{"id":4844,"date":"2026-04-01T08:34:51","date_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:34:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/?p=4844"},"modified":"2026-04-01T08:34:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T08:34:53","slug":"pcb-shielding-design-and-rf-shielding-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/vi\/pcb-shielding-design-and-rf-shielding-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn PCB v\u00e0 H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng RF"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong t\u1eebng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khoang che ch\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a PCB v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khoang che ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng gian d\u00e0nh cho khoang che ch\u1eafn tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 h\u1eb9p. Do \u0111\u00f3, khoang che ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3DS \u2014 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, V\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c khoang v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng che ch\u1eafn \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh ba b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh: thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd. S\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 tham v\u1ea5n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khoang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khoang l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khoang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ban \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u0103m hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1eabu th\u1eed, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1eabu, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, gia c\u00f4ng, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t chi ph\u00ed. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng: \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a khoang, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n che ch\u1eafn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec? B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec5u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Sau khi khoang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ki\u1ec3m tra, ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng? Khoang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t? Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c? \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t khoang hay nhi\u1ec1u khoang? S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m va \u0111\u1eadp, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m rung \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m r\u01a1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c che ch\u1eafn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u00ean s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c che ch\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c khoang che ch\u1eafn b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t khoang che ch\u1eafn b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 n\u1eafp l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o \u1edf c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda. H\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 d\u00e3y ch\u1ed1t \u1edf m\u00e9p b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o PCB b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n tay, h\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y qua l\u1ed7. N\u1eafp l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho lo\u1ea1i khoang n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay, th\u00ec n\u1eafp l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1eafp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u cao ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o theo nhu c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o cho l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, th\u00ec n\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay b\u00ean trong. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u1edf hai m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t khoang b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t g\u1eafn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c cho khoang che ch\u1eafn. Lo\u1ea1i khoang n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khoang b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n c\u1eafm c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i. Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u cao h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ng\u00f3n tay, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp h\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o h\u00e0n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o d\u1ecdc theo m\u00e9p PCB v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0o PCB. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i qua ranh gi\u1edbi h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c PCB nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o l\u00ean PCB, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp khu\u00f4n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t khoang PCB b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1eafp g\u1eadp ph\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2. Lo\u1ea1i n\u1eafp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa n\u1eafp v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh khoang, tr\u1eeb khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i gi\u1eef n\u1eafp. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 khe h\u1edf n\u00e0o trong k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMC c\u1ee7a khoang. C\u00e1c d\u1ea3i gi\u1eef n\u1eafp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2 v\u00e0 H\u00ecnh 3. C\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u1eafp di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf h\u01a1n n\u0103m l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u1eafp g\u1eadp ph\u1eb3ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u1eafp c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1eafp l\u1eafp r\u00e1p nhanh. C\u00e1c m\u1ea5u nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u1eafp kh\u1edbp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khe nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh b\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chi\u1ec1u cao h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 1,5 mm. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ea3i gi\u1eef n\u1eafp v\u00e0 n\u1eafp khe h\u1edf, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u1eafp, tr\u1eeb khi c\u00e1c m\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea5u tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1o n\u1eafp ra s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Fold-Over-Lid.webp\" alt=\"Flat Fold-Over Lid\" class=\"wp-image-4846\" srcset=\"https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Fold-Over-Lid.webp 600w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Fold-Over-Lid-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Fold-Over-Lid-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/flj-pcb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/Flat-Fold-Over-Lid-12x12.webp 12w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 gh\u00e9p n\u1eafp v\u00e0 v\u00e1ch ng\u0103n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, n\u1eafp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra khi c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong khoang. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u00e3y l\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o khoang v\u00e0 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u00ean trong l\u00ean PCB, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 4. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t che ch\u1eafn c\u1ee7a khoang kho\u1ea3ng 20 dB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c khi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng PCB r\u1ea5t cao, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn khu\u00f4n n\u0103m m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n h\u00e0n, c\u00e1c g\u00f3c h\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u00e1c g\u00f3c h\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c khoang n\u0103m m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c khoang n\u0103m m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 5, c\u00e1c khoang n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m ph\u1eb3ng. Khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang l\u00ean PCB, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u che ch\u1eafn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng che ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn (RF), h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n n\u00e0o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng thau, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c niken, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u1ecf che ch\u1eafn. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), m\u1ea1 kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea1c niken. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ea1 thi\u1ebfc s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh RoHS v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cao h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfc s\u00e1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1c niken c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ea1 b\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u1ede t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec5u th\u01b0\u1eddng do t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed1t-pho \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c khoang che ch\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Mu-metal ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u RF l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c khoang che ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 GHz. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 d\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, hai hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111i\u1ec7n dung ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa khoang che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i trong khoang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng vi \u00e2m. Trong d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gia c\u00f4ng li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 che ch\u1eafn, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian khoang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, khoang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong khoang ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a khoang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm r\u00f5 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0, \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c che ch\u1eafn. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u1eafp h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n n\u0103m m\u1eb7t, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ebd r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p hai b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp che ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed linh ki\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a gia c\u00f4ng quang h\u00f3a (PCM) v\u1edbi gia c\u00f4ng d\u1eadp, ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai. C\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng tay hay b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y? N\u1ebfu s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng v\u00f2i h\u00fat ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1eb9p linh ki\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p linh ki\u1ec7n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea1nh PCB ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 0,1 mm \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ed7 h\u00e0n n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean l\u1edbp keo h\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00f2 nung l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng che ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn (RF), h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u1ec1n n\u00e0o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng thau, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1c niken, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o l\u1edbp che ch\u1eafn. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), m\u1ea1 s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea1c niken. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ea1 thi\u1ebfc s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh RoHS v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t PCB \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a h\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ec b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cao h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfc s\u00e1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea1c niken c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ea1 b\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 cao. \u1ede t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, nhi\u1ec5u th\u01b0\u1eddng do t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y ra. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p d\u00e0y h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ed1t pho \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o khoang che ch\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Mu-metal ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u RF th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c khoang che ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 kim lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 GHz. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 d\u1ea3i n\u00e0y, hai hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111i\u1ec7n dung ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa khoang che ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB), b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i trong khoang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng vi \u00e2m. Trong d\u1ea3i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gia c\u00f4ng li\u1ec1n kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 che ch\u1eafn, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 cao kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian khoang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn s\u00f3ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, khoang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khoang c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong khoang ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a khoang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng che ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn (RF), y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1edbp che ch\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00fang v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 che ch\u1eafn, chi ph\u00ed, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa sau n\u00e0y. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n PCB th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Che ch\u1eafn PCB l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u1edbp ch\u1eafn tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb (EMI). N\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i khoang che ch\u1eafn PCB n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ecf che ch\u1eafn b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t, v\u1ecf che ch\u1eafn g\u1eafn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady c\u00e0i kh\u1edbp v\u00e0 khoang che ch\u1eafn n\u0103m m\u1eb7t. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn khoang che ch\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB) c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec5u, kh\u00f4ng gian, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u00e1o r\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 che ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn (RF) tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch in (PCB)?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng thau, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9, nh\u00f4m v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c niken. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Mu-metal \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 che ch\u1eafn t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1edbp ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed PCB kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa che ch\u1eafn g\u1eafn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 che ch\u1eafn l\u1ed7 xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c che ch\u1eafn tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Che ch\u1eafn qua l\u1ed7 mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf PCB?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t EMI b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbp che ch\u1eafn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec5u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. C\u00e1c khoang che ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u1eafp l\u00f2 xo ng\u00f3n tay, cho ph\u00e9p th\u00e1o l\u1eafp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra, s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Printed circuit board design is an important factor that affects the performance of many electronic products. Making a reliable product 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