A \u2014 1,50 mm<\/td><td>3,50 A \u2014 1,50 mm<\/td><td>3,20 A \u2014 1,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,60 A \u2014 1,20 mm<\/td><td>3,00 A \u2014 1,20 mm<\/td><td>2,70 A \u2014 1,20 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3,20 A \u2014 1,00 mm<\/td><td>2,60 A \u2014 1,00 mm<\/td><td>2,30 A \u2014 1,00 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,80 A \u2014 0,80 mm<\/td><td>2,40 A \u2014 0,80 mm<\/td><td>2,00 A \u2014 0,80 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,30 A \u2014 0,60 mm<\/td><td>1,90 A \u2014 0,60 mm<\/td><td>1,60 A \u2014 0,60 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2,00 A \u2014 0,50 mm<\/td><td>1,70 A \u2014 0,50 mm<\/td><td>1,35 A \u2014 0,50 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,70 A \u2014 0,40 mm<\/td><td>1,35 A \u2014 0,40 mm<\/td><td>1,10 A \u2014 0,40 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1,30 A \u2014 0,30 mm<\/td><td>1,10 A \u2014 0,30 mm<\/td><td>0,80 A \u2014 0,30 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,90 A \u2014 0,20 mm<\/td><td>0,70 A \u2014 0,20 mm<\/td><td>0,55 A \u2014 0,20 mm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0,70 A \u2014 0,15 mm<\/td><td>0,50 A \u2014 0,15 mm<\/td><td>0,20 A \u2014 0,15 mm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean an to\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y \u0111i 50% khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m d\u00e2y d\u1eabn d\u1ea1ng d\u1ea3i d\u00e0i, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 <strong>0,03 mm (30 \u03bcm)<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng W (mm) v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i L (mm), \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf DC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: R \u2248 0.0005 \u00d7 L \/ W (ohm) C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh nhanh cho vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i linh ki\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0: Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u2248 0,15 \u00d7 W (A). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng cho nhi\u1ec1u bo m\u1ea1ch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng <strong>35 micromet<\/strong> v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ebd <strong>1 milim\u00e9t<\/strong>. Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch = \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u00d7 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng = 0,035 mm \u00d7 1 mm = 0,035 mm\u00b2.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy t\u1eafc m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 <strong>30 A\/mm\u00b2<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i 1 mm chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u2248 30 \u00d7 0.035 = 1.05 A. V\u00ec v\u1eady, theo quy t\u1eafc ng\u00f3n tay c\u00e1i, kho\u1ea3ng 1 A tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i mm chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c IPC cho \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electronics.org\/TOC\/IPC-2152.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC-2152<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/standards.globalspec.com\/std\/155369\/ipc-d-275\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/standards.globalspec.com\/std\/155369\/ipc-d-275\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IPC-D-275<\/a> Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c IPC-D-275 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9: I = 0.0150 \u00d7 (\u0394T^0.5453) \u00d7 (A^0.7349)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i: I = 0.0647 \u00d7 (\u0394T^0.4281) \u00d7 (A^0.6732)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n I \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng ampe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0394T l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng \u00b0C.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mil\u00b2 (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c). H\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p IPC n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PCB, \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u2014 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f9ng nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.1 Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb: oz\/ft\u00b2 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 0,5 oz, 1 oz, 2 oz, 3 oz).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>1 oz \u2248 35 \u03bcm \u2248 1,35 mil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n: \u0110\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u1ea5t m\u00e1t: \u1ede t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng da c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t trong d\u00e2y d\u1eabn.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7t: \u0110\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n gi\u00fap t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gravure: \u0110\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc chi ti\u1ebft tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ebft v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Chi ph\u00ed: \u0110\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.2 V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i (Dk ho\u1eb7c \u03b5r): \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n hao (Df): \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5n hao \u1edf t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y (H): V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng, H quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n dung.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CTE v\u00e0 Tg: \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t.<br>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng: <strong>FR4<\/strong> D\u00f9ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR4 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha cao (Tg) v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cao t\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Rogers).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.3 Quy t\u1eafc kh\u1edbp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c microstrip th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0: Z0 \u2248 (87 \/ \u221a(\u03b5r_eff + 1.41)) * ln(5.98H \/ (0.8W + T)) trong \u0111\u00f3 Z0 l\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng, \u03b5r_eff l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng, H l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i, W l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn, T l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u da l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00ean \u00edt nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea5p v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u da t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5p n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n hao.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y h\u01a1n (\u2265 2 oz) v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 l\u1edbp c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5i kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8.4 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ed3ng d\u00e0y (\u2265 3 oz) c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch\/kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0103n m\u00f2n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ecfng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. B\u1ea3ng ch\u1ecdn (h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nhanh)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th><th>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th><th>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb<\/th><th>L\u00fd do kh\u1edbp<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (&gt;5 Gbps)<\/td><td>0,5 oz \u2013 1 oz<\/td><td>FR4 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p (low-Df) \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rogerscorp.com\/advanced-electronics-solutions\/ro4000-series-laminates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rogers RO4000<\/a><\/td><td>\u0110\u1ecbnh tuy\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u1ed5n hao th\u1ea5p, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>M\u00f4-\u0111un ngu\u1ed3n \/ d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao<\/td><td>2 oz \u2013 6 oz tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/fr-4-pcb-guide-properties-limits-material-choices\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4641\">FR4<\/a> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha cao (High-Tg) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao<\/td><td>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \/ vi s\u00f3ng (&gt;10 GHz)<\/td><td>0,5 oz (\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m th\u1ea5p)<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rogerscorp.com\/advanced-electronics-solutions\/ro3000-series-laminates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rogers RO3000<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-substrate-classification-and-material-properties\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"4685\">Teflon (PTFE)<\/a><\/td><td>M\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho RF.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/td><td>1 ounce<\/td><td>FR4 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/td><td>Chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bo m\u1ea1ch HDI m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/td><td>0,5 oz \u2013 1 oz<\/td><td>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u FR4 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n pha cao (High-Tg) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p (low-CTE)<\/td><td>D\u1ea5u v\u1ebft m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t laser \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n: d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i (Dk) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao, h\u00e3y \u0111o c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 Dk v\u00e0 Df c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/strong> Tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng danh ngh\u0129a (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1 oz) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y ban \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n m\u00f2n. Sau khi \u0103n m\u00f2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh thu h\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. What is copper foil? Copper foil is a thin, continuous metal sheet. It is an electro-deposited, negative-type material. The 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