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Practical guides to PCB design, materials, manufacturing and assembly. Explore the details that matter before your next build.
Showing 13–24 of 112 articles
A PCB is a fabricated bare board with copper circuitry but no mounted electronic components. A PCBA is that PCB after components have been placed and electrically joined…
On this page ENIG vs. HASL at a glance What is a PCB surface finish? What is ENIG? What is HASL? The most important difference: pad flatness ENIG…
PCB pads lift when a copper land separates from, or is pulled away from, the laminate surface. Common contributors include excessive or repeated heating, mechanical force, weak copper-to-laminate…
Most PCBs are green because a green solder mask covers their outer copper layers. The solder mask, also called solder resist, is a protective insulating coating applied during…
A PCB assembly defect is a condition in a populated board that does not meet its agreed workmanship, electrical, or functional requirements. Most PCB assembly defects result from…
Short answer: this 2026 editorial shortlist examines 10 of the top PCBA manufacturers in China for common procurement scenarios: Foxconn (Hon Hai), BYD Electronics, USI, Jabil, Flex, Compal,…
A multilayer PCB rarely fails because one production step was “bad.” More often, the layout, stack-up, drill strategy, and inspection plan were not aligned before fabrication began. Once…
In high-end electronic design, a 0.4 mm pitch BGA chip, tiny 0201 resistors and capacitors, and a MEMS sensor that is very sensitive to heat are all squeezed…
With the development of communication, cloud computing, and cloud storage technologies, and the growth of higher-speed Ethernet and cloud servers, PCBs will move further toward high speed and…
What is inductance? Inductance is the numerical integration of the surface magnetic field strength. Closed magnetic flux lines form around a current. Their direction follows the right-hand rule.…
Resistors: Principles, Types, and Color Code Guide The main function of a resistor is to limit current, and by doing this control the circuit, direct current to a…
1. Via Design in High-Speed PCBs In high-speed PCB design, multilayer PCBs are often required. Vias are an important part of multilayer PCB design. A PCB via mainly…
